Issues of Delay & Deviation in Marine Insurance: a Case Study of \u3cem\u3eOliver v. the Maryland Insurance Company\u3c/em\u3e, 7 Cranach 487 (1813)

An examination of the case Oliver v. The Maryland Insurance Company, 7 Cranch 487 (1813). In Oliver, Robert Oliver, the plaintiff, sued the Maryland Insurance Company, the defendant, in an attempt to recover on an insurance policy he had purchased for a shipment of goods aboard the snow Comet. The Comet was seized by a British ship on its return from Spain, and was condemned under the Orders in Council of 1807. The Court affirmed a lower court judgment that Oliver was not entitled to recover, because the Comet had engaged in an unreasonable delay and deviation on its return voyage that voided the insurance contract. Livingston and Marshall both filed opinions; Livingston claiming that the Comet’s delay in Barcelona for 4 months constituted the allotted time for a reasonable delay, and the further deviation to the nearby port of Salou was therefore unreasonable, even though it was the usage and custom of trade at Barcelona. Chief Justice Marshall filed a concurring opinion, stating his opinion that the jury should have determined whether the Comet’s delay was caused by a reasonable apprehension of fear due to “Algerine” privateers in the area; and if the jury found this reasonable apprehension existed, he would have held the deviation excused. An examination of the principle of deviation law as it stands today shows the importance of the Court’s decision in Oliver and shows how the Court’s holding provided for the soundest precedent for courts, merchants, and marine insurers to rely on through the present

Evaluation of the LEP Centre-of-Mass Energy Above the W-Pair Production Threshold

Knowledge of the beam energy at LEP2 is of primary importance to set the absolute energy scale for the measurement of the W-boson mass. The beam energy above 80 GeV is derived from continuous measurements of the magnetic bending field by 16 NMR probes situated in a number of the LEP dipoles. The relationship between the fields measured by the probes and the beam energy is calibrated against precise measurements of the average beam energy between 41 and 55 GeV made using the resonant depolarisation technique. The linearity of the relationship is tested by comparing the fields measured by the probes with the total bending field measured by a flux loop. Several further corrections are applied to derive the the centre-of-mass energies at each interaction point. The beam energy has been determined with a precision of 25 MeV for the data taken in 1997, corresponding to a relative precision of 2.7x 10^{-4}. Prospects for improvements are outlined.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, Latex, epsfig; to be published in proceedings of the "International Conference on High Energy Physics (ICHEP98)", Vancouver, BC, 23-29 July 199

THE FUTURE OF EXTENSION PUBLIC POLICY EDUCATION

Public Economics,

POLICY INITIATIVES TO FACILITATE ADJUSTMENT

Agricultural and Food Policy,

LEGITIMACY AND SUPPORT FOR EXTENSION: A PUBLIC POLICY ISSUE

Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,

SUMMARY OF CONFERENCE

Agricultural and Food Policy,

PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND EXTENSION - POLICY ISSUES

Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies,

A MODEL OF GRAIN STORAGE AND HEDGING BY FARMERS

The model analyzed represents circumstances as faced by a grain farmer when his harvest is known and he is making storage and hedging decisions. The scope of the analysis is limited in several respects. A one-period model is employed; only a limited number of options are recognized; and interrelations between the grain enterprise and other economic activities of the decision maker are neglected.Marketing,