INFLUENCE OF THE NUMBER OF PASSES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ON PENETRATION RESISTANCE AND THE DEGREE OF SOIL COMPACTION

In the context of the ongoing development of mechanized agriculture, which implies the use of heavy agricultural machinery, often on soils with high moisture content, it increased significantly the risk of soil compaction. Compaction has become a problem of major proportions especially to farmers, because this phenomenon causes environmental damage, and affects soil quality and crop production. Penetration resistance is a valuable and easy to determine indicator of the degree of compaction of agricultural soil. In this paper are presented the results of some experimental research conducted to determine the penetration resistance of a plot of clover, under the influence of the number of passes of a tractor, in order to assess, from an qualitative point of view, the degree of soil compaction

FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ACTIVE SUSPENSION SYSTEMS FOR AGRICULTURAL TRACTORS

Suspension systems are generally used to improve the comfort degree and todiminish or totally avoid injuries caused to drivers (and passengers) when the vehicle is moving on a regular road, usually having irregularities. Some other important functions of the suspension system of one vehicle are to provide driving stability, to maintain a permanent contact between vehicle and road surface, to protect the road surface from damages caused by excessive pressure forces of tires. Active suspension systems are in fact modern closed loop control systems that use all the elements of an automated system: electronic regulator, driving electro-actuators, electronic transducers and signal conditioning devices. Active suspension systems can be programmed to work as passive (classic) suspension systems, but the main goal is to achieve better comfort and improved overall handling of one vehicle at same time

THEORETICAL RESEARCHES ON THE FORCES AND STRESSES IN COUPLING DEVICES - REVIEW

This paper presents a synthesis of theoretical researches carried out in Romania and worldwide on forces and stresses in coupling devices.

RESEARCH ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CONSERVATIVE TECHNOLOGY, USING OPTIMIZED ACTIVE BODIES FOR SOIL TILLAGE

Conservative agriculture has grown particularly in developed countries over the past20 years, due to intensive use of soils to obtain higher yields, by means of the processing works, maintenance, herbicides, etc. (even several times during a year), which in time led to the degradation and destruction of the structure and properties of soils. In this context, this paper presents the research conducted in order to develop a conservative technology based on optimized active bodies for soil tillage, to be mounted on a complex aggregate, in order to reduce wear, deformation and increase its lifetime

THEORETICAL RESEARCH ON THE WORKING PROCESS OF COMPLEX AGGREGATES FOR SOIL TILLAGE - REVIEW

The paper presents a summary of theoretical research developed in the country, related to the design and optimization of complex aggregates for soil processing and the improvement of their quality indices of work

STATE OF THE ART REGARDING CONSERVATIVE TILLAGE TECHNOLOGIES

Following the expansion of soil degradation processes due to conventional agriculture and technological mistakes, over the years, the so-called conservative agricultural technologies have been studied and implemented in practice. These technologies have contributed substantially to the improvement of soil fertility and productivity and, thus, of other environmental resources. The most important component of conservation technological systems, as in the case of conventional ones, is soil tillage – loosening and processing – and the introduction of seed into the soil. Switching from conventional tillage systems to the conservative ones was not easy and generated a lot of questions that needed relevant answers, scientifically based, some of them being obtained through fundamental and applied research carried out under local specific conditions. Conservative systems are based on the less intense loosening of soil, made by different methods, without furrow return and only while maintaining a given amount of crop residues on soil surface, is being considered for this reason as environmental protection strategies. In this paper is presented an analysis of the state of research on the implementation in agriculture of conservative tillage technologies and the technical-economic and environmental impacts of applying these conservative technologies. Also, there are presented the most advanced research on optimal construction of equipment for soil processing in conservation system

Science and technology roadmap for graphene, related two-dimensional crystals, and hybrid systems

We present the science and technology roadmap for graphene, related two-dimensional crystals, and hybrid systems, targeting an evolution in technology, that might lead to impacts and benefits reaching into most areas of society. This roadmap was developed within the framework of the European Graphene Flagship and outlines the main targets and research areas as best understood at the start of this ambitious project. We provide an overview of the key aspects of graphene and related materials (GRMs), ranging from fundamental research challenges to a variety of applications in a large number of sectors, highlighting the steps necessary to take GRMs from a state of raw potential to a point where they might revolutionize multiple industries. We also define an extensive list of acronyms in an effort to standardize the nomenclature in this emerging field