Permutations based model for business performance

International audienceThis article is devoted to the development of a machine learning statistical framework to drive company's objectives. To this end, their sales data are used to target efficiently the issues or opportunities by a ranking. We implement a permutation based model using generalized Mallows models dealing with quantitative values, considering that a ranking is a permutation. The advantage of the generalized version is the possibility to differentiate the cost to move each element in the permutation. In our model, we differentiate the cost of an inversion in the permutation by using the gap value between the two elements. We propose model parameters estimators and we illustrate our estimation procedure on simulated data and on a real application

Unravelling individual rhythmic abilities using machine learning

International audienceHumans can easily extract the rhythm of a complex sound, like music, and move to its regular beat, for example in dance. These abilities are modulated by musical training and vary significantly in untrained individuals. The causes of this variability are multidimensional and typically hard to grasp with single tasks. To date we lack a comprehensive model capturing the rhythmic fingerprints of both musicians and non-musicians. Here we harnessed machine learning to extract a parsimonious model of rhythmic abilities, based on the behavioral testing (with perceptual and motor tasks) of individuals with and without formal musical training ( n = 79). We demonstrate that the variability of rhythmic abilities, and their link with formal and informal music experience, can be successfully captured by profiles including a minimal set of behavioral measures. These profiles can shed light on individual variability in healthy and clinical populations, and provide guidelines for personalizing rhythm-based interventions

Root distributions in Moebius-Kantor complexes

We study the distribution of roots of rank 2 in nonpositively curved 2-complexes with Moebius--Kantor links. For every face in such a complex, the parity of the number of roots of rank 2 in a neighbourhood of the face is a well-defined geometric invariant determined by the root distribution. We study the relation between the root distribution and the parity distribution. We prove that there exist parity distributions in flats which are disallowed in Moebius--Kantor complexes. This contrasts with the fact that every root distribution can be realized. We classify the root distributions associated with an even parity distribution (i.e., such that every face is even) on a flat plane. We prove that there exists up to isomorphism a unique even simply connected Moebius--Kantor complex -- namely, the Pauli complex

A methodological framework for capturing marine small-scale fisheries' contributions to the sustainable development goals

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Contribution à l’étude des pratiques de transition individuellesécologiques et sociétales

This dissertation provides a summary of our research work, the vast majority of which focuses on the issues of behavioural change and supporting individuals through transitions. The common thread running through the research presented is an approach to consumer behaviour that places it in the wider context of the social practices to which it belongs. In other words, this dissertation focuses on the study of 'individual transition practices'. Transitions are understood as profound and lasting transformations in the structures, culture and practices of organisations and individuals, in the context of the ecological crisis of the 21st century, with a view to fighting and/or adapting to this situation. In order to contextualise the term transition, which remains very general, since it describes the passage from one state to another, we have added the terms ecological and societal.Individual transition practices therefore correspond to new practices or adjustments to existing practices aimed at fighting or adapting to the environmental crisis resulting from the Anthropocene. The contributions presented focus mainly on the energy and food transitions.Following an introduction to the concepts of transition and social practices, and the implications and links that this subject of study has with our choice of epistemological stance, we discuss the results and contributions of our research, whether theoretical, methodological or managerial. The final part of the dissertation is devoted to the coming years, in the form of a research agenda, our initial experiences of working with doctoral students, and our thoughts on preparing the next generation for the transition.Ce mémoire propose une synthèse de nos travaux de recherche dont la très grande majorité porte sur les problématiques de changement comportemental et d’accompagnement des individus aux transitions. Le fil rouge des recherches présentées réside dans une approche des comportements de consommation replacés dans le contexte, plus large, des pratiques auxquels ils participent. Dit autrement, ce mémoire porte sur l’étude des « pratiques de transition individuelles ». Les transitions sont entendues comme des transformations profondes et durables des structures, de la culture et des pratiques des organisations et des individus, dans le contexte de la crise écologique du 21ème siècle, en vue de la lutte et/ou de l’adaptation à cette situation. Afin de contextualiser le terme de transition, qui reste très général, puisqu’il décrit le passage d’un état à un autre, nous lui adjoignons les termes d’écologique et de sociétal.Les pratiques de transition individuelles correspondent donc aux nouvelles pratiques ou aux ajustements de pratiques qui ont pour objectif la lutte ou l’adaptation à la crise environnementale, fruit de l’anthropocène. Les contributions présentées portent principalement sur les transitions énergétique et alimentaire.Après une introduction des concepts de transition, de pratiques sociales et des implications et liens que ce sujet d’étude entretient avec le choix de notre posture épistémologique, nous abordons les résultats et contributions de nos recherches, aussi bien théoriques, que méthodologiques ou managériales. La dernière partie du mémoire est consacré à l’avenir, sous la forme d’un agenda de recherche, de retours relatifs à nos premières expériences en matière d’enseignement doctoral, ainsi que de réflexions en matière de préparation des nouvelles générations aux transitions

A coupling of stationary navier-stokes equations for two fluids with non-linear interface condition

We study a coupled system of two Navier-Stokes equations with a non-linear friction condition at the interface between the two fluids. In a first part, we prove the existence of weak solutions in the proper functional spaces. To do that, we use a potential vector method to get the pressure as a function of the velocity, which allows us to obtain error estimates and to conclude using a fixed point argument. In a second part we develop a numerical finite elements iterative method which leads us to error estimates and numerical simulations with Freefem++ for different sets of data

Extending the Scope of the C -Functionalization of Cyclam via Copper(I)-Catalyzed Alkyne–Azide Cycloaddition to Bifunctional Chelators of Interest

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Les tracances ou la dimension touristique des nouvelles formes de travail

International audienceFusing the terms 'work' and 'vacation,' two concepts that are seemingly incompatible, the neologism 'workations' refers to the practice of engaging in professional activities outside of one's primary place of work and residence, often in a tourist environment. Regarded as temporary residential mobilities and facilitated by the current context of increased flexibility and digitalization of work, they result in new professional modalities that contribute to a pronounced dissolution of traditional boundaries between the spaces and times allocated to private and public spheres.Fusion des termes « travail » et « vacances », deux concepts a priori inconciliables, le néologisme « tracances » (en anglais workations) fait référence à la pratique consistant à exercer une activité professionnelle en dehors du lieu de travail et de résidence principales, souvent dans un environnement touristique. Considérées comme des mobilités résidentielles tempo- raires1 et facilitées par le contexte actuel de flexibilisation et de numérisation accrues du travail, elles se traduisent par de nouvelles modalités professionnelles qui contribuent à une dissolution prononcée des frontières traditionnelles entre les espaces et les temps dévolus aux sphères privée et publique

Gothic tales of savage domesticity: In the House in the Dark of the Wood

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Author Correction: Fungal Colonization of the Airways of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis: The Role of the Environmental Reservoirs

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