65 research outputs found
Renal artery stenosis-when to screen, what to stent?
- Author
- A Losito
- A Persu
- AH Cragg
- Alison Severn
- Antiplatelet Trialists’ Collaboration
- AR Chade
- AT Hirsch
- B Bruyne De
- B Drieghe
- B Girolami
- BC Jaarsveld van
- BH Gray
- C Chrysochou
- C Chrysochou
- C Rountas
- CG Missouris
- CJ Cooper
- CJ Cooper
- Claudine G. Jennings
- CM Cheung
- D Blondin
- D Lao
- D Mukherjee
- DFJ Tollefson
- DG Hackam
- DP Slovut
- DTNA Berg van den
- E Balk
- FH Messerli
- GA McKenzie
- GBC Vasbinder
- GBC Vasbinder
- GJ Williams
- H Tan
- H Weibull
- Isla S. Mackenzie
- J Ritchie
- J Webster
- JL Zhang
- John G. Houston
- JP Beregi
- JV Smit
- JW Olin
- JW Olin
- K Rocha-Singh
- K Wheatley
- KA Gillis
- KJ Hansen
- L Bax
- L Trinquart
- LD Dworkin
- LE Ramsay
- LM Messina
- LU Mailloux
- M Seddon
- MC Bates
- MJ Bloch
- MT Caps
- MW Burket
- OW Kincaid
- P Liang
- PJ Conlon
- PJG Ven van de
- PJG Ven van de
- Renal Association
- S Anand
- S Savard
- S Willoteaux
- Samira Bell
- SC Textor
- SC Textor
- SC Textor
- SJ Gandy
- SJ Gandy
- SM Begelman
- SW Lim
- T Jonason
- Thomas M. MacDonald
- TP Murphy
- VS Silva
- WJ Jean
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2014
- Field of study
Renal artery stensosis (RAS) continues to be a problem for clinicians, with no clear consensus on how to investigate and assess the clinical significance of stenotic lesions and manage the findings. RAS caused by fibromuscular dysplasia is probably commoner than previously appreciated, should be actively looked for in younger hypertensive patients and can be managed successfully with angioplasty. Atheromatous RAS is associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular events and increased cardiovascular mortality, and is likely to be seen with increasing frequency. Evidence from large clinical trials has led clinicians away from recommending interventional revascularisation towards aggressive medical management. There is now interest in looking more closely at patient selection for intervention, with focus on intervening only in patients with the highest-risk presentations such as flash pulmonary oedema, rapidly declining renal function and severe resistant hypertension. The potential benefits in terms of improving hard cardiovascular outcomes may outweigh the risks of intervention in this group, and further research is needed
A genetic cause of Alzheimer disease: mechanistic insights from Down syndrome
- Author
- A Coppus
- A Goate
- A Hirayama
- A Karmiloff-Smith
- A Letourneau
- A Llado
- A Ma'ayan
- A Murray
- A Patel
- A Rovelet-Lecrux
- A Rovelet-Lecrux
- A Salehi
- A Serrano-Pozo
- A Strydom
- AC Phillips
- AH Ropper
- AJ Dalton
- AJ Holland
- AM Cataldo
- AMW Coppus
- AMW Coppus
- André Strydom
- Annette Karmiloff-Smith
- AW Bero
- B Schmidt-Sidor
- BL Burgess
- BL Handen
- BP Wang
- BT Hyman
- BV Hooli
- BV Hooli
- C Balducci
- C Canzonetta
- C Chen
- C Mori
- C Oliver
- CA Lemere
- CC Draheim
- CF Lippa
- CJ Holler
- CY Chang
- D Adams
- D Allsop
- D Friedman
- D Jennings
- D McNaughton
- D Powell
- D Wallon
- DA Devenny
- DA Devenny
- Dean Nizetic
- DM Wilcock
- DMA Mann
- DMA Mann
- DMA Mann
- DMA Mann
- DMA Mann
- DMA Mann
- DS Yang
- E Head
- EA Shukkur
- EL Jones
- Elizabeth M. C. Fisher
- EW Wolvetang
- F Fernandez
- F Liu
- F Struwe
- F Yamaguchi
- FE Visser
- FK Wiseman
- Frances K. Wiseman
- G Azkona
- G d'Orsi
- G de Graaf
- G Drewes
- G Esposito
- GA Carlson
- GG Glenner
- GH Tansley
- GM Murphy
- H Braak
- H Godridge
- H Seo
- H Thonberg
- HM Evenhuis
- HM Wisniewski
- IH Park
- IT Lott
- IT Lott
- J Busciglio
- J Busciglio
- J Chapman
- J Fraser
- J Jiang
- J Landt
- J Lejeune
- J Motte
- J Noebels
- J Shi
- J Tyrrell
- J van de Louw
- J Wegiel
- J Wegiel
- JA Hardy
- JB deHaan
- JB Leverenz
- JC Cossec
- JC Lambert
- JC Moller
- JE Donahue
- JG Sheng
- JH Lee
- JH Wu
- JH Wu
- JHK Choi
- JK Teller
- JL Vazquez-Higuera
- JO Korbel
- John Hardy
- JP Weick
- JS Anderson
- K Kasuga
- K Murakami
- K Sleegers
- KA Gyure
- KA Vossel
- KE Wisniewski
- KE Wisniewski
- KS Naito
- KT Chang
- KY Mok
- L Cabrejo
- L Crayton
- L Mucke
- L Torroja
- L Zhu
- LB Li
- LBJ McIntire
- LD Nelson
- LD Nelson
- LJ Whalley
- M Adorno
- M Bothwell
- M Goedert
- M McCarron
- M Nicolas
- M Picard
- M Vilardell
- MC Irizarry
- MC Masters
- MC Phillips
- MC Royston
- MJ Ball
- MJ Stampfer
- ML Margallo-Lana
- MO McCarron
- MP Cosgrave
- MS Cheon
- N Schupf
- N Schupf
- P Zis
- PC Burger
- PJW Naude
- PM Moran
- PV Belichenko
- QS Xue
- R De Simone
- R Egensperger
- R Kimura
- RA Armstrong
- S Barbosa
- S Deb
- S Govoni
- S Griffiths-Jones
- S Horvath
- S Moore
- S Swaminathan
- S Swaminathan
- S Takashima
- S Ylaherttuala
- SA Cooper
- SA Purro
- SJ Krinsky-McHale
- SJ Krinsky-McHale
- SL Ball
- SL Ball
- SL Hartley
- SM Mills
- SR Ryoo
- SV Matveev
- T Iwatsubo
- T Lu
- T Mendel
- T Mori
- Tamara Al-Janabi
- V Brault
- V Cvetkovska
- V Dorval
- VH Perry
- Victor L. J. Tybulewicz
- VP Prasher
- VP Prasher
- VP Prasher
- WB Zigman
- WB Zigman
- WB Zigman
- WB Zigman
- WK Dowjat
- WRG Gibb
- WS Kim
- WST Griffin
- X Wang
- XL Sun
- Y Hibaoui
- Y Jiang
- Y Stern
- YC Shi
- YH Li
- YL Woods
- YS Davidson
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/08/2015
- Field of study
Down syndrome, caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21, is associated with a greatly increased risk of early onset Alzheimer disease. It is thought that this risk is conferred by the presence of three copies of the gene encoding amyloid precursor protein (APP), an Alzheimer risk factor, although the possession of extra copies of other chromosome 21 genes may also play a role. Further study of the mechanisms underlying the development of Alzheimer disease in Down syndrome could provide insights into the mechanisms that cause dementia in the general population
Is the meiofauna a good indicator for climate change and anthropogenic impacts?
