88 research outputs found
Laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection: a case of 12-year-old child with advanced gastric cancer
The video shows the operation of laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection for a 12-year-old child with advanced gastric cancer
The LAMOST Survey of Background Quasars in the Vicinity of the Andromeda and Triangulum Galaxies -- II. Results from the Commissioning Observations and the Pilot Surveys
We present new quasars discovered in the vicinity of the Andromeda and
Triangulum galaxies with the LAMOST during the 2010 and 2011 observational
seasons. Quasar candidates are selected based on the available SDSS, KPNO 4 m
telescope, XSTPS optical, and WISE near infrared photometric data. We present
509 new quasars discovered in a stripe of ~135 sq. deg from M31 to M33 along
the Giant Stellar Stream in the 2011 pilot survey datasets, and also 17 new
quasars discovered in an area of ~100 sq. deg that covers the central region
and the southeastern halo of M31 in the 2010 commissioning datasets. These 526
new quasars have i magnitudes ranging from 15.5 to 20.0, redshifts from 0.1 to
3.2. They represent a significant increase of the number of identified quasars
in the vicinity of M31 and M33. There are now 26, 62 and 139 known quasars in
this region of the sky with i magnitudes brighter than 17.0, 17.5 and 18.0
respectively, of which 5, 20 and 75 are newly-discovered. These bright quasars
provide an invaluable collection with which to probe the kinematics and
chemistry of the ISM/IGM in the Local Group of galaxies. A total of 93 quasars
are now known with locations within 2.5 deg of M31, of which 73 are newly
discovered. Tens of quasars are now known to be located behind the Giant
Stellar Stream, and hundreds behind the extended halo and its associated
substructures of M31. The much enlarged sample of known quasars in the vicinity
of M31 and M33 can potentially be utilized to construct a perfect astrometric
reference frame to measure the minute PMs of M31 and M33, along with the PMs of
substructures associated with the Local Group of galaxies. Those PMs are some
of the most fundamental properties of the Local Group.Comment: 26 pages, 6 figures, AJ accepte
Cost-effectiveness analysis of neonatal hearing screening program in china: should universal screening be prioritized?
Monitoring rangeland degradation using a novel local NPP scaling based scheme over the “Three-River Headwaters” region, hinterland of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
Pan-cancer analysis of whole genomes
Cancer is driven by genetic change, and the advent of massively parallel sequencing has enabled systematic documentation of this variation at the whole-genome scale(1-3). Here we report the integrative analysis of 2,658 whole-cancer genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We describe the generation of the PCAWG resource, facilitated by international data sharing using compute clouds. On average, cancer genomes contained 4-5 driver mutations when combining coding and non-coding genomic elements; however, in around 5% of cases no drivers were identified, suggesting that cancer driver discovery is not yet complete. Chromothripsis, in which many clustered structural variants arise in a single catastrophic event, is frequently an early event in tumour evolution; in acral melanoma, for example, these events precede most somatic point mutations and affect several cancer-associated genes simultaneously. Cancers with abnormal telomere maintenance often originate from tissues with low replicative activity and show several mechanisms of preventing telomere attrition to critical levels. Common and rare germline variants affect patterns of somatic mutation, including point mutations, structural variants and somatic retrotransposition. A collection of papers from the PCAWG Consortium describes non-coding mutations that drive cancer beyond those in the TERT promoter(4); identifies new signatures of mutational processes that cause base substitutions, small insertions and deletions and structural variation(5,6); analyses timings and patterns of tumour evolution(7); describes the diverse transcriptional consequences of somatic mutation on splicing, expression levels, fusion genes and promoter activity(8,9); and evaluates a range of more-specialized features of cancer genomes(8,10-18).Peer reviewe
Coating metals on cellulose-polypyrrole composites: A new route to self-powered drug delivery system
