Optimization of times and costs of project of horizontal laminator production using PERT/CPM technical

The PERT/CPM is a technique widely used in both the scheduling and in the project feasibility in terms of cost control and time.  In order to optimize time and costs involved in production, the work presented here aims to apply the PERT/CPM technique in the production project of the Horizontal Laminator, a machine used to cut polyurethane foam blocks in the mattresses industries. For the application of PERT/CPM technique in the project of Horizontal Laminator production were identified the activities that compose the project, the dependence between them, the normal and accelerated durations and the normal and accelerated costs. In this study, deterministic estimates for the duration of the activities were considered. The results show that the project can be completed in 520 hours at a total cost of R$7,042.50, when all activities are performed in their normal durations.  When all the activities that compose the critical path are accelerated, the project can be completed in 333.3 hours at a total cost of R$9,263.01. If the activities slacks have been exploited, it can obtain a final total cost of R$6,157.8, without changing the new duration of the project. It is noteworthy that the final total cost of the project if the slacks are used, will be lower than the initial cost. Regarding the initial cost of the project, after the application of the PERT/CPM technique, it presents a decrease of 12.56% of the total project cost

Teste de Consumidores e Análise de Aparência, Sabores e Cores para o Desenvolvimento de Novos Produtos: o case do Projeto de Broinhas de Milho Saboreadas

Do ponto de vista de mercado, um produto é aquilo que o consumidor percebe como capaz de satisfazer uma necessidade material. Assim, a noção de novo varia conforme o critério que se utiliza na diferenciação do produto em relação aos seus concorrentes, pois, mesmo sem que haja algo técnico e objetivamente novo o produto pode ser percebido como tal pelo consumidor. Neste artigo, a análise do Desenvolvimento de Novos Produtos é voltada para a área alimentícia, onde o produto analisado inclui-se na área dos congelados, sendo ele Broinhas de Milho Saboreadas. Para o desenvolvimento deste, manteve-se o foco em alguns requisitos básicos, como: cor; sabor, e; aparência. O método de procedimento foi o hipotético-dedutivo. A revisão de literatura foi realizada no nos portais Scielo e Capes. Para analisa-lo, foi feito o Teste de Consumidores. Neste teste, o produto foi degustado e depois avaliado através de um questionário. Diante disso, pode-se observar que o ponto forte das Broinhas de Milho Saboreadas são a aparência e o sabor, onde a cor deve ser aprimorada. Como pesquisas futuras aconselha-se a aplicação desta análise para outros desenvolvimentos de novos produtos alimentícios

Policy and Practice in Language Support for Newly Arrived Migrant Children in Ireland and Spain

To cite this article: Rosa M Rodríguez-Izquierdo & Merike Darmody (2017): Policy and Practice in Language Support for Newly Arrived Migrant Children in Ireland and Spain, British Journal of Educational Studies, DOI: 10.1080/00071005.2017.1417973Over the last decades migration across Europe has continued to increase. Consequently, the issue of offering appropriate educational support for migrant students has been extensively debated across Europe and further afield, especially in countries with a history of immigration. However, less is known about how education systems in the ¿new¿ immigration countries have responded to the needs of newly arrived migrants (NAMs). While various research and policy documents have highlighted the importance of proficiency in the language of instruction for social and academic outcomes of migrant children and youth: how language support is provided varies significantly from one jurisdiction to another. This article focuses on language support measures set up for migrant students in statefunded schools in the Republic of Ireland and Spain ¿ both multilingual countries with more than one official language and with heterogeneous migrant population. In both countries, there is also a mismatch between an increasingly diverse student cohort and a homogenous teacher population.. Reviewing educational policy and practice in these jurisdictions in the areas of language support for migrants and how diversity is addressed in initial teacher education, the paper seeks to contribute to the debate on how to address the needs of migrant students in multi-lingual settings.Educación y Psicología SocialPreprin

Optimization of times and costs of project of horizontal laminator production using PERT/CPM technical

The PERT/CPM is a technique widely used in both the scheduling and in the project feasibility in terms of cost control and time.  In order to optimize time and costs involved in production, the work presented here aims to apply the PERT/CPM technique in the production project of the Horizontal Laminator, a machine used to cut polyurethane foam blocks in the mattresses industries. For the application of PERT/CPM technique in the project of Horizontal Laminator production were identified the activities that compose the project, the dependence between them, the normal and accelerated durations and the normal and accelerated costs. In this study, deterministic estimates for the duration of the activities were considered. The results show that the project can be completed in 520 hours at a total cost of R$7,042.50, when all activities are performed in their normal durations.  When all the activities that compose the critical path are accelerated, the project can be completed in 333.3 hours at a total cost of R$9,263.01. If the activities slacks have been exploited, it can obtain a final total cost of R$6,157.8, without changing the new duration of the project. It is noteworthy that the final total cost of the project if the slacks are used, will be lower than the initial cost. Regarding the initial cost of the project, after the application of the PERT/CPM technique, it presents a decrease of 12.56% of the total project cost

Remote Sensing Analysis of Vegetation Recovery following Short-Interval Fires in Southern California Shrublands

Increased fire frequency has been shown to promote alien plant invasions in the western United States, resulting in persistent vegetation type change. Short interval fires are widely considered to be detrimental to reestablishment of shrub species in southern California chaparral, facilitating the invasion of exotic annuals and producing "type conversion". However, supporting evidence for type conversion has largely been at local, site scales and over short post-fire time scales. Type conversion has not been shown to be persistent or widespread in chaparral, and past range improvement studies present evidence that chaparral type conversion may be difficult and a relatively rare phenomenon across the landscape. With the aid of remote sensing data covering coastal southern California and a historical wildfire dataset, the effects of short interval fires (<8 years) on chaparral recovery were evaluated by comparing areas that burned twice to adjacent areas burned only once. Twelve pairs of once- and twice-burned areas were compared using normalized burn ratio (NBR) distributions. Correlations between measures of recovery and explanatory factors (fire history, climate and elevation) were analyzed by linear regression. Reduced vegetation cover was found in some lower elevation areas that were burned twice in short interval fires, where non-sprouting species are more common. However, extensive type conversion of chaparral to grassland was not evident in this study. Most variables, with the exception of elevation, were moderately or poorly correlated with differences in vegetation recovery