INFLUÊNCIA DO ANELAMENTO E ESTIOLAMENTO DE RAMOS NA PROPAGAÇÃO DA LARANJEIRA VALÊNCIA (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) ATRAVÉS DE ESTACAS

Objetivando estudar a influência do condicionamento de ramos, através do anelamento e estiolamento parcial, sobre o enraizamento de estacas de laranjeira cv. Valência, conduziu-se o experimento no período de fevereiro a dezembro de 1993. Para o anelamento foi utilizado arame fino de cobre com o qual provocou-se um estrangulamento na base do ramo. No estiolamento, utilizou-se fita preta de polietileno, que foi enrolada na base das brotações. De cada ramo condicionado, obteve-se apenas uma estaca com 15 cm de comprimento, diâmetro médio de 0,5 cm e um par de folhas apicais, cortadas pela metade. O plantio das estacas foi realizado em 12.04.93, em substrato de areia lavada e peneirada. Adotou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3x3, resultante das combinações entre os períodos de zero, 30 e 60 dias dos fatores anelamento e estiolamento. Verificou-se que não ocorreu enraizamento nas estacas que permaneceram três meses no substrato e variou de 0 até 26,04% para aquelas que permaneceram oito meses. O período de estiolamento influenciou significativamente o percentual de estacas enraizadas.<br>With the aim of studying the effect of branch conditioning through girdling and banding on Valência orange cuttings a rooting trial was carried out from February to December of 1993. The girdling was performed with a thin cooper wire tightly tied at the branch base reaching the log, and the banding with black poliethylene tape, covering the branch at the base of the sprouts. Each conditioned branch gave one cutting of 15 cm length, 0.5 cm diameter and a pair of half cut apical leaves. Cuttings were planted on Dec.04, 93, in washed and sieved sand substrate. The experimental design was completely randomized, with a factorial 3 x 3 from 0, 30 and 60 day periods, girdling and banding. There was no rooting in cuttings that remained three months in the substrate and there was up to 26.04% rooting for those ones that lasted for eight months in the substrate. The banding period significantly affected the cuttings rooting percentage

CMS Physics Technical Design Report: Addendum on High Density QCD with Heavy Ions

This report presents the capabilities of the CMS experiment to explore the rich heavy-ion physics programme offered by the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The collisions of lead nuclei at energies $\sqrt{s_{NN}}= 5.5\,{\rm TeV}$ , will probe quark and gluon matter at unprecedented values of energy density. The prime goal of this research is to study the fundamental theory of the strong interaction \u2014 Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) \u2014 in extreme conditions of temperature, density and parton momentum fraction (low- x ). This report covers in detail the potential of CMS to carry out a series of representative Pb-Pb measurements. These include "bulk" observables, (charged hadron multiplicity, low p T inclusive hadron identified spectra and elliptic flow) which provide information on the collective properties of the system, as well as perturbative probes such as quarkonia, heavy-quarks, jets and high p T hadrons which yield "tomographic" information of the hottest and densest phases of the reaction