A Scale-dependent Morphological Approach To Motion Segmentation

Accurate motion segmentation is the foundation of several high-level applications, such as surveillance and traffic monitoring systems. Here, we use a simple toggle operator, defined on a scaled morphological framework, to process the image frames in such a way that moving objects can be easily detected. The operator is able to cope with cast shadows and illumination changes, it is robust to false positives and sufficiently fast enough to be used in real-time applications. Experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms existing methods besides having low computational cost.122125Ferryman, M., Maybank, S.J., Worral, A.D., Visual surveillance for moving vehicles (1998) IEEE Workshop on Visual Surveillance, pp. 73-80Wang, L., Hu, W., Tan, T., Recent developments in human motion analysis (2003) Pattern Recognition, 36, pp. 585-601Haritaoglu, I., Harwood, D., Davis, L.S., W4: Who? when? where? what? a real time system for detecting and tracking people (1998) International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, pp. 222-227Lara, A.C., Hirata, R., Motion segmentation using mathematical morphology (2006) XIX Brazilian Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Processing, pp. 315-322. , IEEE Presshttp://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/rbf/caviar, Caviar project, February 2007Matheron, G., (1975) Random Sets and Integral Geometry, , John Wiley and SonsSerra, J., Image Analysis and Mathematical Morphology (1988) Theoretical Advances, 2. , Academic PressSoille, P., (2003) Morphological Image Analysis: Principles and Applications, , Springer-VerlagHaralick, R.M., Stenberg, S.R., Zhuang, X., Image analysis using mathematical morphology (1987) IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, PAMI-9, pp. 532-550Jackway, P.T., Deriche, M., Scale-space properties of the multiscale morphological dilation-erosion (1996) IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 18, pp. 38-51Kramer, H.P., Bruckner, J.B., Iterations of a non-linear transformation for enhancement of digital images (1975) Pattern Recognition, 7, pp. 53-58Schavemaker, J.G.M., Reinders, M.J.T., Gerbrands, J.J., Backer, E., Image sharpening by morphological filtering (1999) Pattern Recognition, 33, pp. 997-1012Serra, J., Vicent, L., An overview of morphological filtering (1992) Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing, 11 (1), pp. 47-108Leite, N.J., Dorini, L.E.B., A scaled morphological toggle operator for image transformations (2006) XIX Brazilian Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Processing, pp. 323-330. , IEEE PressWitkin, A.P., Scale-space filtering: A new approach to multi-scale description (1984) Image Understanding, pp. 79-9

