Editor's Note

An update on the Alaska Justice Forum during times of change at the University of Alaska Anchorage, including the publication's transition to an all-digital format

Something, nothing : space, substance, and sexual identity in Shakespeare

This paper argues that early, "preoedipal" anxieties about dependency, autonomy, the boundaries of the self, the dangerous interpenetration of inner and outer worlds--the outer world contaminating the inner self, the self afraid of losing the precious "substance" that keeps it alive--play a significant role in Shakespeare's plays, specifically Hamlet and King Lear. It argues further that childhood dependence on a mother influences later feelings about the opposite sex and sexual conflicts revive early anxieties about autonomy and independence, so that the attempt to establish a proper balance between inner and outer worlds is inextricably tied (in the plays) to conceptions of sexual identity. In broader social terms, these plays reflect the problem of being (1) a separate, self-conscious individual at a time when the old values of an ordered, hierar"chical society were giving way to a new, middle-class, Protestant ethic of "individualism" and (2) a man at a time when sexual roles were becoming polarized in new ways. As the plays themselves imply--and as the paper tries to show--we can't understand the dilemmas of modern "individualism" without understanding the sexual parameters (learned in early childhood, reinforced by social experience) in terms of which these dilenrnas are lived out

The Duplicity of Talent: A Delicate Balance of Critical Leadership Competencies

[Excerpt] All managers have to make tough decisions, but their decision-making processes must change as they reach the higher levels of their organization. This may be largely attributed to the variances in the level of work. At a hotel, for instance, lower level supervisors may be responsible for making sure that receptionists are effectively and efficiently handling bookings. Contrast this supervisor\u27s decision-making process with the hotel\u27s senior executive, who needs to determine where to build the next hotel to maximize bookings. At lower levels, supervisors are effective leaders if they can be decisive, firm, direct, and analytical about their decisions (Brousseau, 2006). Effective leaders at this level don\u27t often need to take flexible or collaborative approaches to their decision-making style. The opposite is evident once an employee reaches Vice President and Senior Executive level positions. Effective higher-level leaders\u27 decisions are often extremely flexible and collaborative, and the same decision making styles that were once effective at the lower levels will become less pertinent

What\u27s in a Name?

What\u27s in a name? Sometimes another name or an interesting word in the form of a transposition

Formal and informal support systems in a rural town and county : report of the research on mental health in Dannevirke Borough and County : a thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy at Massey University

The Dannevirke project was designed to provide a view into one rural borough and county in order to discern how that community provided services for those in need of emotional and psychological support. Professional human service providers and a representative sample, of the general population were interviewed to identify the formal and informal supports that were available to the community and to define mental health and mental illness. This project was based on two assumptions: 1) rural and small town life in New Zealand had networks of self-help and support and these networks were different from those found in the urban environment; 2) clinical and professional practitioners adopted unique responses to practice in a rural area. This study demonstrated that a rural community based on the romantic notion of a small homogenous, caring community was simplistic. Intrarural differences in the numerous settlements revealed a more complex fabric. The data did reflect an intricate and caring network of informal supports but it was unclear as to how different (e.g. more supportive) these rural networks were to those in an urban/suburban community. Respondents with low group membership and low visitation from family and friends reported a statistically significant low sense of psychological well-being using the Bradburn Well-Being Scale (1969). The actual roles these networks played in caregiving and prevention needed further inquiry. The pathways to service for people experiencing emotional/psychological problems were traced, including a ten year statistical analysis of inpatient psychiatric care. The general practitioner was identified by the respondents in the community and by other professionals as the primary gatekeeper for services, underlining the medical bias in their definitions of mental illness. Delivery of services by the professionals in the rural area was complicated by distance, minimal interprofessional coordination, shortage of specialist services, and a lack of ongoing professional education in the field of community mental health. Treatment in the community was favoured over sending the clients away for services and the local hospital was a unique resource for short-term respite care. The findings brought forth numerous questions including: What models of practice are effective for mental health care in the rural context? How do geographical distance and isolation affect community mental health practice? Does the urban base of most professional training prepare formal caregivers for life and practice in the rural setting? Specific recommendations for policy development and for further research were discussed

Asymptotically Optimal Bounds for (t,2) Broadcast Domination on Finite Grids

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a graph and $t,r$ be positive integers. The \emph{signal} that a tower vertex $T$ of signal strength $t$ supplies to a vertex $v$ is defined as $sig(T,v)=max(t-dist(T,v),0),$ where $dist(T,v)$ denotes the distance between the vertices $v$ and $T$. In 2015 Blessing, Insko, Johnson, and Mauretour defined a \emph{$(t,r)$ broadcast dominating set}, or simply a \emph{$(t,r)$ broadcast}, on $G$ as a set $\mathbb{T}\subseteq V$ such that the sum of all signals received at each vertex $v \in V$ from the set of towers $\mathbb{T}$ is at least $r$. The $(t,r)$ broadcast domination number of a finite graph $G$, denoted $\gamma_{t,r}(G)$, is the minimum cardinality over all $(t,r)$ broadcasts for $G$. Recent research has focused on bounding the $(t,r)$ broadcast domination number for the $m \times n$ grid graph $G_{m,n}$. In 2014, Grez and Farina bounded the $k$-distance domination number for grid graphs, equivalent to bounding $\gamma_{t,1}(G_{m,n})$. In 2015, Blessing et al. established bounds on $\gamma_{2,2}(G_{m,n})$, $\gamma_{3,2}(G_{m,n})$, and $\gamma_{3,3}(G_{m,n})$. In this paper, we take the next step and provide a tight upper bound on $\gamma_{t,2}(G_{m,n})$ for all $t>2$. We also prove the conjecture of Blessing et al. that their bound on $\gamma_{3,2}(G_{m,n})$ is tight for large values of $m$ and $n$.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure

The Voting Rights Act and the New and Improved Intent Test: Old Wine in New Bottles

Since the Supreme Court injected the issue of intent into the voting rights arena in Mobile v. Bolden,1 there has been a long and persistent struggle to reverse that decision. In 1982, Congress thought it had put the question of the quantum and quality of proof required to establish a violation of section 2 of the Voting Rights Act to rest when Congress amended that section. However, the courts quickly began a rear guard action to undermine congressional efforts to eliminate the intent requirement as an element of a plaintiff\u27s claim. Both the Supreme Court and the circuit courts have played various roles in the effort to re-assert the intent test in, albeit, a “new and improved” form. Despite Congress\u27 best efforts, the intent test is back. The role of scholars and practitioners is to understand the new test and determine how to satisfy this most stringent requirement. In this article, the contours of the new test will be examined and the question of what proof is required to satisfy the test will be explored. Part II will discuss the Mobile decision and congressional efforts to eliminate the intent test from section 2. Part III will explore the several opinions in Thornburg where the question of the intent of Congress when it amended section 2 was discussed. Finally, in Part IV, the circuit court decisions, essentially adopting Justice O\u27Connor\u27s opinion, will be analyzed to determine the contours of the new intent test and the elements of proof required to meet it. This article concludes that the courts “got it wrong” when they reintroduced the intent standard, and that Congress intended to banish intent as a requirement of a plaintiff\u27s case. However, recognizing that practitioners must live with what is, and not what ought to be, the article theorizes that the new test is not as difficult to prove as the old intent test

A case study of the Fairfax County, Virginia, censorship controversy, 1963.

A revision of the author's thesis (M.A.), George Washington University.Includes bibliographical references