23,128 research outputs found
Non-Abelian Monopoles, Vortices and Confinement
Three closely related issues will be discussed. Magnetic quarks having
non-Abelian charges have been found recently to appear as the dominant infrared
degrees of freedom in some vacua of softly broken N=2 supersymmetric QCD with
SU(n_c) gauge group. Their condensation upon N=1 perturbation causes
confinement and dynamical symmetry breaking. We argue that these magnetic
quarks can be naturally related to the semiclassical non-Abelian monopoles of
the type first discussed by Goddard, Nuyts, Olive and E. Weinberg. We discuss
also general properties of non-Abelian vortices and discuss their relevance to
the confinement in QCD. Finally, calculation by Douglas and Shenker of the
tension ratios for vortices of different N-alities in the softly broken N=2
supersymmetric SU(N) Yang-Mills theory, is carried to the second order in the
adjoint multiplet mass. A correction to the ratios violating the sine formula
is found, showing that the latter is not a universal quantity.Comment: Latex 19 pages, 3 figures, Talk at Continuous Advance in QCD (Arkady
Fest), Minneapolis, May 200
Non-Abelian Superconductors - Lessons from Supersymmetric Gauge Theories for QCD
Much about the confinement and dynamical symmetry breaking in QCD might be
learned from models with supersymmetry. In particular, models based on N=2
supersymmetric theories with gauge groups SU(N), SO(N) and and with
various number of flavors, give deep dynamical hints about these phenomena. For
instance, the BPS non-abelian monopoles can become the dominant degrees of
freedom in the infrared due to quantum effects. Upon condensation (which can be
triggered in these class of models by perturbing them with an adjoint scalar
mass) they induce confinement with calculable pattern of dynamical symmetry
breaking. This may occur either in a weakly interacting regime or in a strongly
coupled regime (in the latter, often the low-energy degrees of freedom contain
relatively non-local monopoles and dyons simultaneously and the system is near
a nontrivial fixed-point).
Also, the existence of sytems with BPS {\it non-abelian vortices} has been
shown recently. These results point toward the idea that the ground state of
QCD is a sort of dual superconductor of non-abelian variety.Comment: Latex file, 11 eps figures, Talk at the "Confinement 2003", Riken,
Tokyo, July 200
Quantum Nonabelian Monopoles
We discuss quantum mechanical and topological aspects of nonabelian
monopoles. Related recent results on nonabelian vortices are also mentioned.Comment: Latex 13 pages, 2 figures, Talk at "Continuous Advances in QCD 2004",
Univ. Minnesota, May 200
Appropriate Methodology of Statistical Tests According to Prior Probability and Required Objectivity
In contrast to its common definition and calculation, interpretation of
p-values diverges among statisticians. Since p-value is the basis of various
methodologies, this divergence has led to a variety of test methodologies and
evaluations of test results. This chaotic situation has complicated the
application of tests and decision processes. Here, the origin of the divergence
is found in the prior probability of the test. Effects of difference in Pr(H0 =
true) on the character of p-values are investigated by comparing real
microarray data and its artificial imitations as subjects of Student's t-tests.
Also, the importance of the prior probability is discussed in terms of the
applicability of Bayesian approaches. Suitable methodology is found in
accordance with the prior probability and purpose of the test.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures, and 1 tabl
Who Confines Quarks? - On Non-Abelian Monopoles and Dynamics of Confinement
The role non-Abelian magnetic monopoles play in the dynamics of confinement
is discussed by examining carefully a class of supersymmetric gauge theories as
theoretical laboratories. In particular, in the so-called -vacua of softly
broken supersymmmetric QCD, the Goddard-Olive-Nuyts-Weinberg
monopoles appear as the dominant low-energy effective degrees of freedom. Even
more interesting is the physics of confining vacua which are deformations of
nontrivial superconformal theories. We argue that in such cases, occurring in
the vacua of theories or in all of confining vacua
of or theories with massless flavors, a new mechanism of
confinement involving strongly interacting non-Abelian magnetic monopoles is at
work.Comment: Latex 19 pages, 8 eps figures, uses ws-procs9x6.cls, Talk at SCGT
(Nagoya, Nov. 2002) and at Institute of Physics Meeting (London, Feb. 2003
Confinement via strongly-coupled non-Abelian monopoles
New types of confinement phase emerge as singular SCFT's appearing as
infrared-fixed-points of N=2 supersymmetric QCD (SQCD) are perturbed by an N=1
adjoint mass term. Based on a recent remarkable work on infrared-fixed-point
SCFT of highest criticalities by Gaiotto, Seiberg and Tachikawa, we discuss
physics of certain confining systems in SU(N), USp(2N) or SO(N) gauge theories.
These show features different from a straightforward dual superconductivity
picture of confinement a' la 't Hooft and Mandelstam, which might suggest a new
venue in exploring the quark confinement mechanism in the real-world QCD.Comment: Latex 17 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1301.042
- …