National Nature Science Foundation of China [30870617, 30870648, 30500127]A self-powered drug delivery system based on cellulose-polypyrrole (PPy) composite film was developed. The cellulose-PPy composite film was prepared by deposition of drug-contained PPy film on the inner and outer surfaces of a porous cellulose film. After coating a thin layer of active metal such as magnesium on the one side of the composite film, the drug stored in the PPy film can be released autonomously upon exposure to the electrolyte solution. It was confirmed that the drug release from the system followed the galvanic cell mechanism. The amount of the drug released and the release rate of drug can be controlled by adjusting the thicknesses and types of the active metals, respectively. Since the cellulose film is biodegradable and the system obtained is flexible and lightweight, it is therefore expected that this drug delivery system can find in vivo applications. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Coating metals on cellulose-polypyrrole composites: A new route to self-powered drug delivery system
National Nature Science Foundation of China [30870617, 30870648, 30500127]A self-powered drug delivery system based on cellulose-polypyrrole (PPy) composite film was developed. The cellulose-PPy composite film was prepared by deposition of drug-contained PPy film on the inner and outer surfaces of a porous cellulose film. After coating a thin layer of active metal such as magnesium on the one side of the composite film, the drug stored in the PPy film can be released autonomously upon exposure to the electrolyte solution. It was confirmed that the drug release from the system followed the galvanic cell mechanism. The amount of the drug released and the release rate of drug can be controlled by adjusting the thicknesses and types of the active metals, respectively. Since the cellulose film is biodegradable and the system obtained is flexible and lightweight, it is therefore expected that this drug delivery system can find in vivo applications. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Advances in Carbon-Incorporated Non-Noble Transition Metal Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
Considerable efforts have been exerted in the development of non-noble metal catalysts (NNMCs) for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). The effects of the preparation strategy, including carbon support, metal and nitrogen precursors, as well as heat-treatment conditions, on the ORR activity for such NNMCs have also been extensively explored. In this review, we mainly focused on the recent advances in carbon-incorporated NNMCs, specifically carbon-incorporated iron nitride (FeCN)-based catalysts. Influences of pyrolysis temperature on the crystalline and local structures, chemical environment, morphology, and ORR activity of FeCN-based catalysts were discussed, and the ORR mechanism was also proposed.</p
Strategies of laparoscopic spleen-preserving splenic hilar lymph node dissection for advanced proximal gastric cancer
Evaluation of the Eighth Edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM Staging System for Gastric Cancer: An Analysis of 7371 Patients in the SEER Database
Objective. To investigate the validity of the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM staging system for gastric cancer. Methods. The clinicopathologic data of 7371 patients who were diagnosed with gastric cancer and had 16 or more involved lymph nodes (LNs) were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and retrospectively reviewed. Results. Stage migration occurred primarily during stage III between the 7th and 8th edition TNM staging systems. Stages IIIB and IIIC in the 7th edition staging system were divided in the 8th edition and had obvious differences in survival rates (both P<0.001). The 8th edition TNM stages IIIC and IV showed similar survival rates (P=0.101). The prognosis of patients with T4aN3bM0 was not different from that of patients with TxNxM1 (P=0.433), while the prognosis of patients with T4bN3bM0 was significantly poorer than that of patients with TxNxM1 (P=0.008). A revised TNM system with both T4aN3bM0 and T4bN3bM0 incorporated into stage IV was proposed. Multivariable regression analysis showed that the revised TNM system, but not the 7th and 8th editions, was an independent factor for disease-specific survival (DSS) in the third step of the analysis. Further analyses revealed that the revised TNM system had superior discriminatory ability to the 8th edition staging system, which was also an improvement over the 7th edition staging system. Conclusion. The 8th edition of the AJCC TNM staging system is superior to the 7th edition for predicting the DSS rates of gastric cancer patients. However, for better prognostic stratification, it might be more suitable for T4aN3bM0/T4bN3bM0 to be incorporated into stage IV in the 8th edition TNM staging system
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