- Author
- A Ahnert
- A Borja
- A Carpentier
- A Forchino
- A Guerrini
- A Mazzola
- A McIntyre-Wressnig
- A Piot
- A Pusceddu
- A Pusceddu
- A Pusceddu
- A Pusceddu
- A Rose
- AA Cook
- AD Kennedy
- AH Parulekar
- AJ Gooday
- AJ Gooday
- AJ Gooday
- AJ Gooday
- AJ Gooday
- AJ Radwell
- Alexandre Arvigo
- Andrew J. Gooday
- Ann Vanreusel
- Antoine Rio-Cabello
- AP Covich
- AR Thurber
- AW Decho
- AWG Wurff van der
- B Buchardt
- B Freedman
- B Górska
- B Lebreton
- BC Coull
- BC Coull
- BD Wigham
- BE Hopper
- BK Sen Gupta
- BR Kuipers
- BS Ingole
- BS Ingole
- BT Hentschel
- C Alsterberg
- C Bussau
- C Bussau
- C Colen Van
- C Fontanier
- C Heip
- C Lizhe
- C Mora
- C Neira
- C Neira
- C Schmidt
- C Vinagre
- C Woulds
- CD Levings
- CE Richmond
- Christophe Fontanier
- CM Duarte
- CM Jessup
- CR Smith
- CT Schafer
- D Danovaro
- D Gwyther
- D Leduc
- D Leduc
- D Thistle
- D Thistle
- D Thistle
- D Thistle
- D Zeppilli
- D Zeppilli
- Daniel Leduc
- Daniela Zeppilli
- David Fernandes
- Dendy Mahabror
- DG Raffaelli
- Diego Fontaneto
- DK Alexeev
- DL Angel
- DM Miljutin
- DOB Jones
- DP Edwards
- DT Rudnick
- DU Hooper
- E Alve
- E Alve
- E Armynot du Châtelet
- E Baldrighi
- E Buffan-Dubau
- E Gontikaki
- E Mahmoudi
- E Olafsson
- E Piña-Ochoa
- E Piña-Ochoa
- EJ Barron
- EJ O’Gorman
- ER Ricketts
- Etienne Pouplard
- F Pranovi
- F Riemann
- F Ruiz
- F Ruiz
- FB Phleger
- Fenchel
- FJ Jorissen
- FJA Nascimento
- FJA Nascimento
- G Pergent
- G Tita
- G Veit-Köhler
- G Vranken
- G Vranken
- G Woodward
- GAP Santos Dos
- GI Shapiro
- GM Sheills
- Gwendoline Traisnel
- H Beyrem
- H Ek
- H Hinz
- H Kurihara
- H Modig
- H Nomaki
- H Nomaki
- H Nomaki
- H Nomaki
- H Nomaki
- H Nomaki
- H Thiel
- H Thiel
- H Tomimatsu
- H Torres-Pratts
- HK Talge
- HM Bik
- HM Bik
- I Boldina
- I Mesel De
- IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency)
- IPCC
- IPCC
- J Grzymski
- J Gutt
- J Gwyther
- J Ingels
- J Ingels
- J Ingels
- J Mallon
- J Pawlowski
- J Renaud-Mornant
- J Schönfeld
- J Turner
- J Vanaverbeke
- J Veillette
- J Veillette
- J Vidović
- JBC Jackson
- JG Baguley
- JJ Helly
- JJ Lee
- JM Bernhard
- JM Bernhard
- JM Bernhard
- JM Bernhard
- JM Gee
- JM Guinotte
- JM Wȩsławski
- Jozée Sarrazin
- JP Barry
- JP Barry
- JS Bradshaw
- Julien Thébault
- Justine Castrec
- JW Fleeger
- JW Fleeger
- JW Murray
- K Grzelak
- K Vopel
- K Vopel
- K Worsaae
- KA Koho
- Kevin Urvoy
- KR Carman
- L Ferraro
- L Stramma
- L Stramma
- L Teuber
- L Würzberg
- LA Hack
- LA Levin
- LA Levin
- Laura Raimondeau
- LD Guidi-Guilvard
- LJ Snider
- LL Perez-Cruz
- Ludovic Hermabessiere
- M Armenteros
- M Balsamo
- M Bampton
- M Collins
- M Curini-Galletti
- M Edwards
- M Gallitelli
- M Grego
- M Grego
- M Jochum
- M Kramer
- M Loreau
- M Mojtahid
- M Raes
- M Schratzberger
- M Schratzberger
- M Schratzberger
- M Schratzberger
- M Schratzberger
- M Schratzberger
- M Troch De
- M Woombs
- M Woombs
- M Yasuhara
- M Yasuhara
- M Yasuhara
- MA Green
- MA Mateo
- MA Miljutina
- MA Miljutina
- MA Rex
- MA Rudd
- MA Wetzel
- MA Wetzel
- Marc Long
- Mariam Weyand
- Marianna Mea
- Martin V. Sørensen
- MC Austen
- MC Murrell
- Michael Pantalos
- MJ Kaiser
- ML Mahaut
- Morgan Danielo
- MV Sørensen
- N Glock
- N Lampadariou
- N Risgaard-Petersen
- N Villano
- NG Sergeeva
- NK Revkov
- NL Bindoff
- NN Rabalais
- NN Rabalais
- Noémie Allio
- O Giere
- O Giere
- O Hoegh-Guldberg
- P Durack
- P Frenzel
- P Hallock
- P Jensen
- P Riera
- P Vassallo
- PA Montagna
- PE Renaud
- Pedro Martinez Arbizu
- PF Kingston
- PJ Somerfield
- PJD Lambshead
- PJD Lambshead
- Quentin Morel
- R Carriço
- R Coma
- R Danovaro
- R Danovaro
- R Danovaro
- R Danovaro
- R Engler
- R Garcia
- R Gingold
- R Hale
- R Harvey
- R Howell
- R Huys
- R Riera
- R Riera
- R Sandulli
- R Singh
- Raphaelle Fumeron
- RC Aller
- Reinhardt Møbjerg Kristensen
- RIE Newell
- RJ Matear
- RL Diaz
- RM Warwick
- RM Warwick
- RM Warwick
- RM Warwick
- RM Warwick
- RM Warwick
- RN Arieli
- Roxanne Langonne-Augen
- RR Hessler
- S Amjad
- S Bonaglia
- S Gollasch
- S Gollasch
- S Jennings
- S Laakmann
- S Mirto
- S Mirto
- S Oron
- S Somot
- S Wang
- S Widdicombe
- SA Gerlach
- SA Gerlach
- SA Gerlach
- SA Netto
- Sarah Seite
- SC Doney
- SC Doney
- SG Bolam
- SI Rogers
- SJ Forster
- SL Dashfield
- SM Burton
- SR Ernst
- T Bongers
- T Irizuki
- T Kang
- T Mascart
- T Mascart
- T Moens
- T Radziejewska
- T Radziejewska
- T Wernberg
- T Yamanaka
- TA Scambos
- Tangi Le Bot
- TF Sutherland
- Thomas Andro
- Thomas Van Der Stegen
- TK Gyedu-Ababio
- TK Gyedu-Ababio
- TK Pinto
- Tristan James
- U Braeckman
- V Bouchet
- V Cadre Le
- Valentin Foulon
- VB Pogrebov
- VG Fonseca
- Viatcheslav N. Ivanenko
- Vivien Hulot
- VMP Bouchet
- VV Galtsova
- WP Sijp
- WS Liu
- WS Liu
- X Sun
- XQ Ngo
- ZA Ansari
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2015
- Field of study
Our planet is changing, and one of the most pressing challenges facing the scientific community revolves around understanding how ecological communities respond to global changes. From coastal to deep-sea ecosystems, ecologists are exploring new areas of research to find model organisms that help predict the future of life on our planet. Among the different categories of organisms, meiofauna offer several advantages for the study of marine benthic ecosystems. This paper reviews the advances in the study of meiofauna with regard to climate change and anthropogenic impacts. Four taxonomic groups are valuable for predicting global changes: foraminifers (especially calcareous forms), nematodes, copepods and ostracods. Environmental variables are fundamental in the interpretation of meiofaunal patterns and multistressor experiments are more informative than single stressor ones, revealing complex ecological and biological interactions. Global change has a general negative effect on meiofauna, with important consequences on benthic food webs. However, some meiofaunal species can be favoured by the extreme conditions induced by global change, as they can exhibit remarkable physiological adaptations. This review highlights the need to incorporate studies on taxonomy, genetics and function of meiofaunal taxa into global change impact research
Laparoscopy in management of appendicitis in high-, middle-, and low-income countries: a multicenter, prospective, cohort study.
- Author
- Abantanga F
- Abbas M
- Abbo O
- Abd El Galeel A
- Abd El Hameed OS
- Abd El Hamid N
- Abd El Salam Y
- Abd El Slam M
- Abd El-Salam F
- Abd Elrasoul Y
- Abd-Elrasoul Y
- Abdallah E
- Abdel-Wahab NYE
- AbdelFattah I
- Abdelgelil A
- Abdelghany S
- Abdelkader M
- Abdelkareem A
- Abdelraheim M
- Abdelshafy M
- Abdulgawad M
- Abdullah AAN
- Abdullah NAN
- Abebe NS
- Abebe NS
- Aber A
- Abington E
- Aboarab A
- Aboraya M
- Aboraya M
- Abouelnasr A
- Abouzahra A
- Abozaid M
- Abozeid K
- Abozyed MAF
- Abudeeb H
- Abuseif M
- Acharya P
- Adams R
- Adebanjo A
- Adekoya A
- Adel A
- Adel A
- Ademuyiwa A
- Ademuyiwa AO
- Adeniran J
- Adeniyi A
- Adesanya O
- Adesina A
- Adesuyi A
- Adeyeye A
- Adham W
- Afandy A
- Afifi AM
- Afzal M
- Agalianos C
- Agarwal A
- Agius M
- Aguilar-Jimenez J
- Aguilera M
- Aguilera O
- Ahlqvist S
- Ahmed A
- Ahmed EA
- Ahmed H
- Ahmed SM
- Aigrain Y
- Ajao AE
- Akeel N
- Akhtar M
- Al Awwad S
- Al-Aarag AA-R
- Al-Azraqi IAA
- Al-Faifi JJ
- Al-Hameedi HII
- Al-Hasani RKMJ
- Al-Mallah A
- Al-Mousa M
- Al-Nahrawi S
- Al-Obaedi O
- Al-shammari A
- Alahmady O
- Alakaloko F
- Alamoudi U
- Albeladi B
- Aldalaq A
- Aldhafeeri S
- Aledrisy M
- Alfarsi MA
- Alghamdi B
- Alghamdi M
- Algohary O
- Alhabli I
- Alhendy M
- Ali A
- Ali A
- Ali H
- Ali SS
- Alimi Q
- Aljiffry M
- Aljohani E
- Aljohani S
- Alkammash A
- Alkhabbaz D
- Alkhouri M
- Allam M
- Allegri A
- Allen JLY
- Allott R
- Almallah A
- Almoflihi A
- Almuallem S
- Almy J
- Alnawam E
- Alnuqaydan SA
- Alomar IN
- Alqahtani E
- Alrahawy M
- Alrajraji M
- Alrifaie A
- AlRowais M
- Alsaggaf M
