Spatiotemporal evolution of radio wave pump-induced ionospheric phenomena near the fourth electron gyroharmonic

On 12 November 2001, the European Incoherent Scatter (EISCAT) high-frequency (HF) radio wave transmitter facility, operating in O-mode at 5.423 MHz with 550 MW effective radiated power, produced artificial optical rings which appeared immediately at transmitter turn-on and collapsed into blobs after ∼60 s while descending in altitude. A similar descent in altitude was observed in the EISCAT ultra high frequency (UHF) ion line enhancements. Likewise, the stimulated electromagnetic emission (SEE) spectra changed as the pump frequency approached the fourth electron gyroharmonic due to pump-induced variations in electron concentration. Optical recordings were made from Skibotn at 630.0 and 557.7 nm and from Ramfjord in white light. The altitude of the initial optical ring and steady state blob has been estimated by triangulation. The evolution in altitude of the optical emissions, ion line enhancements, and SEE spectra all show a similar morphology but are generally not at exactly the same height. Typically, the optical height is close to and a few kilometers below that of the radar backscatter but sometimes above it, both of which are above the SEE generation altitude. There is evidence that upper hybrid (UH) waves, which propagate perpendicular to the magnetic field line, and Langmuir (L) waves, which propagate parallel to the magnetic field line, act simultaneously to accelerate electrons even in the steady state

Superfosfaatin käytöstä karjanlannan seassa

vokKirjasto Aj-kUse of superphosphate with farm manur

Tuholaistarkkailu kannattaa puutarhayrityksessä

Tuholaistarkkailulla on merkittävä asema puutarhayrityksen tuotannon kehittämisessä. Tarkkailun avulla voidaan optimoida kasvinsuojelutoimenpiteet. Tiiviin tarkkailun myötä voidaan luopua varman päälle tehtävistä kasvinsuojelutoimista. Näin saadaan aikaan todellisia säästöjä, niin kukkaroa kuin luontoakin ajatellen.vo

The Effect of Violent Video Games on Aggression

Mentors: Olga Lazareva and Martin AcerboIn the past, extensive research has been conducted on immersive platform-based video games. However, research has not yet examined Flash-based video games that are generally less immersive and available to a more diverse audience. This study examines the level of aggression by testing stress of participants after playing one of three video games: Tetris, Tank Blitz, and Highway Pursuit 2. Measures used to assess stress include an implicit measure of aggression, the Word Completion Task; an explicit measure of aggression, the Buss-Perry Scale of aggression; and a physiological measure of aggression, a concentration of cortisol in saliva samples (Anderson et al., 2004; Buss & Perry, 1992). Participants were administered the Buss-Perry Scale and the Word Completion Task before and after playing the video game for ten minutes. Saliva samples were collected prior to playing the video game, immediately after finishing the video game, and 15 minutes after playing the video game, during which participants completed content-neutral tasks. We also collected the ratings of perceived game complexity and videogame experience. Preliminary results will be presented.Drake University, College of Arts & Sciences, Department of Psycholog

Monimuotoisuus talousmetsän uudistamisessa -yhteistutkimus.

Tieteen tor

Looking Forward Rather Than Backward: Cultural Revitalization at the Poeh Cultural Center and Museum

This dissertation investigates how the Pueblo of Pojoaque went from near desertion to a community that in contemporary times (and with the assistance of nearby Tewa communities) has worked to retain its culture and art, in an important example of cultural revitalization. Pojoaque Pueblos Poeh Cultural Center and Museum provides a unique perspective on cultural revitalization in the 21st century. The Poeh Center has been used by Pojoaque Pueblo to strengthen its identity and its economic and social status in the area, and as a result is considered one of the most progressive Pueblos in the Southwest. I address the role the Poeh Cultural Center and Museum plays within the Pueblo of Pojoaque\u27s attempt to recover and strengthen its identity as an indigenous or Indian Pueblo through a contemporary lens. As part of that effort, I examine \u27Pueblo\u27 culture as opposed to \u27Hispano\u27 culture in order to define \u27Pojoaque Pueblo\u27 culture and identity in contemporary times. Through participant observation, semi-structured and unstructured interviews, archival research, and visitor questionnaires, I explore and identify how exhibits, programs, and art classes contribute to the revival of the Pueblo of Pojoaque\u27s culture and traditions. Furthermore, I look at how the Poeh Cultural Center and Museum is used and viewed by community members, tourists, museum staff, art students, and local artists. For comparative purposes I also examine regional and national museums in the United States and Mexico, including two tribal museums located within the state of New Mexico, Acoma and Zuni. I compare these two last museums to Pojoaque\u27s cultural center and museum as well as to non-tribal museums in terms of heritage, tourism, and representation. The basic contribution of this research is to show how an indigenous identity, (more specifically a Tewa Pueblo identity) is expressed in a tribal museum in contemporary times. This research also serves as an example of a federally recognized Native American tribe that is taking advantage of technological advances to be seen as a progressive Pueblo by tribal members, other Pueblos, and outside visitors.\u2

Is Dry Cupping Therapy Effective for Non-Specific Chronic Neck Pain in Adults?

Objective: The objective of this selective Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) review is to determine whether or not “Dry Cupping Therapy is effective for non-specific chronic neck pain in adults?” Study Design: Review of 3 randomized controlled trials (RCT) Data Sources: All studies were published in peer-reviewed journals found in PubMed or Cochrane Database. Outcomes measured: Patients were divided into two groups, the experimental group or the control group. Patients in the experimental group received dry cupping therapy. Patients in the control group received no therapy at all, normal standard of care (physiotherapy, sports activities, analgesics), or progressive muscle relaxation. The primary outcome measured was chronic neck pain intensity at rest via a 11-NRS scale in one study, or a visual analog scale (VAS) of 0 mm to 100 mm in the other studies with 0 equaling no pain and 100 equaling the worst pain. In one study, patients were asked if they had experienced relief from pain by answering ‘yes’ or ‘no’ using an Adequate Relief Scale. A secondary outcome included chronic neck pain related to motion (VAS). In Cramer (2011) the VAS was 0 – 10 cm. For both measures, a baseline was measured before and after treatment. In all three RCTs, there was no long-term follow-up. Results: In two out of the three RCTs, (Cramer – 2011 and Lauche – 2011), results of dry cupping therapy vs control proved to cause a decrease in pain at rest and with motion and reached statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05). In Lauche 2013, the results showed that for every 5 people treated 1 person experienced relief from pain with cupping. Additional results showed there was not a statistically significant decrease in pain between cupping and progressive muscle relaxation therapy, but that there was a change from baseline for both. The studies did not follow long-term treatments, so its unknown if pain relief is lasting. Conclusions: Based off of the three reviewed RCTs in this paper, it is indeterminate whether or not dry cupping is effective for chronic non-specific neck pain