Restructuring Seconday Social Studies: Results of the Humanities Project at Greece Athena High School

From Problem: A widely held belief is that American students are not learning enough to compete in today\u27s world. This belief was enhanced in April of 1983, when the report A Nation at Risk was released by the National Commission on Excellence in Education. The results caught much of the United States off guard. One quote from the report said the educational foundations of our society are presently being eroded by a rising mediocrity that threatens our very future as a Nation and a people. (p. 1) The alarm is still ringing, because results of recent studies are not showing significant improvements. One such report came from the Digest of Education Statistics in 1992 which compared S.A.T. scores. The average scores for 1980-81 were 424 in Verbal and 466 in Math. The scores for 1990-91 were 422 in Verbal and 474 in Math. (cited in Wilk From risk 1993) Recent findings also show a lack of knowledge in the field of Social Studies. In September 1987, researchers Diane Ravitch and Chester Finn reported, American 17 year-olds display a \u27shameful\u27 knowledge of U.S. history and literature (cited in Wilk, From risk 1993, p. S9) In January of 1989, The Joint Council on Economic Education reported, American students have a weak grasp of basic economic concepts (cited in Wilk, From risk 1993, p. S9) The National Assessment of Educational Progress announced in February of 1990, high school seniors had critical shortcomings in geography. (cited in Wilk, From risk 1993) Another report from the National Assessment of Educational Progress, two months later, revealed U.S. students only showed a limited understanding of important concepts in U.S. history. (cited in Wilk, From risk 1993) These studies and others that show similar results, have led to a call for change in Social Studies instruction and the structure of American schools in general

Ecological Discomforts and How to Study Them

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