- Alsaggaf MU
- Altaf A
- Altamimi A
- Althwainy A
- Altoe F
- Altwigry AM
- Alvarado Jaramillo R
- Alvarez Barreda LM
- Alwafai MG
- Aly AK
- Alyami R
- AlYoussef I
- Alzahrani M
- Alzayat T
- Amandito R
- Ambrozeviciute V
- Ameen M
- Amer MA
- Amin J
- Ammar M
- Ammar MS
- Amreia M
- Anandkumar D
- Anderson D
- Anderson R
- Anderson-Knight H
- Andersson L
- Andres Garcia-Marin J
- Ansaloni L
- Antar S
- Anthoulakis C
- Anwar AW
- Anwer W
- Anyanwu L-J
- Aql S
- Arachchi PP
- Arachchige LAJJ
- Aranzabal Durand SY
- Araujo R
- Ardley R
- Arenas A
- Arevalo Azmitia JR
- Arias Pacheco RD
- Arman S
- Arnaud AP
- Arnaud AP
- Arroyo Basto CA
- Arulampalam T
- Asal M
- Asele FA
- Ashraf SF
- Ashton A
- Assouto PA
- Ata AAA
- Atkinson K
- Atobatele K
- Attallah NA
- Attard M
- Attia AM
- Aung KP
- Austraite A
- Awuku-Asabre J
- Ayad S
- Ayandipo OO
- Ayyar S
- Azmitia Mendizabal CA
- Azodo IA
- Azzie G
- Badr A
- Badwi NM
- Badwy A
- Baheeg M
- Bailey K
- Baillie K
- Baird A
- Bakhaidar M
- Baldacchino M
- Balila RMH
- Balkan AZA
- Balmaceda R
- Bamicha A
- Barakat SAE
- Barker T
- Barnacle J
- Barneo L
- Barrionuevo Ojeda RR
- Barrios E
- Barrios E
- Barros De Castro Segundo LC
- Barroso de Lima CV
- Barry J
- Basson S
- Batista Lemaire S
- Batt J
- Beasley W
- Beaton C
- Behar N
- Beisa V
- Benevento A
- Benger M
- Benons N
- Beuran M
- Beyene R
- Bezerra Morais PA
- Bezzina M
- Bhangu A
- Bhargava A
- Bharj IS
- Bhat S
- Bhattacharya S
- Bhopal KF
- Bin Mahamood A
- Birring A
- Bjorklund I
- Blencowe N
- Blower E
- Blundell R
- Boakye-Yiadom K
- Boal M
- Boddy A
- Bode C
- Boereboom C
- Boijsen M
- Bokhari S
- Bonavina L
- Bondurri A
- Bonnard A
- Borda Luque G
- Borg E
- Borin E
- Bortolasi L
- Boshnaq M
- Botes S
- Botto N
- Bouali O
- Bowe R
- Bowley D
- Bowman C
- Boyce T
- Bradulskis S
- Bratu R-M
- Braungart S
- Bray LD
- Breitenstein S
- Brogden T
- Brown D
- Brown E
- Brown J
- Brown J
- Browning DRL
- Bugaev N
- Bugeja R
- Bukari M
- Burns H
- Cabala Chiong JA
- Cacurri A
- Cadogan DD
- Cahill R
- Camacho R
- Cameron B
- Camilleri-Brennan J
- Camilleri-Brennan JF
- Capleton P
- Careta MC
- Carlucci M
- Carreira J-A
- Carreiro De Freitas AV
- Castro Mollo M
- Cengiz Y
- Cengiz Y
- Ceriani C
- Chachulski W
- Chambers A
- Chan E
- Chan Z
- Chandrakumar C
- Chang K
- Chang KY-C
- Chapman A
- Chapman SJ
- Chen CY
- Chen JHC
- Chenn R
- Chew LS
- Chhabra S
- Chidambaram S
- Chiu S
- Chiu SMY
- Choi J
- Chong BFHK
- Chong CL
- Chong HY
- Chowdhury A
- Chun A
- Chun T
- Chung S
- Cirocchi R
- Clark DJ
- Clark T
- Clement KD
- Clements JM
- Clifford C
- Cloro LM
- Coasaca Huaraya R
- Coccolini F
- Cocker DM
- Collaborative G
- Colombani J-F
- Connor K
- Contreras Merida SM
- Contreras Urquizu M
- Contreras Vergara AL
- Coomber R
- Corro-Diaz Gonzalez S
- Costa-Maia J
- Court E
- Cragg J
- Cross K
- Cruz H
- Cucumazzo S
- Currow C
- D'aguzan N
- D'amours SK
- D'cruz R
- D'Souza R
- Da Silva LA
- Dabessa D
- Dablouk M
- Dablouk MO
- Dal Canto M
- Dambrauskas Z
- Dan I
- Danelli P
- Daniels I
- Daqeeq A
- Dar M
- Darweesh M
- Das A
- Das K
- Das S
- Davenport R
- Davies J
- Dawnay G
- Dawoud H
- De Bono P
- De Sousa AV
- Dean R
- Deckelbaum DL
- Decker E
- Deichsel F
- Dempster E
- Deputy M
- Dervenis C
- Despotidis V
- Desta S
- Devadasar GH
- Dharamshi HA
- Di Franco F
- Di Saverio S
- Diab A
- Diaconescu I-B
- Dias S
- Diaz-Zorrilla C
- Dickfos M
- Dickson L
- Dindyal S
- Domini E
- Donoghue D
- dos Santos DV
- Doughan S
- Doughty J
- Drake TM
- Driscoll A
- Du Plessis D
- Dubois A
- Duffy L
- Dwydar A
- Ebdewi H
- Ebrahim OS
- Eduard P
- Edwards J
- Edye M
- Eisner L
- El Ashal G
- El Deen KN
- El Gendy A
- El Kholy A
- El Magd AA
- El Mesery S
- El Sayed GS
- El Shoura Y
- El-badawy HA
- El-Dien KS
- El-Hamouly AS
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- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2018
- Field of study
BACKGROUND: Appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency worldwide. Differences between high- and low-income settings in the availability of laparoscopic appendectomy, alternative management choices, and outcomes are poorly described. The aim was to identify variation in surgical management and outcomes of appendicitis within low-, middle-, and high-Human Development Index (HDI) countries worldwide. METHODS: This is a multicenter, international prospective cohort study. Consecutive sampling of patients undergoing emergency appendectomy over 6 months was conducted. Follow-up lasted 30 days. RESULTS: 4546 patients from 52 countries underwent appendectomy (2499 high-, 1540 middle-, and 507 low-HDI groups). Surgical site infection (SSI) rates were higher in low-HDI (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.33-4.99, p = 0.005) but not middle-HDI countries (OR 1.38, 95% CI 0.76-2.52, p = 0.291), compared with high-HDI countries after adjustment. A laparoscopic approach was common in high-HDI countries (1693/2499, 67.7%), but infrequent in low-HDI (41/507, 8.1%) and middle-HDI (132/1540, 8.6%) groups. After accounting for case-mix, laparoscopy was still associated with fewer overall complications (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.42-0.71, p < 0.001) and SSIs (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.14-0.33, p < 0.001). In propensity-score matched groups within low-/middle-HDI countries, laparoscopy was still associated with fewer overall complications (OR 0.23 95% CI 0.11-0.44) and SSI (OR 0.21 95% CI 0.09-0.45). CONCLUSION: A laparoscopic approach is associated with better outcomes and availability appears to differ by country HDI. Despite the profound clinical, operational, and financial barriers to its widespread introduction, laparoscopy could significantly improve outcomes for patients in low-resource environments. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT02179112
Pan-cancer analysis of whole genomes
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- yb Ally
- yd Cherniack
- yd Lai
- yd Schadendorf
- ye Auman
- ye Umbricht
- Yellapantula
- Yellapantula
- yh Bathe
- yj Baylin
- Yoon
- Yu
- Yu
- Yu
- Yuan
- Yugawa
- z ah
- Z. ej
- Z. ep
- Z. fr
- Z. hv
- Z. hy
- Z. jq
- Z. kt
- Z. oe
- Zaikova
- Zapatka
- zd Gershenwald
- Zenklusen
- Zeps
- zf Ghossein
- Zhang
- Zhang
- Zhang
- Zhang
- Zhang
- Zhang
- Zhang H. b
- Zhao
- Zheng
- Zhou
- Zhou
- Zhu
- Zhu
- zi zj
- zm Jayaseelan
- Zou
- Zou
- zt Kim
- zw Lewis
- Ó. A. th
- Ø. sk
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 11/12/2019
- Field of study
Cancer is driven by genetic change, and the advent of massively parallel sequencing has enabled systematic documentation of this variation at the whole-genome scale(1-3). Here we report the integrative analysis of 2,658 whole-cancer genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We describe the generation of the PCAWG resource, facilitated by international data sharing using compute clouds. On average, cancer genomes contained 4-5 driver mutations when combining coding and non-coding genomic elements; however, in around 5% of cases no drivers were identified, suggesting that cancer driver discovery is not yet complete. Chromothripsis, in which many clustered structural variants arise in a single catastrophic event, is frequently an early event in tumour evolution; in acral melanoma, for example, these events precede most somatic point mutations and affect several cancer-associated genes simultaneously. Cancers with abnormal telomere maintenance often originate from tissues with low replicative activity and show several mechanisms of preventing telomere attrition to critical levels. Common and rare germline variants affect patterns of somatic mutation, including point mutations, structural variants and somatic retrotransposition. A collection of papers from the PCAWG Consortium describes non-coding mutations that drive cancer beyond those in the TERT promoter(4); identifies new signatures of mutational processes that cause base substitutions, small insertions and deletions and structural variation(5,6); analyses timings and patterns of tumour evolution(7); describes the diverse transcriptional consequences of somatic mutation on splicing, expression levels, fusion genes and promoter activity(8,9); and evaluates a range of more-specialized features of cancer genomes(8,10-18).Peer reviewe
