HAL-Université de Bretagne Occidentale
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    Mise en œuvre des méthodologies scientifiques et Techniques dans une exposition muséale: Le projet ANR LAB in Virtuo

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    International audienceLes objectifs du projet Lab In Virtuo sont de permettre une meilleure élicitation des Connaissances liées à la sauvegarde de dispositifs techniques et la création de nouveaux types de scénarios de médiation. Le projet s’appuie sur les technologies de la Réalité Virtuelle et Augmentée.En effet, nous estimons que l’implication du corps favorise les fonctions cognitives, que ce soit dans la création ou l’acquisition de nouvelles connaissances. Lors de la phase de création des connaissances, la Réalité Virtuelle et Augmentée permet d’immerger le corps d’experts ou d’anciens utilisateurs dans une scène reconstituant l’objet d’étude. Nous considérons que cette situation permettra une meilleure élicitation des connaissances. Pour utiliser un tel système en tant qu’interface de création de connaissances, nous devons alors nous appuyer sur un langage suffisamment formel pour être traité automatiquement et pour stocker les informations créées. Lors de la phase de restitution des connaissances, durant un scénario de médiation, nous considérons également que l’utilisation de ces technologies amélioré l’acquisition de ces connaissances par l’utilisateur. Cela est dû non seulement à une meilleure implication des utilisateurs grâce aux nouvelles technologies, mais surtout à l’immersion de l’utilisateur dans un environnement reconstitué et à ses capacités ‘interaction avec le système, ce qui n’est pas possible dans la réalité. Le projet est financé par l’ANR, est toujours en cours et se terminera fin 2025. Nous allons présenter ici l’architecture et le flot de conception proposés ainsi que la mise en place d’une exposition permettant d’éxpérimenter nos méthodologies

    À Terre libérée : une dystopie glocale

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    International audienceAujourd’hui le retour à la terre est recherché comme une panacée qui nous délivrerait des maux de l’urbanité, de la pollution et de l’anthropocène. En s’immergeant dans la terre chacun espère encore aujourd’hui1 libérer la terre de l’exploitation de l’anthropocène trouverait dans les communs2 une nouvelle expérience durable. Elever3 en respectant les cycles de la nature est rendu complexe dans le contexte : la perturbation globale des cycles de la nature par la pollution et le changement climatique est plus important encore aujourd’hui mais existe déjà dans la critique au début du XXe siècle que nous décrivons ici. 4 Andruchiw A., 2025, Voir son assiette comme un outil de lutte, pour une déviandisation de nos usage (...)2Ce lien entre critique de l’industrialisation par l’anthropocène et recherche de solution contre le carnivorisme4 implique une « déviandisation » : celle-ci est moins une privation qu’une nouvelle économie végétaliste de la terre. La libération pourrait être globale par le renversement du capitalisme mais aussi, comme nous le démontrons ici, par une modification des modes de vie, de production, de l’habitat et d’alimentation.3Cette libération de la terre du modèle industriel la construction de colonie agricole alternative aura commencé dans les causes anarchistes. Plutôt que de détruire par la violence politique, nous cherchons ici à décrire la dystopie végétarienne de Terre Libérée. Puissions nous libérer la terre

    Yves Bonnefoy. "Que ce monde demeure !"

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    Federico Fellini

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    Un réexamen de l'affaire Lemonnier: le tir au canard, le Petit Train et "l'homme en rouge"

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    Earth's earliest known extensive, thick carbonate platform suggested by new age constraints

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    International audienceProterozoic and Phanerozoic carbonate platforms have provided considerable information on how the flora, fauna and water chemistry of warm, shallow seas evolved through time. This contrasts with the relative scarcity of Archean examples of these extensive repositories of biochemical and chemical sediments. Until now the late Neoarchean Campbellrand-Malmani and Hamersley carbonate platforms have provided the only examples of extensive, thick Archean carbonate deposits. Scattered outcrop areas of Mesoarchean carbonate, up to 400 m thick, are present in western Superior Province, but past geochronology has assigned significantly different ages to them. A reappraisal of previously dated felsic volcanic rocks as sandstones, combined with new U-Pb zircon geochronology conducted on intermediate to felsic tuffs, determined that four of these carbonate occurrences, now scattered over 2300 km2, were deposited between 2.87 Ga and 2.85 Ga. The realization that an extensive, thick carbonate platform, and deeper water chronostratigraphic equivalents (Slate Bay Assemblage), are probably present in this area provides a basis for future comprehensive studies of the relationships between the various types of depositional processes and compositions of seawater chemistry developed on and above the Mesoarchean seafloor

