Implementación de herramientas de mejora para reducir costos en el área de logística en un taller de carpintería, Trujillo 2022

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general: Determinar si la implementación de herramientas puede reducir costos en el área de logística en un taller de carpintería, Trujillo 2022, presentó un diseño cuasi experimental, con la realización de un pre prueba y post prueba, la muestra de estudio estuvo constituida por los costos operativos de las áreas de logística en un taller de carpintería, Trujillo para el año 2022, los instrumentos de recolección de datos fueron la Ficha de observación de tiempos y el Check List, el procesamiento de la información se llevó a cabo en hoja de cálculo de Excel, posterior al análisis y procesamiento de la información, se concluyó de la siguiente manera: Se determinó que la implementación de herramientas reduce costos en el área de logística en un taller de carpintería Trujillo para el año 2022, donde la reducción en los costos mensual del área logística fue de 8,304.4 soles con una inversión de 4,392.6 soles

Prevalencia de lesiones estructurales en la linea neonatal de ninos de 2 a 3 anos nacidos por parto normal de madre primigesta y multipara entre los anos 2005-2007, Hospital San Jose de Parral

75 p.Introducción: El parto según la literatura, es el conjunto de fenómenos fisiológicos que determinan y acompañan la expulsión del feto y los anexos ovulares, desde la cavidad uterina al exterior a través del canal del parto. Durante este proceso las piezas dentarias se pueden ver afectadas, ya que en este período se produce la odontogénesis, la cual se puede ver alterada en cualquiera de sus etapas por factores genéticos o ambientales, causando anomalías en la estructura dentaria. Las anomalías producidas durante el parto se pueden reflejar clínicamente por la presencia de una alteración en la línea neonatal, en cuya estructura es posible observar microscópicamente alteraciones en el contenido mineral o calcificación de ésta. El parto normal difiere en primigestas y multíparas, principalmente debido a que las etapas del parto se desarrollarán en un tiempo más prolongado en las primigestas, por lo cual existirá un mayor período en el cual se puedan producir alteraciones que puedan afectar al feto. Esta investigación estudió el nacimiento por parto normal de madre primigesta como factor ambiental de tipo sistémico, que pudiese ocasionar lesiones estructurales de esmalte en la línea neonatal de piezas temporales. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de lesiones estructurales del esmalte en la línea neonatal en el nacimiento por parto normal de madre primigesta y multípara en pacientes de 2 a 3 años de edad, nacidos en el Hospital San José de Parral entre los años 2005 - 2007. Método: Se realizó un estudio de cohorte transversal y retrospectivo, en el cual se observó la prevalencia de lesiones estructurales de esmalte en la línea neonatal de las piezas temporales del sector anterior, mediante un examen clínico. La población estudiada se constituyó por 80 niños, de los cuales 35 niños conformaron un grupo 1 nacidos por parto normal de madre primigesta y 45 niños un grupo 2 nacidos por parto normal de madre multípara. Se aplicó el Modelo de Regresión Logística Binaria para analizar la relación entre presencia de lesiones estructurales del esmalte en la línea neonatal y nacimiento por parto normal de madre primigesta, controlado por el factor confundente de sexo, y se obtuvieron los valores del test estadístico chi-cuadrado para cada una de las variables. Resultados: La prevalencia de lesiones estructurales del esmalte en la línea neonatal para el grupo 1 (parto normal de madre primigesta) fue de 63% y para el grupo 2 (parto normal de madre multípara) de 60%, lo cual no constituye una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre nacimiento por parto normal de madre primigesta y presencia de lesiones estructurales del esmalte en la línea neonatal de piezas temporales, ya que la Regresión Logística Binaria arrojó un chi-cuadrado de p=0,749. De igual manera, el sexo no fue una variable estadísticamente significativa, obteniendo un valor de chi-cuadrado de p=0,767. En el grupo 1 (parto normal de madre primigesta) se observó una mayor prevalencia de presencia de lesiones de esmalte en maxilar superior (73%) respecto al maxilar inferior (4%). La presencia de lesiones en ambos maxilares se observó en el 23% de los niños. En el grupo 2 (parto normal de madre multípara) se observó una prevalencia de lesiones de esmalte en maxilar superior (63%), no encontrando casos en mandíbula. La presencia de lesiones en ambos maxilares se observó en el 37% de los niños. Según piezas dentaria afectada, en el grupo 1 (parto normal de madre primigesta), se observó una mayor prevalencia de presencia de lesiones de esmalte en las piezas dentarias 5.1 (23%), 6.1 (20%) y 6.2 (17%). En el grupo 2 (parto normal de madre multípara), se observó una mayor prevalencia de presencia de lesiones de esmalte en las piezas dentarias 5.1 (17.8%), 6.1 (16.8%) y 5.2 (13.8%). El Riesgo Relativo fue de 1.0 para el nacimiento por parto normal de madre primigesta como factor de riesgo. Conclusiones: Se puede concluir que no existe una mayor prevalencia de lesiones estructurales del esmalte en la línea neonatal de piezas temporales de niños nacidos por parto normal de madre primigesta (grupo 1) en comparación a niños nacidos por parto normal de madre multípara (grupo 2), como se había planteado en la hipótesis. Del mismo modo, el sexo no constituyó una variable contundente para la presencia de lesiones estructurales del esmalte en la línea neonatal de piezas deciduas. En ambos grupos analizados, observamos una mayor prevalencia de lesiones estructurales del esmalt e en la línea neonatal de piezas temporales en el maxilar, en comparación con la mandíbula. Además se puede concluir que la pieza dentaria más afectada por lesiones estructurales del esmalte en la línea neonatal es la pieza 5.1, en ambos grupos, seguida por la pieza 6.1. Al obtener un Riesgo Relativo de 1.05, se concluye que el nacimiento por parto normal de madre primigesta no sería un factor de riesgo para presentar lesiones estructurales del esmalte en la línea neonatal de piezas temporales. Palabras claves: Lesiones estructurales de esmalte, línea neonatal, parto normal, primigesta, multípara, piezas temporales