Automatic Key-frame Extraction From Broadcast Soccer Videos

This paper presents a new approach for broadcast soccer video navigation and summarization based on specific representative images of the video. It also takes into account some soccer video features to better describe these videos. This work considers a special color reduction based on an HSV subquantization and a shot classification approach for soccer videos by exploring the dominant color related to the playground area.2216223Arman, F., Depommier, R., Hsu, A., Chiu, M.-Y., Content-based browsing of video sequences (1994) MULTIMEDIA '94: Proceedings of the Second ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 97-103. , New York, NY USA. ACM PressBezerra, F.N., Leite, N.J., Video transition detection using string matching: Preliminary results (2003) SIB GRAPIXVIBrazilian Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Procesing, pp. 339-346Brunelli, R., Mich, O., Modena, C.M., A survey on the automatic indexing of video data (1999) Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, 10 (2), pp. 78-112Chung, M.G., Lee, J., Kim, H., Song, S.M.-H., Kim, W.M., (1999) Automatic Video Segmentation Based on Spatio-Temporal Features, 4 (1), pp. 1-13. , Korea Telecom JournalCiocca, G., Schettini, R., Dynamic key-frame extraction for video summarization (2005) Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 5670, pp. 137-142. , DOI 10.1117/12.586777, 37, Proceedings of SPIE-IS and T Electronic Imaging - Internet Imaging VIDoulamis, A.D., Doulamis, N.D., Kollias, S.D., Fuzzy video content representation for video summarization and content-based retrieval (2000) Signal Processing, 80 (6), pp. 1049-1067. , DOI 10.1016/S0165-1684(00)00019-0Dufaux, F., Key frame selection to represent a video (2000) IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, 2, pp. 275-278Guimaraes, S.J.F., Couprie, M.M., De Albuquerque Araujo, A., Leite, N.J., Video segementation based on 2D image analysis (2003) Pattern Recognition Letters, 24 (7), pp. 947-957. , DOI 10.1016/S0167-8655(02)00218-0, PII S0167865502002180Kim, H., Lee, J., Yang, J.-H., Sull, S., Kim, W.M., Song, S.M.-H., Visual rhythm and shot verification (2001) Multimedia Tools and Applications, 15 (3), pp. 227-245Komlodi, A., Marchionini, G., Key frame preview techniques for video browsing (1998) DL '98: Proceedings of the Third ACM Conference on Digital Libraries, pp. 118-125. , New York, NY, USA. ACM PressKoprinska, I., Carrato, S., Temporal video segmentation (2001) Signal Processing: Image Communication, 16 (5), pp. 477-500Liu, F., Dong, D., Miao, X., Xue, X., A fast video clip retrieval algorithm based on va-file (2003) Storage and Retrieval Methods and Applications for Multimedia 2004, 5307, pp. 167-176. , Yeung, M. M., Lienhart, R. W., and Li, C.-S., editors, SPIENgo, C.W., Pong, T.C., Chin, R.T., Survey of video parsing and image indexing techniques in compressed domain (1998) Symposium on Image, Speech, Signal Processing, and Robotics (Workshop on Computer Vision), 1, pp. 231-236Pardo, A., Pixel-wise histograms for visual segment description and applications (2006) Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 4225, pp. 873-882. , Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis and Applications - 11th Iberoamerican Congress in Pattern Recognition, CIARP 2006, ProceedingsPatel, N.V., Sethi, I.K., Compressed video processing for cut detection (1996) IEE Proceedings: Vision, Image and Signal Processing, 143 (5), pp. 315-323Simôes, N.C., Detecão de algumas transiôes abruptas em segncias de imagens (in portuguese (2004) Master's Thesis, , Institute of Computing-IJNICAMPSmith, J.R., Natsev, A.P., Tesic, J., Xie, R.Y.L., Letz, F., Penz, C., Seidl, J., Yang, J., (2007) IBM Multimedia Analysis and Retrieval System-Marvel Lite 3, , http.-//www.alphaworks.ibm.com/tech/imars, 2aSze, K.-W., Lam, K.-M., Qiu, G., A new key frame representation for video segment retrieval (2005) Circ ii Its and Systems for Video Technology, 15 (9), pp. 1148-1155. , IEEE Transactions onTse, T., Marchionini, G., Ding, W., Slaughter, L., Komlodi, A., Dynamic key frame presentation techniques for augmenting video browsing (1998) AVI '98: Proceedings of the Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces, pp. 185-194. , New York, NY, USA. ACM PressUeda, H., Miyatake, T., Yoshizawa, S., Impact: An interactive natural-motion-picture dedicated multimedia authoring system (1991) CHI '91: Proceedings Of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 343-350. , New York, NY, USA. ACM PressVendrig, J., Worring, M., (2003) Interactive Adaptive Movie Annotation, 10 (3), pp. 30-37. , MultiMediaWolf, W., Key frame selection by motion analysis (1996) IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal ProcessingXiong, W., Lee, J.C.-M., Ma, R.-H., Automatic video data structuring through shot partitioning and key-frame computing (1997) Machine Vision and Applications, 10 (2), pp. 51-65Yeung, M.M., Liu, B., Efficient matching and clustering of video shots (1995) ICIP '95: Proceedings of the 1995 International Conference on Image Processing, 1, p. 338. , Washington, DC, USA. IEEE Computer SocietyZhang, H., Kankanhalli, A., Smoliar, S.W., Automatic partitioning of full-motion video (1993) ACM Multimedia Systems, 1 (1), pp. 10-28Zhang, H.J., Low, C.Y., Smoliar, S.W., Wu, J.H., Video parsing, retrieval and browsing: An integrated and content-based solution (1995) MUL TIMEDIA '95: Proceedings of the third ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 15-24. , New York, NY USA. ACM PressZhong, D., Zhang, H., Chang, S.-F., Clustering methods for video browsing and annotation (1996) Storage and Retrieval for Still Image and Video Databases IV, 2670, pp. 239-246. , Sethi, I. K. and Jam, R. C., editors, SPI

CMS Physics Technical Design Report: Addendum on High Density QCD with Heavy Ions

This report presents the capabilities of the CMS experiment to explore the rich heavy-ion physics programme offered by the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The collisions of lead nuclei at energies $\sqrt{s_{NN}}= 5.5\,{\rm TeV}$ , will probe quark and gluon matter at unprecedented values of energy density. The prime goal of this research is to study the fundamental theory of the strong interaction \u2014 Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) \u2014 in extreme conditions of temperature, density and parton momentum fraction (low- x ). This report covers in detail the potential of CMS to carry out a series of representative Pb-Pb measurements. These include "bulk" observables, (charged hadron multiplicity, low p T inclusive hadron identified spectra and elliptic flow) which provide information on the collective properties of the system, as well as perturbative probes such as quarkonia, heavy-quarks, jets and high p T hadrons which yield "tomographic" information of the hottest and densest phases of the reaction

Safety of hospital discharge before return of bowel function after elective colorectal surgery

Background: Ileus is common after colorectal surgery and is associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications. Identifying features of normal bowel recovery and the appropriateness for hospital discharge is challenging. This study explored the safety of hospital discharge before the return of bowel function. Methods: A prospective, multicentre cohort study was undertaken across an international collaborative network. Adult patients undergoing elective colorectal resection between January and April 2018 were included. The main outcome of interest was readmission to hospital within 30 days of surgery. The impact of discharge timing according to the return of bowel function was explored using multivariable regression analysis. Other outcomes were postoperative complications within 30 days of surgery, measured using the Clavien\u2013Dindo classification system. Results: A total of 3288 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 301 (9\ub72 per cent) were discharged before the return of bowel function. The median duration of hospital stay for patients discharged before and after return of bowel function was 5 (i.q.r. 4\u20137) and 7 (6\u20138) days respectively (P < 0\ub7001). There were no significant differences in rates of readmission between these groups (6\ub76 versus 8\ub70 per cent; P = 0\ub7499), and this remained the case after multivariable adjustment for baseline differences (odds ratio 0\ub790, 95 per cent c.i. 0\ub755 to 1\ub746; P = 0\ub7659). Rates of postoperative complications were also similar in those discharged before versus after return of bowel function (minor: 34\ub77 versus 39\ub75 per cent; major 3\ub73 versus 3\ub74 per cent; P = 0\ub7110). Conclusion: Discharge before return of bowel function after elective colorectal surgery appears to be safe in appropriately selected patients