    The use of climate reanalysis data to understand historical storm impacts recorded in coastal environments with geomorphological methods

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    International audienceIn the current context of climate change, extreme coastal events are becoming a major environmental challenge. According to the latest findings from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), rising sea levels could ultimately displace 280 million people worldwide (Pörtner et al., 2019). With nearly 60% of the global population living within 150 km of the coast, as reported by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), coastal flooding poses a significant and ongoing threat to nearshore societies. While the influence of climate change on tropical cyclones is well-documented, its impact on extratropical storms remains uncertain (Masson-Delmotte et al., 2021). The IPCC has observed a poleward drift in extratropical storm trajectories over recent decades in both hemispheres but highlights the difficulty of assessing the future effects of rising greenhouse gas emissions on these storms (Wang et al., 2006). Currently, only the increase in associated precipitation is widely accepted by the scientific community (Semmler et al., 2004). Although European coastal extreme events are becoming more frequent due to global mean sea-level rise, the long-term climatological dynamics of storms affecting Europe remain poorly understood. To address this gap, historical storm records are essential. For instance, new digital approaches based on a 1996–2015 dataset have been applied to predict storm characteristics and occurrences in Western France (Frifra et al., 2024).To support these new digital methods, this study aims to improve the precision of historical storm archives using reanalysis data. Geomorphological methods, such as sedimentology and dendrochronology (Pouzet et al., 2018), have been used to understand short- and long-term storm variability in western France, supplemented by detailed written archives. These environmental methods extend storm chronologies back several decades or even centuries, providing greater temporal depth for predictive models. However, the accuracy of dating decreases with the age of the archives, increasing uncertainty for older records. To address this limitation, climate reanalysis data are used to improve dating precision and identify specific weather and/or marine parameters that played key roles in generating the environmental impacts recorded in geomorphological archives (Pouzet and Idier, 2024).This study explores the potential of reanalysis data to understand how historical storms have impacted coastal physical and societal environments. Using ERA5 ocean-atmosphere data (Hersback et al., 2020) provided by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), we present new methodologies to apprehend the evolution of historical storm activity in western Europe. These approaches are tested on major storms that impacted coastal environments during the XIXth and the XXth centuries, within the temporal scope of the ERA5 reanalysis data. The storm tracks of historical events that caused geomorphological marks detected in the environment are estimated based on their wind gust records. A spatial analysis model, utilizing GIS techniques, is employed to understand the overall extent of the most intense winds per storm. This model helps identify potential physical and societal impacts of historical storms and refines historical spatial storm parameters, including their precise “impact trajectories”. Additionally, we present new methods to detect the specific ocean-atmospheric parameters that induced geomorphological imprints on coastal environments and impacted nearshore societies. Our findings indicate that wave height is one of the main oceanographic parameters explaining marine impacts along the coastline, while maximum wind gusts play a key role in storm impacts inland.This study demonstrates that climatic reanalysis data are essential for understanding historical storm dynamics recorded during the reanalysis timespan, reducing dating uncertainties, and confirming the hazardousness of these storms in relation to current coastal issues. Combining reanalysis data with geomorphological archives is crucial, as environmental dating remains subject to significant error margins. In future research, extending climatic reanalysis datasets to earlier periods could provide critical insights for interpreting geomorphological data, as sedimentological and dendrochronological archives now offer storm records spanning millennia. By obtaining more accurate and ancient historical data through these methods, future models will be able to make precise predictions in the context of ongoing climate change. Given the high uncertainty surrounding extratropical storm dynamics, this research addresses a major contemporary issue

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    HAL-Université de Bretagne Occidentale is based in France
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