Pooled analysis of WHO Surgical Safety Checklist use and mortality after emergency laparotomy
- Author
- Aahlin EK
- Aamer A
- Aaniana K
- Ababneh A
- Abaliksta T
- Abantanga F
- Abantanga F
- Abbas A
- Abbas M
- Abbasy J
- Abbo O
- Abbo O
- Abbott T
- Abbouch M
- Abd El Galeel A
- Abd El Hameed OS
- Abd El Hamid N
- Abd El Salam Y
- Abd El Slam M
- Abd El-Salam F
- Abd Elrasoul Y
- Abd-Elmawla M
- Abd-Elrasoul Y
- Abdallah E
- Abdallah E
- Abdel-Aty A
- Abdel-Hameed N
- Abdel-Kader SM
- Abdel-Wahab NYE
- Abdelaal A
- Abdelaty M
- Abdelazeam AR
- Abdelazim G
- Abdelaziz MA
- Abdelbadeai K
- Abdelfatah A
- AbdelFattah I
- Abdelgelil A
- Abdelghany S
- Abdelhady S
- Abdelhamed R
- Abdelhamid A
- Abdelhaq A
- Abdelkader M
- Abdelkader M
- Abdelkader O
- Abdelkareem A
- Abdelkhalek M
- Abdelmageed E
- Abdelmotaleb I
- Abdelraheim M
- Abdelraouf AM
- Abdelrouf DM
- Abdelshafy M
- Abdelshakour M
- Abdrabou AK
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- Musa AEK
- Musleh A
- Musowoya J
- Mussad A
- Mustafa M
- Mustafa M
- Mustafa M-A
- Musyoka CK
- Mutabazi A
- Mutabazi AZ
- Mutabazi AZ
- Mutlu D
- Mutlu V
- Muzio E
- Myers J
- Mykoniatis I
- Nabawi A
- Nada F
- Nadeem N
- Nadkarni S
- Naess PA
- Nagy GS
- Nahar SN
- Nair H
- Najjar M
- Nanthakumaran S
- Napolitano L
- Napolitano L
- Naqvi SA
- Naqvi T
- Naranjo Aristizaibal FA
- Narayanan R
- Narayanan R
- Narvestad JK
- Nashaat A
- Nashat M
- Nasher O
- Nashidengo P
- Nasir A
- Nasir AA
- Nasir WNWM
- Nasr A
- Nasr M
- Nasr M
- Nassif D
- Nastri G
- Natalie H
- Nataraja R
- Natili A
- Navarro A
- Nawara C
- Nawawi A
- Nawawi A
- Nayel AR
- Nazir M
- Ndajiwo A
- Ndajiwo A
- Ndegwa W
- Ndlovu SR
- Ndwambi P
- Negida A
- Negoi I
- Nel D
- Nemeth K
- Neo YN
- Neo YT
- Neophytou C
- Nepogodiev D
- Nepogodiev D
- Nepogodiev D
- Nepogodiev D
- Nesaratnam A
- Nessa A
- Nestorovic M
- Nevieraite V
- Newton T
- Ng JCK
- Ng S
- Ng YK
- Ng ZH
- Ngayu N
- Ngwa TE
- Niazi AK
- Nicholson L
- Nighat B
- Nigo S
- Nikberg M
- Nikoloudis N
- Nikoloudis N
- Niragire A
- Niranjan N
- Nirumal MK
- Niska K
- Nita GE
- Nita GE
- Niyirera E
- Njokanma I
- Nnajiuba H
- Nocito A
- Nocito A
- Nofal E
- Noor F
- Normile C
- Normile C
- North AS
- Notarnicola M
- Notarnicola M
- Nouh T
- Nouh T
- Noukpozounkou B
- Novak A
- Nowers J
- Nsengimana VJP
- Nsengiyumva C
- Ntirenganya F
- Ntirenganya F
- Nurqistan HD
- Nwabuoku E
- Nwinee V
- Nwokoro C
- Nyberg J
- Nymo L
- O'Connor DB
- O'Connor T
- O'Higgins Roche M
- O'neill M
- O'neill S
- O'Neill S
- O'Shea M
- Obute RD
- Occhionorelli S
- Odeyemi B
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- Odutola O
- Ofner D
- Ogunsua O
- Ogunyemi A
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- Oh J
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- Okenabirhie O
- Olajide TO
- Olaolorun A
- Olivier J
- Olori S
- Olori S
- Oludara M
- Oludara M
- Olugbemi M
- Omar AA
- Omar ME
- Omar MFW
- Omara S
- Omer OA
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- Onuoha C
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- Opoku-Agyeman R
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- Ortega I
- Ortega I
- Ortega-Vazquez I
- Ortiz N
- Orton P
- Osagie O
- Osei-Nketiah S
- Oshati O
- Oshodi O
- Osinowo A
- Osinowo A
- Osman M
- Osman N
- Osman O
- Osuoji R
- Osuoji R
- Oswald D
- Otero-Diez JL
- Othman M
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- Otten K
- Oumer R
- Owen C
- Owusu F
- Owusu F
- Ozben V
- Ozkan BB
- Ozkan BB
- Ozkan BB
- Ozmen BB
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- Padmore G
- Paez Lopez LI
- Pagano G
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- Pagnozzi J
- Pahlsson H-I
- Pai S
- Palayan K
- Palkhi EYA
- Palliyil M
- Palliyil MM
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- Palma AF
- Palomino Castillo VD
- Paludi MA
- Paludi MA
- Panait N
- Panieri E
- Panteli C
- Papageorgiou D
- Papailia A
- Papandrea M
- Papaskarlatos I-A
- Pape J
- Parakh J
- Parakh J
- Paramasivan A
- Parasyris S
- Pardo G
- Paredes Decoud H
- Parent V
- Park EHG
- Park J
- Parker J
- Parker R
- Parkinson L
- Parmentier B
- Parpoudi S
- Parseliunas A
- Parthiban S
- Pascale G
- Pascale MM
- Pasini M
- Pasquali S
- Pastora J
- Pata D
- Pata D
- Pata F
- Pata F
- Pata F
- Pata F
- Pata F
- Pata F
- Pata F
- Pata G
- Pata G
- Patel K
- Patel K
- Patel P
- Patel P
- Patel S
- Patel V
- Paterson-Brown S
- Patoulias I
- Paul M
- Paul S
- Paulouski D
- Pazuskis M
- Peck FS
- Pektas AM
- Pellino G
- Peltrini R
- Pena L
- Pereira B
- Perenyei M
- Perera J
- Perera J
- Perez Rojas AD
- Perez Velasquez CI
- Periasammy D
- Perino M
- Peros G
- Perrotta G
- Pertersen Servin GR
- Pesenti G
- Petrikenas S
- Peycelon M
- Peycelon M
- Pezas T
- Pezas T
- Pezelj N
- Phillips N
- Picardo A
- Picciariello A
- Pimenta ML
- Pineno-Flores C
- Pinkney T
- Pinkney T
- Pinnagoda K
- Pino W
- Pitt SK
- Ploski J
- Pluke K
- Podevin G
- Podevin G
- Poh K-S
- Popa M
- Popoola A
- Popoola A
- Porter J
- Poskus T
- Poskus T
- Poskus T
- Poskus T
- Poskus T
- Poskus T
- Post N
- Powell A
- Prabhudesai A
- Pranevicius R
- Prasad SS
- Preckailaite E
- Primavesi F
- Prins M
- Proctor VK
- Pronin S
- Prudhomme T
- Psaila J
- Psarianos K
- Psarianos K
- Pugliesi TB
- Pujol-Cano N
- Punja V
- Purwaningsih NA
- Puttick M
- Puttick M
- Puyana J
- Puyana JC
- Qadir MRM
- Qaissieh A
- Qawasmi I
- Qenawy M
- Quayle J
- Quek R
- Quintero Riaza VM
- Qureshi AU
- Qureshi AU
- Qureshi AU
- Qureshi M
- Qurie K
- Rabie M
- Rackauskas R
- Rackauskas R
- Radic M
- Radkowiak D
- Radojkovic M
- Rahantasoa FCFP
- Rahmah DF
- Rahmawati FN
- Rajan R
- Rajan R
- Rajjoub Y
- Rajmohan S
- Rakauskas R
- Rakha I
- Rakita I
- Ramadan MT
- Ramarez Cabrera CC
- Ramazzini P
- Ramcharn M
- Ramos Perez V
- Ramos-De la Medina A
- Ramos-De la Medina A
- Ramos-De la Medina A
- Ramos-De La Medina A
- Ramzi S
- Rangarajan M
- Raptis D
- Raptis DA
- Raptis DA
- Raptis DA
- Rasendran A
- Rasendran A
- Rashad E
- Rashad M
- Rashed AM
- Rashid A
- Rashid M
- Rashwan H
- Raslan A
- Raslan C
- Rasndran A
- Rasoaherinomenjanahary F
- Rath M
- Rausa E
- Ravishankar R
- Ray S
- Rayne S
- Rayne S
- Rayne S
- Rayne S
- Rayne S
- Rayne S
- Raza A
- Raza A
- Raza I
- Raza I
- Razek T
- Razi SAU
- Razmdjou S
- Razuri C
- Razzaque J
- Reali C
- Recinos G
- Recinos G
- Recinos G
- Recinos G
- Reda A
- Reda A
- Reddy Y
- Redgrave N
- Redota MAP
- Reece-Smith A
- Rees CM
- Refaat A
- Regalado F
- Reinisch K
- Reinisch KB
- Reinsoo A
- Rekhis S
- Renaux-Petel M
- Restrepo IM
- Restrepo J
- Reunis E
- Reza L
- Reza L
- Rezq A
- Riauka R
- Riauka R
- Riaz A
- Riaz MM
- Ribaldi S
- Richards J
- Richardson L
- Rickard J
- Rida AHEF
- Riente F
- Rinaldi A
- Ringressi MN
- Ripa M
- Riswan NZ
- Rivas R
- Rob Z
- Robert E
- Robertson AGN
- Robertson N
- Robledo-Rabanal A
- Rocke A
- Rod J
- Rod J
- Rodicio J
- Rodriguez Castro M
- Rodriguez L
- Rodriguez STT
- Rodriguez X
- Rodriguez-Uria R
- Roman Velasquez AJ
- Romani Pozo DA
- Romani D
- Romani D
- Rommaneh M
- Roncali S
- Roodt L
- Rooney H
- Rosales J
- Rosas Moran AE
- Rosello O
- Rosenberg GS
- Roslani AC
- Roslani AC
- Roslani AC
- Rossi D
- Roszkowski R
- Roth J
- Rotundo A
- Rotunno G
- Rouse T
- Roy C
- Roy S
- Roy S
- Royson H
- Royson H
- Rslan A
- Rubinkiewicz M
- Rudzenskaite A
- Ruiz Panez W
- Ruiz-Tovar J
- Rulie AS
- Runigamugabo E
- Russo AA
- Rutkowski W
- Ruzzenente A
- Saad AG
- Saad H
- Saad HA
- Saad M
- Saad MM
- Saad R
- Saad S
- Saadeh R
- Saami M
- Saar S
- Sabe A
- Sabe AK
