A Nebraska Odor Footprint Tool for Planning Pork Facilities

Pork producers and rural communities are struggling to balance air quality issues (primarily odors) with the presence and growth of the industry. Currently the type of pork facility, odor control measures, prevailing wind direction, atmospheric conditions, and a community\u27s tolerance to some degree of odor are largely ignored in the planning process because scientific tools that incorporate this information are lacking. Without such tools, decisions on setback distances and acceptable type and size of facilities are influenced by a range of arguments, often emotional in nature. In addition, pork producers lack tools to assist in evaluating impact on a rural community for alternative sites for a new or expanding facility

A journey towards conscientisation: Motives of volunteers who support asylum seekers, refugees and detainees

The focus of this case study is an examination of the factors that motivate people to engage in volunteerism working with asylum seekers. In the research project, volunteering is understood as a civic responsibility of an active member of society which involves social interactions that foster social inclusion: active citizenship. The co-researcher agency of this project is the Perth based Centre for Asylum seekers, Refugees and Detainees (CARAD). The project aim is to investigate the values, belief systems, and attitudes of CARAD’s volunteers. This informed the decision to employ a social constructionist approach and is intended to enable further understanding of the aspects of a volunteer identity that involve critical self-reflexivity and understanding of the volunteers’ position within the issue of asylum seeking. Fourteen volunteers, many of whom assist with student support, detention centre visits and visa application workshops, were interviewed within two focus groups. Past and current political and social discourses will be analysed and unpacked, followed by employing critical theory and with the influence of Nakata’s cultural interface theory (CIT) as the theoretical perspectives. Conscientisation, a heightened level of socio-political awareness, and information about the organisation are the two major themes, which are explained within the findings. This study contributes to filling gaps that exist in regards to volunteerism within the forced migration sector. The findings suggest that volunteering within the migration sector can bring about social change and that it has the potential to enhance social and cultural diversity

Manure Matters, Volume 7, Number 2

Pivot Irrigation of Livestock Manure The selection of an appropriate land application method for manure can have an impact on several environmental issues. Individual methods should be evaluated based upon impact on: • Air quality • Water quality • Soil conservation and quality • Pathogen transmission The following discussion will review these considerations as they relate to application of manure or lagoon effluent through a center pivot system. A generalized comparison of the relative strengths and weaknesses of alternative application methods is attached in Table 1

Musical training modulates the early but not the late stage of rhythmic syntactic processing

Syntactic processing is essential for musical understanding. Although the processing of harmonic syntax has been well studied, very little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying rhythmic syntactic processing. The present study investigated the neural processing of rhythmic syntax and whether and to what extent long-term musical training impacts such processing. Fourteen musicians and 14 nonmusicians listened to syntactic-regular or -irregular rhythmic sequences and judged the completeness of these sequences. Musicians, as well as nonmusicians, showed a P600 effect to syntactic-irregular endings, indicating that musical exposure and perceptual learning of music are sufficient to enable nonmusicians to process rhythmic syntax at the late stage. However, musicians, but not nonmusicians, also exhibited an ERAN response to syntactic-irregular endings, which suggests that musical training only modulates the early but not the late stage of rhythmic syntactic processing. These findings revealed for the first time the neural mechanisms underlying the processing of rhythmic syntax in music, which has important implications for theories of hierarchically-organized music cognition and comparative studies of syntactic processing in music and language

Cognitive Components of Regularity Processing in the Auditory Domain

BACKGROUND: Music-syntactic irregularities often co-occur with the processing of physical irregularities. In this study we constructed chord-sequences such that perceived differences in the cognitive processing between regular and irregular chords could not be due to the sensory processing of acoustic factors like pitch repetition or pitch commonality (the major component of 'sensory dissonance'). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Two groups of subjects (musicians and nonmusicians) were investigated with electroencephalography (EEG). Irregular chords elicited an early right anterior negativity (ERAN) in the event-related brain potentials (ERPs). The ERAN had a latency of around 180 ms after the onset of the music-syntactically irregular chords, and had maximum amplitude values over right anterior electrode sites. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Because irregular chords were hardly detectable based on acoustical factors (such as pitch repetition and sensory dissonance), this ERAN effect reflects for the most part cognitive (not sensory) components of regularity-based, music-syntactic processing. Our study represents a methodological advance compared to previous ERP-studies investigating the neural processing of music-syntactically irregular chords