Health and well-being for all: an approach to accelerating progress to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in countries in the WHO European Region

Background Forty-three out of 53 of the WHO European Member States have set up political and institutional mechanisms to implement the United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This includes governance and institutional mechanisms, engaging stakeholders, identifying targets and indicators, setting governmental and sectoral priorities for action and reporting progress regularly. Still, growing evidence suggests that there is room for advancing implementation of some of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and targets at a higher pace in the WHO European Region. This article proposes the E4A approach to support WHO European Member States in their efforts to achieve the health-related SDG targets. Methods The E4A approach was developed through a 2-year, multi-stage process, starting with the endorsement of the SDG Roadmap by all WHO European Member States in 2017. This approach resulted from a mix of qualitative methods: a semi-structured desk review of existing committal documents and tools; in-country policy dialogs, interviews and reports; joint UN missions and discussion among multi-lateral organizations; consultation with an advisory group of academics and health policy experts across countries. Results The E—engage—functions as the driver and pace-maker; the 4 As—assess, align, accelerate and account—serve as building blocks composed of policies, processes, activities and interventions operating in continuous and synchronized action. Each of the building blocks is an essential part of the approach that can be applied across geographic and institutional levels. Conclusion While the E4A approach is being finalized, this article aims to generate debate and input to further refine and test this approach from a public health and user perspective

Influence of Maturity and Vineyard Location on Free and Bound Aroma Compounds of Grapes from the Pais Cultivar

Some of the volatile compounds present in grapes give wine is its unique and genuine characteristics. “Terroir” and berry maturity are considered to be the main influences on the expression of these characteristics. This work was undertaken to establish the specific characteristics that define Vitis vinifera cv. País, based on its aromatic profile and free and bound compounds (glycosides), and to assess the effects of location and maturity. Free and bound volatile compounds presented significant differences in the three locations studied. The total amount of free alcohols, acids and ketones depended on the location. During ripening, the amount of aroma precursors increased in all chemical groups in every location studied, and they were found mainly in the skins. With reference to free volatile compounds, it was found that cis-2- hexenol could be a good candidate to assess maturity, and that terpene content seemed to be strongly related to the vineyard location and cultivar conditions. Also, data analysis showed that the free aroma profile seemed to be influenced more by the maturity of the grapes and the bound aroma fraction more by the location

Shotgun sequencing to determine corneal infection.

