10,326 research outputs found
Improving the spatial resolution by effective subtraction technique at Irkutsk incoherent scatter radar: the theory and experiment
We describe a sounding technique that allows us to improve spatial resolution
of Irkutsk Incoherent Scatter Radar without loosing spectral resolution. The
technique is based on transmitting of rectangle pulses of different duration in
various sounding runs and subtracting correlation matrixes. Theoretically and
experimentally we have shown, that subtraction of the mean-square parameters of
the scattered signal for different kinds of the sounding signal one from
another allows us to solve the problem within the framework of quasi-static
ionospheric parameters approximation.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear at URSI-2011 conferenc
Cranesbill Tr. v. Wells Fargo Bank, 136 Nev. Adv. Op. 8 (March 5, 2020)
The Court determined that homeowners may cure defaults as to superpriority portions of HOA liens much like first deed of trust holders; however, failure to explicitly or implicitly direct allocation of payments by either debtors or creditors requires court intervention to decide what is “just and equitable.
Disjunctive form and the modal alternation hierarchy
This paper studies the relationship between disjunctive form, a syntactic
normal form for the modal mu calculus, and the alternation hierarchy. First it
shows that all disjunctive formulas which have equivalent tableau have the same
syntactic alternation depth. However, tableau equivalence only preserves
alternation depth for the disjunctive fragment: there are disjunctive formulas
with arbitrarily high alternation depth that are tableau equivalent to
alternation-free non-disjunctive formulas. Conversely, there are
non-disjunctive formulas of arbitrarily high alternation depth that are tableau
equivalent to disjunctive formulas without alternations. This answers
negatively the so far open question of whether disjunctive form preserves
alternation depth. The classes of formulas studied here illustrate a previously
undocumented type of avoidable syntactic complexity which may contribute to our
understanding of why deciding the alternation hierarchy is still an open
problem.Comment: In Proceedings FICS 2015, arXiv:1509.0282
Potato late blight - fatal threat in organic potato production
Improved potato late blight management is crucial for the continuity of organic potato production. Two major changes in cultural practises are necessary: more diverse crop rotation with at least 4 years between consecutive potato crops and optimising nitrogen fertilisation according to the needs of the crop
Oospores of Phytophthora infestans in soil provide an important new source of primary inoculum in Finland
There have been numerous indications since the 1990s that oospore-derived primary infections play an increasing role in the epidemiology of potato late blight. The aim of this study was to verify that oosporederived epidemics actually occur in Finland. For this purpose, 20 suspected foci of oospore-derived potato late blight were scouted in 2000–2002. All of these were located in fi elds in which late blight had been observed in at least one of the four previous years. Primary symptoms in these foci occurred always on the lowest leaves near or touching the ground. Leafl ets typically showing numerous primary infections or lesions were in direct contact with the soil. In the former, oospores were observed after incubation. Soil samples from two experimental fi elds, marked by severe epidemics in most years during the last decade, caused infections in a bioassay. Both mating types were on every occasion present in groups of single lesion isolates collected from foci and the bioassay. Oospores survived over the winter, as shown by soil samples taken during the spring that infected potato leafl ets in the bioassay. The results presented indicate that oospore-derived epidemics occur in Finland. This paper also discusses the role of oospores in causing blight epidemics in Finland compared to more southern countries
Spectroscopy of diffuse light in dust clouds. Scattered light and the solar neighbourhood radiation field
The optical surface brightness of dark nebulae is mainly due to scattering of
integrated starlight by classical dust grains. It contains information on the
impinging interstellar radiation field, cloud structure, and grain scattering
properties. We have obtained spectra of the scattered light from 3500 to 9000
Angstrom in two globules, the Thumbprint Nebula and DC303.8-14.2.
We use observations of the scattered light to study the impinging integrated
starlight spectrum as well as the scattered H-alpha and other line emissions
from all over the sky. We search also for the presence of other than scattered
light in the two globules.
We obtained long-slit spectra encompassing the whole globule plus adjacent
sky in a one-slit setting, thus enabling efficient elimination of airglow and
other foreground sky components. We calculated synthetic integrated starlight
spectra for the solar neighbourhood using HIPPARCOS-based stellar distributions
and the spectral library of Pickles.
Spectra are presented separately for the bright rims and dark cores of the
globules. The continuum spectral energy distributions and absorption line
spectra can be well modelled with the synthetic integrated starlight spectra.
Emission lines of H-alpha + NII, H-beta, and SII are detected and are
interpreted in terms of scattered light plus an in situ warm ionized medium
component behind the globules. We detected an excess of emission over the
wavelength range 5200-8000 Angstrom in DC303.8-14.2 but the nature of this
emission remains open
Temporal and Spectral Properties of Gamma-Ray Flashes
The temporal and spectral properties of terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs)
are studied. The delay of low energy photons relative to high energy ones in
the gamma-ray variations of the TGFs with high signal to noise ratio has been
revealed by an approach of correlation analysis in the time domain on different
time scales. The temporal structures of the TGFs in high energy band are
usually narrower than that in low energy band. The spectral hardness has a
general trend of decreasing with time in a flash. The observed temporal and
spectral characteristics give constraints and valuable hints on the flash
production mechanism.Comment: accepted for publication in GRL (7 pages, 3 figures
The Lean Concept in the Food Industry: A Case Study of Contract a Manufacturer
The paper discusses how the lean concept could be applied to a food-manufacturing company. The paper first presents the lean concept and value-stream mapping tools. The empirical section discusses how a case company, operating as a contract manufacturer in the food industry, has applied the lean production concept and tools. In the case study, three analysis tools are examined and the structures of demand chains of different customers are presented. The delivery times will decrease and more flexibility will be needed from the contract manufacturer. The case study shows that much movement is possible toward the lean supply chain and partnership-based cooperation. By implementing the lean concept, food companies can increase customer value through cost reduction or through provision of additional value-enhanced services.Agribusiness,
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