DNA Computation Based Approach for Enhanced Computing Power

DNA computing is a discipline that aims at harnessing individual molecules at the nano-scopic level for computational purposes. Computation with DNA molecules possesses an inherent interest for researchers in computers and biology. Given its vast parallelism and high-density storage, DNA computing approaches are employed to solve many problems. DNA has also been explored as an excellent material and a fundamental building block for building large-scale nanostructures, constructing individual nano-mechanical devices, and performing computations. Molecular-scale autonomous programmable computers are demonstrated allowing both input and output information to be in molecular form. This paper presents a review of recent advancements in DNA computing and presents major achievements and challenges for researchers in the coming future

Gender Discrimination and Job Satisfaction

This article defines the relationship between two factors and its impact by examining the effect of Gender discrimination in the work place which influences the job performance and job satisfaction in individuals(i.e.; hiring, promotion, salary, control/ autonomy/ influence, challenge, performance measures, feed back, in strumentality, stability/security). The data is collected through quantitative method. The sample of thestudy consisted of 500 employees working in different bank in Islamabad and Wahcantt (Pakistan) through the questionnaire, of which 300 were returned and processed. R was used to analysis the data, using independent T-Test, and excel, Correlation and Multi-regression analysis. There is a significant prove, gender discrimination has an influence on Job satisfaction and job performance and stability of individuals. From findings of the study, it is also depicted that male and female have significantly different level of job satisfaction

Structural modelling of cost overrun factors in construction industry

Construction industry contributes significantly in improving socio-economic growth of a country. However, this industry usually faces chronic problems such as time overrun, cost overrun, poor quality and others. Of all these, cost overrun is a major problem that occurs globally including Malaysia. Cost overrun is resulted from various factors which are essential to identify for improving cost performance in construction project. Hence, this study focused on identifying and modelling the factors of cost overrun for construction projects in Malaysia. Data collection was done through structured questionnaire, which was designed based on 78 factors found from the literature. Qualitative pilot study was done based on the opinions of 15 experts in the construction industry to improve the questionnaire by reducing the factors to 58. The questionnaire survey was carried out among clients, consultants and contractors. A total of 231 questionnaires were collected of which 213 responses were found valid. Partial Least Square Structural Equation (PLS-SEM) model was developed based on 8 categories/constructs generated through factor analysis test and found that Global Fit Index (GOF) of the model to be 0.37. The findings from the model indicate that all the 8 categories have significant effect on the cost overrun. The most significant category is contractor's site management related issues with path co-efficient value of 0.448. The developed model was validated statistically (using power analysis and predictive relevancy) and through interviewing 21 experienced practitioners. Statistical validation tests showed that the developed model had achieved substantial power in explaining cost overrun problem. All the experts agreed with the factors and also categories of the model have significant impact to cost overrun