Incredible day-dream : Freud and Jung at Clark, 1909

This booklet collects The Fifth Annual Paul S. Clarkson lecture, about Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung\u27s historic 1909 visit to Clark University. As Blaine E. Taylor write in their preface: Professor Koelsch helps the reader put the visit in perspective, carefully correcting claims that it introduced Freud to America or that original research was presented for the first time in the lectures. He also traces the importance of the visit to Clark for Carl Jung and the interesting relationship between Freud and Jung....Here is a complete record, full of insight and interesting asides, of the events that led to \u27the most concise and lucid account in and out of Freud\u27s writings of the birth of psychoanalysis\u27 . This booklet also features photographs and an exhibition catalog for an accompanying display of original Clark University materials relating to Freud\u27s famous 1909 visit.https://commons.clarku.edu/clarkuhistory/1001/thumbnail.jp

Clark University, 1887-1987 : a narrative history

Book Jacket description: One hundred years ago Clark University emerged as part of a growing network of American research universities intended to be the peers of any in Europe. Opening in the fall of 1889 as an all-graduate and research institution, and having added an undergraduate program in 1902, the institution has retained its comparative smallness while actively maintaining both the research mission and the international scholarly relationships of its earliest years. Clark has been marked by scholarly and educational innovation from its chartering in 1887 to its present-day academic program. The major milestones generally associated with Clark are all here: Robert Goddard and the liquid-fuel rocket, Sigmund Freud\u27s 1909 visit, the origins of the pill , the founding of the American Psychological Association, and the establishment of psychology and geography as distinctive graduate emphases. These and other developments are placed for the first time in a broader institutional context. Synthesizing a wide range of documents, interviews, and his own behind-the-scenes institutional experience, Dr. Koelsch has traced the high and low points in the life of a distinguished institution with an unusual degree of frankness. Both Clark and non-Clark readers will find this centennial profile of the Luxembourg of American universities to be an informative and absorbing narrative. Printed in the United States of AmericaBook design by David Ford.https://commons.clarku.edu/clarkuhistory/1000/thumbnail.jp

An Online Survey

This study explores listeners’ experience of music-evoked sadness. Sadness is typically assumed to be undesirable and is therefore usually avoided in everyday life. Yet the question remains: Why do people seek and appreciate sadness in music? We present findings from an online survey with both Western and Eastern participants (N = 772). The survey investigates the rewarding aspects of music-evoked sadness, as well as the relative contribution of listener characteristics and situational factors to the appreciation of sad music. The survey also examines the different principles through which sadness is evoked by music, and their interaction with personality traits. Results show 4 different rewards of music-evoked sadness: reward of imagination, emotion regulation, empathy, and no “real-life” implications. Moreover, appreciation of sad music follows a mood-congruent fashion and is greater among individuals with high empathy and low emotional stability. Surprisingly, nostalgia rather than sadness is the most frequent emotion evoked by sad music. Correspondingly, memory was rated as the most important principle through which sadness is evoked. Finally, the trait empathy contributes to the evocation of sadness via contagion, appraisal, and by engaging social functions. The present findings indicate that emotional responses to sad music are multifaceted, are modulated by empathy, and are linked with a multidimensional experience of pleasure. These results were corroborated by a follow-up survey on happy music, which indicated differences between the emotional experiences resulting from listening to sad versus happy music. This is the first comprehensive survey of music-evoked sadness, revealing that listening to sad music can lead to beneficial emotional effects such as regulation of negative emotion and mood as well as consolation. Such beneficial emotional effects constitute the prime motivations for engaging with sad music in everyday life

Event-related potential evidence

Numerous past studies have investigated neurophysiological correlates of music-syntactic processing. However, only little is known about how prior knowledge about an upcoming syntactically irregular event modulates brain correlates of music-syntactic processing. Two versions of a short chord sequence were presented repeatedly to non-musicians (n = 20) and musicians (n = 20). One sequence version ended on a syntactically regular chord, and the other one ended on a syntactically irregular chord. Participants were either informed (cued condition), or not informed (non-cued condition) about whether the sequence would end on the regular or the irregular chord. Results indicate that in the cued condition (compared to the non-cued condition) the peak latency of the early right anterior negativity (ERAN), elicited by irregular chords, was earlier in both non-musicians and musicians. However, the expectations due to the knowledge about the upcoming event (veridical expectations) did not influence the amplitude of the ERAN. These results suggest that veridical expectations modulate only the speed, but not the principle mechanisms, of music-syntactic processing