- Sabeeh L
- Sabour FA
- Sabry A
- Sacco M
- Sacco R
- Sadek A
- Sadig N
- Saeed AM
- Saeed H
- Saeed M
- Saeed M
- Saeed M
- Safa H
- Sahbaz NA
- Sahel S
- Saidbadr A
- Sakr A
- Sakr A
- Sakr R
- Salah A
- Salah M
- Salah M
- Salah O
- Salah OM
- Salama M
- Salama M
- Salama Y
- Salama Y
- Salamone G
- Salcedo J
- Sale D
- Saleh AA
- Saleh O
- Salem HK
- Salem HK
- Salem HK
- Salem M
- Salem MM
- Sallam AE
- Salleh A
- Salleh A
- Sallinen V
- Sallinen V
- Salma M
- Salma M
- Salma U
- Salman A
- Salusso P
- Sam ZH
- Samalavicius NE
- Samaraweera DI
- Samih H
- Samir A
- Samison LH
- Sammarco G
- Sammut K
- Sampson C
- Samson G
- Samuel D
- Samuel SA
- Samy M
- Samy M
- Samy S
- Sanad A
- Sanchez Samaniego C
- Sanchez B
- Sanchez D
- Sander A
- Sandler S
- Sandoval Barrantes AM
- Sanni HA
- Sanz S
- Sapci I
- Saqlain M
- Sarafilovic H
- Saraste D
- Saravia F
- Sarmah P
- Sarsik S
- Sarwary S
- Sasia D
- Satoskar R
- Satoskar S
- Sauvat F
- Sava J
- Saw JE
- Sayed A
- Sayed F
- Sayed M
- Sayma EA
- Scalabre A
- Scalabre A
- Schadde E
- Schadde E
- Schiavone R
- Schivo D
- Schmid R
- Schmid R
- Schmitt F
- Schmitt F
- Schoewe C
- Schuetz T
- Schultz JK
- Scicluna R
- Scott M
- Segovia Lohse HA
- Segovia Lohse HA
- Seif M
- Seifelnasr O
- Seisa M
- Seisay S
- Selvaggi F
- Selvaggi L
- Semeda N
- Semiz A
- Sena-Ruiz F
- Senanayake KJ
- Senanayake WSMKJ
- Setiawan J
- Seto DM
- Seyoum N
- Sfougaris D
- Sgroi G
- Shaalan M
- Shabkah A
- Shachykava T
- Shah A
- Shah J
- Shah R
- Shaharuddin S
- Shahbaz AR
- Shaheen A
- Shahine A
- Shahzad N
- Shaikh N
- Shaikh S
- Shaker H
- Shaker R
- Shaker R
- Shakshouk HAG
- Shalabi A
- Shalaby A
- Shalaby M
- Shalaby M
- Shalhoub J
- Shamasneh A
- Shamsedine AW
- Shamsi G
- Shamsi GS
- Shariffuddin AM
- Sharma A
- Sharpin C
- Shatkar V
- Shatkar V
- Shaw CA
- Shaw CA
- Shawki M
- Shawki M
- Shawky MY
- Shawqi M
- Sheehan J
- Shehata S
- Sherif MA
- Sherman T
- Sheshe A
- Sheshe A
- Sheta A
- Sheth S
- Shibao Miyasato H
- Shillito S
- Shimy G
- Shiwani H
- Shiwani HA
- Sholadoye T
- Shrimanker N
- Shu Yip SB
- Shu S
- Shu S
- Shu S
- Shu S
- Shu S
- Shubianok M
- Shukla J
- Shwky A
- Siaw JY
- Sieda B
- Sierra S
- Sierra S
- Sierra S
- Siguantay M
- Sigurdadottir J
- Sii SSY
- Sileri P
- Silvani P
- Silvestre BP
- Silvestri V
- Simioni A
- Simoes RL
- Simutis G
- Singh P
- Singh S
- Sinha S
- Sinha Y
- Sion M
- Sishuba N
- Sivaganesh S
- Skardziukaite A
- Skehan J
- Skelly B
- Skerritt C
- Slade R
- Slapelyte E
- Sleem AS
- Sleem M
- Smart N
- Smart N
- Smart N
- Smart NJ
- Smedley A
- Smith C
- Smith C
- Smith D
- Snaith AC
- Snyder E
- Soares Miguel GP
- Sobnach S
- Sodde P
- Soeselo DA
- Sokratous A
- Solaini L
- Solar Garcia L
- Solar Garcia L
- Soldevila-Verdeguer C
- Soley R
- Soley R
- Soliman A
- Soliman A
- Soliman AR
- Soliman N
- Soliman NA
- Soliman S
- Soliman Y
- Sollazzo V
- Soltani N
- Som R
- Song J
- Song J
- Soon WC
- Soon WC
- Soreide JA
- Soreide K
- Soreide K
- Soreide K
- Soreide K
- Souaibou YI
- Souaibou YI
- Soulou V
- Spence R
- Spence R
- Spence R
- Spence R
- Spence R
- Spence R
- Spina A
- Sproule L
- Spurr M
- Sreedharan A
- Srinivasan R
- Sriram A
- Sroor F
- Sruogiene EZ
- Staerkle RF
- Starr N
- Stasinou T
- Steccanella F
- Stefanopoulos A
- Stephen A
- Stewart D
- Stock S
- Stock S
- Stoddart M
- Stoddart M
- Stoddart M
- Stourton F
- Strazdas A
- Strupas K
- Strupas K
- Strupas K
- Stuva J
- Styles K
- Suarez A
- Suarez AAB
- Subocius A
- Suleiman SI
- Summerour V
- Sund M
- Sund M
- Sunderland G
- Sundstrom SM
- Suresh S
- Sutandi N
- Sutanto EPR
- Sutton P
- Sutton P
- Suyadi A
- Swann J
- Swaroop M
- Swaroop M
- Syibrah KZ
- Sykes M
- Szczap A
- Szeto CCL
- Szeto KJ-Y
- Tabiri S
- Tabiri S
- Tabiri S
- Tabiri S
- Tabiri S
- Tabiri S
- Tackie E
- Taddei A
- Tade A
- Tafazal H
- Taha EMS
- Tahboub H
- Taher AA
- Taher M
- Taher MM
- Taieb C
- Taiwo A
- Taiwo O
- Taiwo O
- Talaat M
- Tale F
- Tale L
- Talukder S
- Talukder S
- Talving P
- Talving P
- Tammam A
- Tan C
- Tan CL
- Tan CY
- Tan JJ
- Tan JK
- Tan KSK
- Tan RCK
- Tan YK
- Tan YW
- Tanase A
- Tanase A
- Tang A
- Tang L
- Tani SI
- Tansoker I
- Tarek A
- Tarek A
- Tarek D
- Targa S
- Tariq S
- Tata MD
- Tatagiba LS
- Tawfik BA
- Tawfik G
- Tawfik G
- Taylor F
- Teasdale E
- Teasdale E
- Teasdale E
- Teasdale E
- Tedeschi U
- Tedjaatmadja C
- Telfah MM
- Tembo T
- Temoche E
- Tennakoon A
- Teo SY
- Ter EZ
- Tessera G
- Teufelberger G
- Tew YY
- Tew YY
- Tewari S
- Th'ng F
- Thabet W
- Thalgaspitiya SPB
- Tham JC
- Thanusan V
- Tharmalingam S
- Theodosopoulos T
- Thollot A
- Thomas E
- Thomas HS
- Thompson B
- Thomson P
- Thorarinsdottir H
- Thorarinsdottir H
- Thorell A
- Thorell A
- Thorsen K
- Thurairaja R
- Tierney G
- Tilston TW
- Timothy OK
- Ting JRS
- To K
- To K
- Todd KO
- Toeema AG
- Tolba H
- Tolg C
- Tolonen M
- Tolotra TEC
- Tomas K
- Tori SA
- Toribio Orbegozo PA
- Torrance HD
- Torrance HD
- Torres Cardozo J
- Toto OF
- Tou S
- Townsend D
- Tracy J
- Trompetto M
- Tselos A
- Tshisola SK
- Tugnoli G
- Tugnoli G
- Tun AK
- Tun M
- Tun M
- Turati L
- Turati L
- Turkustani S
- Turner M
- Turpo Espinoza K
- Turpo Espinoza K
- Tutino R
- Tverskis Z
- Tyler R
- Tyler R
- Tze RGE
- Tze RGE
- Tzikos G
- Ubhi HK
- Ubiali P
- Ugalde P
- Ukwenya Y
- Ulusahin M
- Upadhyaya V
- Upchurch E
- Urbanavicius L
- Urbina Rojas NM
- Urbonas T
- Urbonas T
- Urniezius Z
- Urniezius Z
- Usaityte A
- Uscinas L
- Utter M
- Uzabumwana N
- Vaicius A
- Valcarcel-Saldana M
- Valente Laufer LA
- Valioulis I
- Van Der Naald N
- Van Duren B
- Van Niekerk M
- Van Straten S
- Varcada M
- Vargas M
- Varkalys K
- Vartanoglu T
- Vartic M
- Vartic M
- Vasquez G
- Vasquez I
- Veen T
- Velasquez R
- Vella-Baldacchino M
- Venclauskas L
- Vendramin E
- Venskutonis D
- Venskutonis D
- Venskutonis D
- Venskutonis D
- Venugopal C
- Verbeek A
- Vergara Celis JM
- Vergara Mejia AG
- Verjee A
- Vermaas M
- Veronese E
- Vianna JGP
- Vicario E
- Vicenta Collado M
- Vida LC
- Vida LC
- Vilcinskas M
- Villa R
- Villalobos S
- Vimalachandran D
- Vincent J
- Violi P
- Visinskas P
- Vivekanantham S
- Vlachogiorgos A
- Voulgaris E
- Wael N
- Wagener M
- Wakefield R
- Waledziak M
- Waleed H
- Walker M
- Walker N
- Walls L
- Walsh M
- Walsh U
- Waqar M
- Ward AE
- Ward S
- Warda M
- Warren O
- Warren O
- Warwick AM
- Waterman A
- Watson NF
- Watson NF
- Watts A
- Weber B
- Weber P
- Weber P
- Weinstein MS
- Weiser TG
- Werder G
- Wheeler J
- Whewell H
- Whitaker J
- White R
- White T
- Whitehurst K
- Wiborg J
- Widiastini TA
- Widmer LW
- Wijayarathna LS
- Wild JRL
- Williams E
- Williams G
- Williams O
- Williams O
- Williamson A
- Wilson A
- Wilson L
- Wilson M
- Wilson M
- Wilson MSJ
- Wilson MSJ
- Wimalge PMSN
- Winstanley J
- Witherspoon P
- Wogensen F
- Wogensen F
- Wogensen F
- Woin E
- Wold TB
- Wolf B
- Wolf B
- Wondimu S
- Wondoh P
- Wondoh P
- Wong CS
- Wong CY
- Wong F
- Wong HY
- Wood G
- Woodward H
- Worku M
- Worku M
- Worku T
- Wredberg C
- Wright N
- Wright NJ
- Xerri T
- Xerri T
- Yahaya MT
- Yakubu M
- Yallop L
- Yam SY
- Yang J
- Yap S
- Yaseen T
- Yaseen TM
- Yau JD
- Yavuz MA
- Ye J
- Yeang LJ
- Yee J
- Yeo LS
- Yeung ENW
- Yeung MHA
- Yifieyeh A
- Yildirim R
- Yip C
- Ymeri S
- Yoganathan P
- Yolcu S
- Yong CO
- Yong GL
- Younis A
- Youssef D
- Youssef H
- Youssef M
- Youssif JH
- Yuksek MA
- Yusufali T
- Zaa'treh R
- Zachariades D-C
- Zadoroznas A
- Zahran D
- Zakaria E
- Zakaria M
- Zakaria Y
- Zaki A
- Zakir M
- Zalabia MF
- Zamarin K
- Zammit S
- Zampitis N
- Zani A
- Zani A
- Zani A
- Zanini N
- Zanini N
- Zapata Ponze De Leon M
- Zapata Ponze De Leon M
- Zapata F
- Zarb C
- Zardab A
- Zegarra S
- Zeidan S
- Zelada Alvarez II
- Zerihun AB
- Zeta Solis LA
- Zhang Z
- Zheng F
- Zidan H
- Zidan H
- Zidan M
- Zielinski M
- Ziff O
- Zikry M
- Zil-E-Ali A
- Zilinskas J
- Zilinskas J
- Zilinskas J
- Zilinskas J
- Zilinskas J
- Zilinskiene R
- Zilinskiene R
- Zimmermann EF
- Ziubryte G
- Zohair A
- Zorrilla CD
