A Layer Correlation Technique for Pion Energy Calibration at the 2004 ATLAS Combined Beam Test

A new method for calibrating the hadron response of a segmented calorimeter is developed. It is based on a principal component analysis of the calorimeter layer energy deposits, exploiting longitudinal shower development information to improve the measured energy resolution. Corrections for invisible hadronic energy and energy lost in dead material in front of and between the ATLAS calorimeters were calculated with simulated Geant4 Monte Carlo events and used to reconstruct the energy of pions impinging on the calorimeters during the 2004 Barrel Combined Beam Test at the CERN H8 area. For pion beams with energies between 20 and 180 GeV, the particle energy is reconstructed within 3% and the energy resolution is improved by about 20% compared to the electromagnetic scale.Comment: 7 pages, 12 figures. Submitted to the Conference Record of the 2009 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (Orlando, Florida, USA

Core and Bargaining Set of Shortest Path Games

In this paper it is shown that the core and the bargaining sets of Davis-Maschler and Zhou coincide in a class of shortest path games.Shortest path games; core; bargaining set

The DoD Law of War Manual and its Critics: Some Observations

The U.S. Department of Defense’s (DoD) new Law of War Manual has generated serious debate about its treatment of a variety of issues including human shields, the status of journalists, cyber operations, the precautions to be taken prior to attacks and even the role of honor in war. Although this article does not purport to be a comprehensive response to every critique of the Manual and, indeed, cites opportunities for its improvement, it nevertheless concludes that on balance the Manual provides an excellent, comprehensive and much-needed statement of DoD’s view of the lex lata of the law of war

A Minimal Test for Convex Games and the Shapley Value

A set of necessary and sufficient conditions for convexity of a transferable utility game in terms of its decomposition into unanimity games is shown to be minimal: none of the conditions is redundant. The result is used to provide an axiomatization of the Shapley value on the set of convex games.Convex game; unanimity game; Shapley value; axiomatization

Pastoralism – Managing Multiple Stressors and the Threat of Climate Variability and Change

human development, climate change

Monotonic Allocation Schemes in Clan Games

Total clan games are characterized using monotonicity, veto power of the clan members, and a concavity condition reflecting the decreasing marginal contribution of non-clan members to growing coalitions.This decreasing marginal contribution is incorporated in the notion of a bi-monotonic allocation scheme, where the value of each coalition is divided over its members in such a way that the clan members receive a higher, and the non-clan members a lower share as the coalitions grow larger.Each core element of a total clan game can be extended to both a population monotonic and a bi-monotonic allocation scheme.In total clan games where the clan consists of a single member (the so-called big boss) the use of the nucleolus as an allocation mechanism gives rise to a bi-monotonic allocation scheme.cooperative games;population monotonic allocation scheme;bi-monotonic allocation scheme;clan games;big boss games