PurposeTo investigate if shotgun-sequencing method could be useful in detailed diagnosis of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection and compare it with the conventional diagnostic method.ObservationsUsing a sterile scraper, the infectious part of the ocular surface was scraped gently and placed on a glass slide for conventional diagnosis using PCR and histology and in RNA stabilizing reagent for shotgun sequencing respectively. Concentration of the DNA was determined using a sensitive fluorescence dye-based Qubit dsDNA HS Assay Kit. Shotgun-sequencing libraries were generated using the NEBNext DNA ultra II protocol. The samples were sequenced on the Illumina NextSeq 500 in high output mode with 2X150 bp paired-end sequencing. Taxonomic and functional profiles were generated.Conventional diagnostic method suspected herpetic keratitis. The results indicated presence of an amplified product of 92 bp positive HSV-DNA. Conventional diagnostic method detected the presence of Herpes Simplex Virus DNA (type 1). Shotgun sequencing confirmed the diagnosis of HSV along with the taxonomical profiling of the virus. These results were achieved using 1.9 ng/μL of DNA concentration (114 ng in 60 μL) of the total sample volume.Conclusions and importanceShotgun sequencing is a hypothesis-free approach that identifies full taxonomic and functional profile of an organism. This technology is advantageous as it requires smaller sample size compared to conventional diagnostic methods

Repositioning of the global epicentre of non-optimal cholesterol

High blood cholesterol is typically considered a feature of wealthy western countries(1,2). However, dietary and behavioural determinants of blood cholesterol are changing rapidly throughout the world(3) and countries are using lipid-lowering medications at varying rates. These changes can have distinct effects on the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol, which have different effects on human health(4,5). However, the trends of HDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels over time have not been previously reported in a global analysis. Here we pooled 1,127 population-based studies that measured blood lipids in 102.6 million individuals aged 18 years and older to estimate trends from 1980 to 2018 in mean total, non-HDL and HDL cholesterol levels for 200 countries. Globally, there was little change in total or non-HDL cholesterol from 1980 to 2018. This was a net effect of increases in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreases in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe. As a result, countries with the highest level of non-HDL cholesterol-which is a marker of cardiovascular riskchanged from those in western Europe such as Belgium, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and Malta in 1980 to those in Asia and the Pacific, such as Tokelau, Malaysia, The Philippines and Thailand. In 2017, high non-HDL cholesterol was responsible for an estimated 3.9 million (95% credible interval 3.7 million-4.2 million) worldwide deaths, half of which occurred in east, southeast and south Asia. The global repositioning of lipid-related risk, with non-optimal cholesterol shifting from a distinct feature of high-income countries in northwestern Europe, north America and Australasia to one that affects countries in east and southeast Asia and Oceania should motivate the use of population-based policies and personal interventions to improve nutrition and enhance access to treatment throughout the world.Peer reviewe

Searches for transverse momentum dependent flow vector fluctuations in Pb-Pb and p-Pb collisions at the LHC

CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFINANCIADORA DE ESTUDOS E PROJETOS - FINEPFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPThe measurement of azimuthal correlations of charged particles is presented for Pb-Pb collisions at root S-NN 2.76 TeV and p-Pb collisions at root S-NN 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. These correlations are measured for the second, third and fourth order flow vector in the pseudorapidity region vertical bar eta vertical bar 0.8 as a function of centrality and transverse momentum pT using two observables, to search for evidence of PT-dependent flow vector fluctuations. For Ph-Ph collisions at 2.76 TeV, the measurements indicate that PT-dependent fluctuations are only present for the second order flow vector. Similar results have been found for p-Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV. These measurements are compared to hydrodynamic model calculations with event-by-event geometry fluctuations in the initial state to constrain the initial conditions and transport properties of the matter created in Ph-Ph and p-Pb collisions.9133CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFINANCIADORA DE ESTUDOS E PROJETOS - FINEPFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFINANCIADORA DE ESTUDOS E PROJETOS - FINEPFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPSem informaçãoSem informaçãoSem informaçãoThe ALICE collaboration would like to thank all its engineers and technicians for their invaluable contributions to the construction of the experiment and the CERN accelerator teams for the outstanding performance of the LHC complex. The ALICE collaboration gratefully acknowledges the resources and support provided by all Grid centres and the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG) collaboration. The ALICE collaboration acknowledges the following funding agencies for their support in building and running the ALICE detector: A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation (ANSL), State Committee of Science and World Federation of Scientists (WFS), Armenia; Austrian Academy of Sciences and Nationalstiftung fur Forschung, Technologie und Entwicklung, Austria; Ministry of Communications and High Technologies, National Nuclear Research Center, Azerbaijan; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (Finep) and Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), Brazil; Ministry of Science & Technology of China (MSTC), National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and Ministry of Education of China (MOEC), China; Ministry of Science, Education and Sport and Croatian Science Foundation, Croatia; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic; The Danish Council for Independent Research Natural Sciences, the Carlsberg Foundation and Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF), Denmark; Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Finland; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) and Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules (IN2P3) and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie (BMBF) and GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Germany; General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Ministry of Education, Research and Religions, Greece; National Research, Development and Innovation Office, Hungary; Department of Atomic Energy Government of India (DAE) and Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi, India; Indonesian Institute of Science, Indonesia; Centro Fermi Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy; Institute for Innovative Science and Technology, Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science (IIST), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI and Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia (CONACYT) y Tecnologia, through Fondo de Cooperacion Internacional en Ciencia y Tecnologia (FONCICYT) and Direccion General de Asuntos del Personal Academico (DGAPA), Mexico; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Netherlands; The Research Council of Norway, Norway; Commission on Science and Technology for Sustainable Development in the South (COMSATS), Pakistan; Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peril, Peru; Ministry of Science and Higher Education and National Science Centre, Poland; Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information and National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), Republic of Korea; Ministry of Education and Scientific Research, Institute of Atomic Physics and Romanian National Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation, Romania; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Russia; Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic, Slovakia; National Research Foundation of South Africa, South Africa; Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnologicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Cubaenergia, Cuba, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion and Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas (CIEMAT), Spain; Swedish Research Council (VR) and Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW), Sweden; European Organization for Nuclear Research, Switzerland; National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSDTA), Suranaree University of Technology (SUT) and Office of the Higher Education Commission under NRU project of Thailand, Thailand; Turkish Atomic Energy Agency (TAEK), Turkey; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine; Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), United Kingdom; National Science Foundation of the United States of America (NSF) and United States Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics (DOE NP), United States of America

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

Consortium-based genome-wide meta-analysis for childhood dental caries traits

Prior studies suggest dental caries traits in children and adolescents are partially heritable, but there has been no large-scale consortium genome-wide association study (GWAS) to date. We therefore performed GWAS for caries in participants aged 2.5-18.0 years from nine contributing centres. Phenotype definitions were created for the presence or absence of treated or untreated caries, stratified by primary and permanent dentition. All studies tested for association between caries and genotype dosage and the results were combined using fixed-effects meta-analysis. Analysis included up to 19 003 individuals (7530 affected) for primary teeth and 13 353 individuals (5875 affected) for permanent teeth. Evidence for association with caries status was observed at rs1594318-C for primary teeth [intronic within ALLC, odds ratio (OR) 0.85, effect allele frequency (EAF) 0.60, P 4.13e-8] and rs7738851-A (intronic within NEDD9, OR 1.28, EAF 0.85, P 1.63e-8) for permanent teeth. Consortium-wide estimated heritability of caries was low [h(2) of 1% (95% CI: 0%: 7%) and 6% (95% CI 0%: 13%) for primary and permanent dentitions, respectively] compared with corresponding within-study estimates [h(2) of 28% (95% CI: 9%: 48%) and 17% (95% CI: 2%: 31%)] or previously published estimates. This study was designed to identify common genetic variants with modest effects which are consistent across different populations. We found few single variants associated with caries status under these assumptions. Phenotypic heterogeneity between cohorts and limited statistical power will have contributed; these findings could also reflect complexity not captured by our study design, such as genetic effects which are conditional on environmental exposure