- Zuber M
- Zuber M
- Zuk G
- Zulkifli A
- Zumbuhl L
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 15/10/2018
- Field of study
Background The World Health Organization (WHO) Surgical Safety Checklist has fostered safe practice for 10 years, yet its place in emergency surgery has not been assessed on a global scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate reported checklist use in emergency settings and examine the relationship with perioperative mortality in patients who had emergency laparotomy. Methods In two multinational cohort studies, adults undergoing emergency laparotomy were compared with those having elective gastrointestinal surgery. Relationships between reported checklist use and mortality were determined using multivariable logistic regression and bootstrapped simulation. Results Of 12 296 patients included from 76 countries, 4843 underwent emergency laparotomy. After adjusting for patient and disease factors, checklist use before emergency laparotomy was more common in countries with a high Human Development Index (HDI) (2455 of 2741, 89.6 per cent) compared with that in countries with a middle (753 of 1242, 60.6 per cent; odds ratio (OR) 0.17, 95 per cent c.i. 0.14 to 0.21, P <0001) or low (363 of 860, 422 per cent; OR 008, 007 to 010, P <0.001) HDI. Checklist use was less common in elective surgery than for emergency laparotomy in high-HDI countries (risk difference -94 (95 per cent c.i. -11.9 to -6.9) per cent; P <0001), but the relationship was reversed in low-HDI countries (+121 (+7.0 to +173) per cent; P <0001). In multivariable models, checklist use was associated with a lower 30-day perioperative mortality (OR 0.60, 0.50 to 073; P <0.001). The greatest absolute benefit was seen for emergency surgery in low- and middle-HDI countries. Conclusion Checklist use in emergency laparotomy was associated with a significantly lower perioperative mortality rate. Checklist use in low-HDI countries was half that in high-HDI countries.Peer reviewe
Sports Participation and Juvenile Delinquency: A Meta-Analytic Review
- Author
- A *Meenagh
- A *Metzger
- A Laan *Van der
- AF Farb
- AM Aloe
- Anouk Spruit
- B *Hallingberg
- BG Tabachnik
- BJ Bredemeier
- BS *Davis
- BW Miller
- C Nucci
- C Vidoni
- CB Begg
- CE Yesalis
- CG *Roman
- CL *Chapple
- Claudia van der Put
- D *Mays
- D Hartmann
- DA Kreager
- DF Perkins
- DJ *Begg
- DLL Shields
- DM *Landers
- DM *Wilson
- DS *Levin
- DW Osgood
- E Bussche Van den
- EA Rutten
- ES Vugt Van
- Eveline van Vugt
- G Knapp
- G Nichols
- GE *Faulkner
- Geert-Jan Stams
- GH Sage
- GJ Stams
- GM *Barnes
- GM Barnes
- HF *Crean
- HG *Buhrmann
- HG *Buhrmann
- I Janssen
- ID Boardley
- IM Endresen
- J *Junger-Tas
- J *Raithel
- J *Sokol-Katz
- J Benedict
- J Coakley
- J Côté
- J Hox
- JA *Booth
- JA *Kwon
- JA Fredricks
- JA Fredricks
- JA Fredricks
- JJ *Paetsch
- JM *Reingle
- JO *Segrave
- JO *Segrave
- JO Segrave
- K *Moesch
- KE *Miller
- KM *Thompson
- L Kelly
- LC Findlay
- LD *MacRae
- LE *Daigle
- LE Cohen
- LG Wild
- LL *Caldwell
- M *Choquet
- M *Gardner
- M *Kruissink
- M *Yang
- M Cameron
- M Egger
- M Ewing
- M Guivernau
- M Houben
- M Kwan
- MB *Carr
- MB Donnellan
- MJ Lee
- MS *Kelley
- MW Lipsey
- N Ntoumanis
- N Stanger
- PA *Harrison
- PD *Tolk
- PJ Adachi
- PJ Arnold
- PW *Baumert Jr
- PW Tappan
- R *Agnew
- RA Sandford
- RC *Fauth
- RE *Watkins
- RE Smith
- RM Eime
- RW Larson
- S Duval
- S Hughes
- S Saha
- SK *Wong
- SM Hofer
- SS *Luthar
- SV *Gies
- T Hirschi
- TE Moffitt
- TM Wong
- TM Wong
- Trudy van der Stouwe
- W Noortgate Van den
- W Viechtbauer
- WE *Schafer
- WG *Jennings
- Z *Yin
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2015
- Field of study
Participation in sports activities is very popular among adolescents, and is frequently encouraged among youth. Many psychosocial health benefits in youth are attributed to sports participation, but to what extent this positive influence holds for juvenile delinquency is still not clear on both the theoretical and empirical level. There is much controversy on whether sports participation should be perceived as a protective or a risk factor for the development of juvenile delinquency. A multilevel meta-analysis of 51 published and unpublished studies, with 48 independent samples containing 431 effect sizes and N = 132,366 adolescents, was conducted to examine the relationship between sports participation and juvenile delinquency and possible moderating factors of this association. The results showed that there is no overall significant association between sports participation and juvenile delinquency, indicating that adolescent athletes are neither more nor less delinquent than non-athletes. Some study, sample and sports characteristics significantly moderated the relationship between sports participation and juvenile delinquency. However, this moderating influence was modest. Implications for theory and practice concerning the use of sports to prevent juvenile delinquency are discussed. Keywords Sports participation Juvenile delinquency Multilevel meta-analysis Revie
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- Abbasi-Kangevari M
- Abu-Rmeileh NM
- Adambekov S
- Adams RJ
- Aekplakorn W
- Agdeppa IA
- Aghazadeh-Attari J
- Aguilar-Salinas CA
- Agyemang C
- Ahmad NA
- Ahmadi A
- Ahmadi N
- Ahmadi N
- Ahmed SH
- Ajlouni K
- Al Asfoor D
- Al Nsour M
- Al Qaoud NM
- Al-Hinai H
- Al-Lahou B
- Al-Lawati JA
- Alarouj M
- AlBuhairan F
- AlDhukair S
- Aldwairji MA
- Ali MM
- Alinezhad F
- Alkandari A
- Alomirah HF
- Aly E
- Amarapurkar DN
- Andersen LB
- Anderssen SA
- Andrade DS
- Anjana RM
- Ansari-Moghaddam A
- Aounallah-Skhiri H
- Aris T
- Arlappa N
- Aryal KK
- Assah FK
- Assembekov B
- Auvinen J
- Avdicova M
- Azad K
- Azimi-Nezhad M
- Azizi F
- Bacopoulou F
- Balakrishna N
- Bamoshmoosh M
- Banach M
- Bandosz P
- Banegas JR
- Barbagallo CM
- Barcelo A
- Baretic M
- Barrera L
- Basit A
- Batieha AM
- Batista AP
- Baur LA
- Bebakar WMW
- Belavendra A
- Ben Romdhane H
- Ben S
- Benchekor SM
- Benet M
- Bennett JE
- Berkinbayev S
- Bernabe-Ortiz A
- Berrios Carrasola X
- Bettiol H
- Beybey AF
- Bhargava SK
- Bikbov MM
- Bista B
- Bjerregaard P
- Bjertness E
- Bjertness MB
- Bjorkelund C
- Bloch KV
- Blokstra A
- Bo S
- Bobak M
- Boggia JG
- Bonaccio M
- Bonilla-Vargas A
- Borghs H
- Bovet P
- Brajkovich I
- Brenner H
- Brewster LM
- Brian GR
- Briceno Y
- Brito M
- Bugge A
- Buntinx F
- Cabrera de Leon A
- Caixeta RB
- Can G
- Candido APC
- Capanzana MV
- Capkova N
- Capuano E
- Capuano R
- Capuano V
- Cardoso VC
- Carlsson AC
- Carrillo-Larco RM
- Casanueva FF
- Censi L
- Cervantes-Loaiza M
- Chamnan P
- Chamukuttan S
- Chan Q
- Charchar FJ
- Chaturvedi N
- Chen H
- Cheraghian B
- Chirlaque M-D
- Chudek J
- Cifkova R
- Cirillo M
- Cisneros JZ
- Claessens F
- Cohen E
- Concin H
- Cooper C
- Costanzo S
- Cowan MJ
- Cowell C
- Crujeiras AB
- Cruz JJ
- Cureau FV
- Cuschieri S
- D'Arrigo G
- D'Orsi E
- Dallongeville J
- Damasceno A
- Danaei G
- Dastgiri S
- Davletov K
- De Curtis A
- de Gaetano G
- De Henauw S
- Deepa M
- DeGennaro VJ
- Demarest S
- Dennison E
- Deschamps V
- Dhimal M
- Dika Z
- Djalalinia S
- Donfrancesco C
- Dong G
- Dorobantu M
- Dorr M
- Dragano N
- Drygas W
- Du Y
- Duante CA
- Duboz P
- Dushpanova A
- Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E
- Ebrahimi N
- Eddie R
- Eftekhar E
- Efthymiou V
- Egbagbe EE
- Eghtesad S
- El Ati J
- El-Khateeb M
- Eldemire-Shearer D
- Elosua R
- Enang O
- Erasmus RT
- Erbel R
- Erem C
- Ergor G
- Eriksen L
- Eriksson JG
- Esmaeili A
- Evans RG
- Ezzati M
- Fakhradiyev I
- Fall CH
- Faramarzi E
- Farjam M
- Farzadfar F
- Farzi Y
- Fattahi MR
- Fawwad A
- Felix-Redondo FJ
- Ferguson TS
- Fernandez-Berges D
- Ferrari M
- Ferreccio C
- Ferreira HS
- Ferrer E
- Feskens EJM
- Flood D
- Forsner M
- Fosse S
- Fottrell EF
- Fouad HM
- Francis DK
- Frontera G
- Furusawa T
- Gaciong Z
- Garnett SP
- Gasull M
- Gazzinelli A
- Gehring U
- Ghaderi E
- Ghamari S-H
- Ghanbari A
- Ghasemi E
- Gheorghe-Fronea O-F
- Ghimire A
- Gialluisi A
- Giampaoli S
- Gianfagna F
- Gill TK
- Gironella G
- Giwercman A
- Goltzman D
- Gomula A
- Goncalves H
- Goncalves M
- Gonzalez AR
- Gonzalez-Chica DA
- Gonzalez-Gross M
- Gonzalez-Rivas JP
- Gonzalez-Villalpando C
- Gonzalez-Villalpando M-E
- Gottrand F
- Grafnetter D
- Gregg EW
- Grodzicki T
- Grontved A
- Guerrero R
- Gujral UP
- Gupta R
- Gutierrez L
- Gwee X
- Haghshenas R
- Hakimi H
- Hambleton IR
- Hamzeh B
- Hanekom WA
- Hange D
- Hantunen S
- Hao J
- Harooni J
- Hashemi-Shahri SM
- Hata J
- Heap RA
- Heidemann C
- Henrique RDS
- Herrala S
- Herzig K-H
- Heshmat R
- Hiep HP
- Ho SY
- Hoang VM
- Holdsworth M
- Homayounfar R
- Hopman WM
- Horimoto ARVR
- Hormiga C
- Horta BL
- Houti L
- Howitt C
- Htay TT
- Htet AS
- Htike MMT
- Huerta JM
- Huhtaniemi IT
- Huisman M
- Husseini A
- Huybrechts I
- Iacoviello L
- Iakupova EM
- Iannone AG
- Ijoma C
- Imperatore G
- Irazola VE
- Ishida T
- Isiguzo GC
- Islam SMS
- Islek D
- Ittermann T
- Iwasaki M
- Jaaskelainen T
- Jacobs JM
- Jaddou HY
- Jadoul M
- Jallow B
- James K
- Jamil KM
- Janus E
- Jarvelin M-R
- Jasienska G
- Jelakovic A
- Jelakovic B
- Jennings G
- Jha AK
- Jimenez RO
- Jockel K-H
- Jokelainen JJ
- Jonas JB
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- Joukar F
- Jozwiak J
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- Karki KB
- Katibeh M
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- Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi S
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- Kersting M
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- Khaledifar A
- Khalili D
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- Kheiri B
- Kheradmand M
- Khosravi A
- Kiechl S
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- Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U
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- Kingston A
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- Manios Y
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- Mansour-Ghanaei F
- Manzato E
- Margozzini P
- Marino J
- Marques LP
- Martorell R
- Mascarenhas LP
- Masinaei M
- Mathiesen EB
- Matsha TE
- Mbanya JCN
- Mc Donald Posso AJ
- McFarlane SR
- McGarvey ST
- Mehlig K
- Mehrparvar AH
- Melgarejo JD
- Mendez F
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- Meshram II
- Meto DT
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- Mishra A
- Modesti PA
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- Mohammadi Z
- Mohammadifard N
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- Mohebbi I
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- Nieto-Martinez RE
- Ninomiya T
- Noale M
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- Noto D
- Nuhoglu I
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- Palmieri L
- Pan W-H
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- Panza F
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- Pecin I
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- Rampal S
- Rangel Reina DA
- Rao KM
- Rashidi M-M
- Rayner AW
- Redon J
- Renner JDP
- Reuter CP
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- Rezaei N
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- Rigo F
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- Roggenbuck U
- Rohloff P
- Romeo EL
- Rosengren A
- Rubinstein A
- Rust P
- Rutkowski M
- Sabbaghi H
- Sachdev HS
- Sadjadi A
- Safarpour AR
- Safi S
- Safiri S
- Saghi MH
- Saidi O
- Saki N
- Salaj S
- Salanave B
- Salonen JT
- Salvetti M
- Sanchez-Abanto J
- Santos Silva DA
- Santos DA
- Santos LC
- Santos MP
- Santos TR
- Saramies JL
- Sardinha LB
- Sarrafzadegan N
- Saum K-U
- Savin S
- Sbaraini M
- Scazufca M
- Schaan BD
- Scheidt-Nave C
- Schipf S
- Schmidt CO
- Schramm S
- Sebert S
- Sedaghattalab M
- Sein AA
- Sepanlou SG
- Sewpaul R
- Shamah-Levy T
- Shamshirgaran SM
- Sharafkhah M
- Sharma SK
- Sharman A
- Shaw JE
- Shayanrad A
- Shayesteh AA
- Sheffer KE
- Shimizu-Furusawa H
- Shiri R
- Shrestha N
- Si-Ramlee K
- Simon M
- Simons J
- Simons LA
- Singleton RK
- Sjostrom M
- Slowikowska-Hilczer J
- Slusarczyk P
- Smeeth L
- Sobngwi E
- Soderberg S
- Soemantri A
- Sofat R
- Solfrizzi V
- Somi MH
- Son TP
- Soumare A
- Sousa-Poza A
- Sparrenberger K
- Staessen JA
- Stavreski B
- Steene-Johannessen J
- Stehle P
- Stein AD
- Stessman J
- Stevens GA
- Stokwiszewski J
- Stronks K
- Suarez-Ortegon MF
- Suebsamran P
- Sundstrom J
- Suriyawongpaisal P
- Sylva RC
- Szklo M
- Tamosiunas A
- Tarawneh MR
- Tarqui-Mamani CB
- Taylor A
- Taylor J
- Tello T
- Thankappan KR
- Theobald H
- Theodoridis X
- Thet TM
- Thomas N
- Thrift AG
- Timmermans EJ
- Tjandrarini DH
- Tolonen HK
- Tolstrup JS
- Tomaszewski M
- Topbas M
- Torres-Collado L
- Traissac P
- Tran QB
- Triantafyllou A
- Tuitele J
- Tuliakova AM
- Tulloch-Reid MK
- Tuomainen T-P
- Tzala E
- Tze PN
- Tzourio C
- Ueda P
- Ugel E
- Ukoli FAM
- Ulmer H
- Uusitalo HMT
- Valdivia G
- Van den Born B-J
- Van der Heyden J
- van Rossem L
- Van Schoor NM
- van Valkengoed IGM
- van Zutphen EM
- Vander Hoorn S
- Vanderschueren D
- Vanuzzo D
- Vasan SK
- Vega T
- Velasquez-Melendez G
- Verstraeten R
- Viet L
- Villalpando S
- Vioque J
- Virtanen JK
- Viswanathan B
- Voutilainen A
- Vrkic TZ
- Wade AN
- Wang C
- Wang N
- Wang Q
- Wang Y-W
- Wang YX
- Wannamethee SG
- Webster-Kerr K
- Wedderkopp N
- Wei W
- Westbury LD
- Whincup PH
- Widhalm K
- Widyahening IS
- Wiecek A
- Wilks RJ
- Willeit J
- Willeit P
- Wilsgaard T
- Wojtyniak B
- Wong A
- Wong EB
- Wong NI
- Woodward M
- Wu FC
- Xu H
- Xu L
- Yaacob NA
- Yan L
- Yan W
- Yoosefi M
- Yoshihara A
- Younger-Coleman NO
- Yu Y
- Yu Y-L
- Yusoff AF
- Yusoff MFM
- Zainuddin AA
- Zamani F
- Zambon S
- Zampelas A
- Zaw KK
- Zdrojewski T
- Zeng Y
- Zhang Z-Y
- Zholdin B
- Zhou B
- Zimmet P
- Zitt E
- Zoghlami N
- Publication venue
- Nature Research
- Publication date
- 09/11/2023
- Field of study
Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) are both used to diagnose diabetes, but these measurements can identify different people as having diabetes. We used data from 117 population-based studies and quantified, in different world regions, the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes, and whether those who were previously undiagnosed and detected as having diabetes in survey screening, had elevated FPG, HbA1c or both. We developed prediction equations for estimating the probability that a person without previously diagnosed diabetes, and at a specific level of FPG, had elevated HbA1c, and vice versa. The age-standardized proportion of diabetes that was previously undiagnosed and detected in survey screening ranged from 30% in the high-income western region to 66% in south Asia. Among those with screen-detected diabetes with either test, the age-standardized proportion who had elevated levels of both FPG and HbA1c was 29–39% across regions; the remainder had discordant elevation of FPG or HbA1c. In most low- and middle-income regions, isolated elevated HbA1c was more common than isolated elevated FPG. In these regions, the use of FPG alone may delay diabetes diagnosis and underestimate diabetes prevalence. Our prediction equations help allocate finite resources for measuring HbA1c to reduce the global shortfall in diabetes diagnosis and surveillance
Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults
- Author
- Aarestrup J
- Abarca-Gomez L
- Abbasi-Kangevari M
- Abdeen ZA
- Abdrakhmanova S
- Abdurrahmonova Z
- Abril GL
- Abu-Rmeileh NM
- Acosta-Cazares B
- Adam I
- Adamczyk M
- Adams RJ
- Adu-Afarwuah S
- Aekplakorn W
- Afsana K
- Afzal S
- Agbor VN
- Agdeppa IA
- Aghazadeh-Attari J
- Agren A
- Aguenaou H
- Aguilar-Salinas CA
- Aguilar-Salinas CA
- Agyemang C
- Ahmad MH
- Ahmad NA
- Ahmadi A
- Ahmadi N
- Ahmadi N
- Ahmed I
- Ahmed SH
- Ahrens W
- Aitmurzaeva G
- Ajlouni K
- Al Asfoor D
- Al Hourani HM
- Al Nsour M
- Al Qaoud NM
- Al-Hazzaa HM
- Al-Hinai H
- Al-Lahou B
- Al-Lawati JA
- Al-Raddadi R
- Alarouj M
- AlBuhairan F
- AlDhukair S
- Aldwairji MA
- Alexius S
- Ali MM
- Alieva AV
- Alkandari A
- Alkerwi A
- Alkhatib BM
- Allin K
- Alomary SA
- Alomirah HF
- Alshangiti AM
- Alvarez-Pedrerol M
- Aly E
- Amarapurkar DN
- Amoah J
- Amougou N
- Amouyel P
- Andersen LB
- Anderssen SA
- Androutsos O
- Angquist L
- Anicet AK
- Anjana RM
- Ansari-Moghaddam A
- Anufrieva E
- Aounallah-Skhiri H
- Araujo J
- Ariansen I
- Aris T
- Arku RE
- Arlappa N
- Aryal KK
- Aspelund T
- Assah FK
- Assefa N
- Assembekov B
- Assuncao MCF
- Aung MS
- Auvinen J
- Avdicova M
- Avi S
- Azad K
- Azevedo A
- Azimi-Nezhad M
- Azizi F
- Babu BV
- Bacopoulou F
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- Yngve A
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- Yoshihara A
- Yotov Y
- You QS
- You S-L
- Younger-Coleman NO
- Yu Y
- Yu Y-L
- Yusof SM
- Yusoff AF
- Yusoff MFM
- Zaccagni L
- Zafiropulos V
- Zainuddin AA
- Zakavi SR
- Zamani F
- Zambon S
- Zampelas A
- Zamrazilova H
- Zapata ME
- Zargar AH
- Zaw KK
- Zayed AA
- Zdrojewski T
- Zeglen M
- Zejglicova K
- Zeng Y
- Zentai A
- Zhang B
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- Zhang Z-Y
- Zhao D
- Zhao M-H
- Zhao W
- Zhecheva YV
- Zhen S
- Zheng W
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- Zimmet P
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- Zitt E
- Zocalo Y
- Zoghlami N
- Zuziak M
- Publication venue
- Elsevier
- Publication date
- 01/01/2024
- Field of study
Background
Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories.
Methods
We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI 2 SD above the median).
Findings
From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness.
Interpretation
The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesity.
Funding
UK Medical Research Council, UK Research and Innovation (Research England), UK Research and Innovation (Innovate UK), and European Union
Global variation in anastomosis and end colostomy formation following left-sided colorectal resection
- Author
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- Ž
- Ž
- Ž
- &apos
- Aahlin Ek
- Aamer A
- Aaniana K
- Ababneh A
- Abaliksta T
- Abantanga F
- Abantanga F
- Abbas A
- Abbas M
- Abbasy J
- Abbo O
- Abbo O
- Abbott T
- Abbouch M
- Abd-Elmawla M
- Abd-Elrasoul Y
- Abdallah E
- Abdallah E
- Abdel-Aty A
- Abdel-Hameed N
- Abdel-Kader Sm
- Abdel-Wahab Nye
- Abdelaal A
- Abdelaty M
- Abdelazeam Ar
- Abdelazim G
- Abdelaziz Ma
- Abdelbadeai K
- Abdelfatah A
- AbdelFattah I
- Abdelgelil A
- Abdelghany S
- Abdelhady S
- Abdelhamed R
- Abdelhamid A
- Abdelhaq A
- Abdelkader M
- Abdelkader M
- Abdelkader O
- Abdelkareem A
- Abdelkhalek M
- Abdelmageed E
- Abdelmotaleb I
- Abdelraheim M
- Abdelraouf Am
- Abdelrouf Dm
- Abdelshafy M
- Abdelshakour M
- Abdrabou Ak
- Abdul-Latif S
- Abdulaziz H
- Abdulaziz M
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- Abdulgawad M
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- Fattah Aa
- Fatuga A
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- Faure A
- Fautz T
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- Fawzy A
- Feidantsis T
- Felipe Co
- Fergany A
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- Klappenbach R
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- Koskenvuo L
- Kostov E
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- Kotobi H
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- Kouraklis G
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- Kyriazanos I
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- Kyziridis D
- Ló
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- La Brocca A
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- Labib P
- Ladukas A
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- Laugzemys E
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- Laurie K
- Lauzikas G
- Law Jh
- Lawal A
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- Lawani I
- Lawther R
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- Lee C
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- Leone N
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- Leusink A
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- Lim G
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- Loaloa Mr
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- Macfarlane A
- Machaca M
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- Marks E
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- Mirza A
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- Mohamed F
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- Mohamed M
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- Mohamed Maeh
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- Mohamed Sr
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- Monteleone M
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- Montes I
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- Moodley Y
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- Msiska N
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- Napolitano L
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- Narayanan R
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- Negida A
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- Nepogodiev D
- Nepogodiev D
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- Nesaratnam A
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- Nevieraite V
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- Njokanma I
- Nnajiuba H
- Nocito A
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- Nouh T
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- Novak A
- Nowers J
- Nsengimana Vjp
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- Ntirenganya F
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- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- 27/11/2018
- Field of study
Background
End colostomy rates following colorectal resection vary across institutions in high-income settings, being influenced by patient, disease, surgeon and system factors. This study aimed to assess global variation in end colostomy rates after left-sided colorectal resection.
Methods
This study comprised an analysis of GlobalSurg-1 and -2 international, prospective, observational cohort studies (2014, 2016), including consecutive adult patients undergoing elective or emergency left-sided colorectal resection within discrete 2-week windows. Countries were grouped into high-, middle- and low-income tertiles according to the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). Factors associated with colostomy formation versus primary anastomosis were explored using a multilevel, multivariable logistic regression model.
Results
In total, 1635 patients from 242 hospitals in 57 countries undergoing left-sided colorectal resection were included: 113 (6·9 per cent) from low-HDI, 254 (15·5 per cent) from middle-HDI and 1268 (77·6 per cent) from high-HDI countries. There was a higher proportion of patients with perforated disease (57·5, 40·9 and 35·4 per cent; P < 0·001) and subsequent use of end colostomy (52·2, 24·8 and 18·9 per cent; P < 0·001) in low- compared with middle- and high-HDI settings. The association with colostomy use in low-HDI settings persisted (odds ratio (OR) 3·20, 95 per cent c.i. 1·35 to 7·57; P = 0·008) after risk adjustment for malignant disease (OR 2·34, 1·65 to 3·32; P < 0·001), emergency surgery (OR 4·08, 2·73 to 6·10; P < 0·001), time to operation at least 48 h (OR 1·99, 1·28 to 3·09; P = 0·002) and disease perforation (OR 4·00, 2·81 to 5·69; P < 0·001).
Conclusion
Global differences existed in the proportion of patients receiving end stomas after left-sided colorectal resection based on income, which went beyond case mix alone
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