Beyond Caligula : the reflection on adding pornographic scenes to nonpornographic films in post-production

The presented article analyses the reasons and results of adding pornographic scenes to nonpornographic films by the chosen Western directors. The authors, starting from the case of the of the dark legend of Luis Buñuel’s The Age of Gold (L’âge d ’or, 1930), summarize the history of the phenomenon and observe it using the methodologies of production studies. Furthermore, concerning on the films by Bo Arne Vibenius or Tinto Brass, the authors research on the implications of the directors’ decisions and the ways they reversed the meaning of changing the film in post-production. The examples of the films mentioned in this article come from different cinematographies, periods and genres, what underlines the unique character of the chosen cases

Relationship between bridging and dimensions of sella turcica with classification of craniofacial skeleton

Purpose: In orthodontics, it is essential to determine the craniofacial skeleton pattern (class I, II, III) for planning treatment. Sella turcica bridging that is seen on lateral cephalometric radiographs is considered as a normal finding. This study aimed to compare sella turcica bridging and its dimensions in patients with various craniofacial patterns. Material and methods: A total of 105 lateral cephalometric radiographs (53 men and 52 women), aged 14-26 years, were randomly and equally assigned to three groups of class I, II, and III, respectively. The length, diameter, and depth of the sella turcica as well as sella turcica bridging were determined on radiographs. The chi-squared test was used for assessing the relationship between sella turcica bridging and craniofacial skeleton classification. ANOVA was used for assessing the relationship between the dimensions of the sella turcica and craniofacial skeleton classification. The Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for assessing the relationship between age and the dimensions of the sella turcica. Results: The sella turcica had a normal shape in 64.76% of patients, whereas 35.33% of patients had sella turcica bridging. In total, 11.42% of patients belonged to class I, 34.28% to class II, and 66.62% to class III. The diameter of the sella turcica had a significant relationship with age; the diameter of the sella turcica increased with age (p < 0.001). Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between craniofacial skeleton patterns and sella turcica bridging, i.e., the incidence of sella turcica bridging is higher in class III patients. The sella turcica had a greater diameter in older patients

Architects and designers meet sociologists to design urban space : reflection on the (im)possible crossing of disciplinary borders

Space as an academic concept occupies a place in various disciplines and professions. In each case it tends to be named, studied, understood and created in the appropriate conceptual apparatus, using the relevant methodology for the acquisition and analysis of data. On the other hand, an ever greater role in the process of designing space is accorded to the users themselves, who have certain specific preferences and their own models of shaping the space. Awareness of these different perspectives requires interdisciplinary cooperation. The paper refers to experience gained during interdisciplinary spatial design workshops, at which students of architecture, interior architecture, sociology and philosophy jointly prepared designs for urban space. The design process is analysed as communication between the representatives of disciplines using different resources of reflexivity about space. This workshop experience is not treated as ordinary, empirical research. It is rather an impulse and a starting point for further research on the cognitive aspects of cooperation gathering together experts rooted in different institutional contexts and fields of knowledge. The article discusses the possibility of cross-disciplinary cooperation between architects, designers, sociologists, philosophers, artists and other space constructors and users. Our assumption based on the conceptions of reflexivity by Pierre Bourdieu, Scott Lash and Anthony Giddens is that this cooperation is practised as an interdisciplinary relationship, incapable of overcoming disciplinary borders

Embolisation of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations : case series

Purpose: Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVM) are the direct communications between the pulmonary arteries and veins. These malformations can cause serious complications, and most of these patients should be treated. Herein we present our experience in the treatment of 18 cases of PAVM, treated with endovascular embolisation. Material and methods: Eighteen patients with PAVMs underwent endovascular embolisation during a five-year period. Eight were male and 10 were female, with ages ranging from 16 to 65 years. Standard steel coils and vascular plug were used for embolisation. Results: Embolisation was successful in 17 of 18 patients. Coiling was used in 10 patients, vascular plug in five, and both materials in two patients. All symptomatic patients with successful embolisation lost all their symptoms after treatment. Control angiography after embolisation showed a closure of AV shunt without migration of embolic material in all patients. Post-embolisation syndrome developed in four patients and late onset of pleural pain in three patients. There was no connection between pleural reaction and type of PAVM and embolic material. Conclusions: Endovascular PAVM treatment is a minimally invasive, highly successful method with a low rate of only transitory complications

Thermodynamics of superdiffusion generated by Lévy–Wiener fluctuating forces

Scale free Lévy motion is a generalized analogue of the Wiener process. Its time derivative extends the notion of "white noise" to non-Gaussian noise sources, and as such, it has been widely used to model natural signal variations described by an overdamped Langevin stochastic differential equation. Here, we consider the dynamics of an archetypal model: a Brownian-like particle is driven by external forces, and noise is represented by uncorrelated Lévy fluctuations. An unperturbed system of that form eventually attains a steady state which is uniquely determined by the set of parameter values. We show that the analyzed Markov process with the stability index $\alpha$ < 2 violates the detailed balance, i.e., its stationary state is quantified by a stationary probability density and nonvanishing current. We discuss consequences of the non-Gibbsian character of the stationary state of the system and its impact on the general form of the fluctuation–dissipation theorem derived for weak external forcing

Engineering non-equilibrium quantum phase transitions via causally gapped Hamiltonians

We introduce a phenomenological theory for many-body control of critical phenomena by engineering causally-induced gaps for quantum Hamiltonian systems. The core mechanisms are controlling information flow within and/or between clusters that are created near a quantum critical point. To this end, we construct inhomogeneous quantum phase transitions via designing spatiotemporal quantum fluctuations. We show how non-equilibrium evolution of disordered quantum systems can create new effective correlation length scales and effective dynamical critical exponents. In particular, we construct a class of causally-induced non-adiabatic quantum annealing transitions for strongly disordered quantum Ising chains leading to exponential suppression of topological defects beyond standard Kibble–Zurek predictions. Using exact numerical techniques for 1D quantum Hamiltonian systems, we demonstrate that our approach exponentially outperforms adiabatic quantum computing. Using strong-disorder renormalization group (SDRG), we demonstrate the universality of inhomogeneous quantum critical dynamics and exhibit the reconstructions of causal zones during SDRG flow. We derive a scaling relation for minimal causal gaps showing they narrow more slowly than any polynomial with increasing size of system, in contrast to stretched exponential scaling in standard adiabatic evolution. Furthermore, we demonstrate similar scaling behavior for random cluster-Ising Hamiltonians with higher order interactions

Computed tomography of coronary artery anomaly : case report

Background: Anomalies of coronary vessels can be described as varies group of congenital heart disease, which can have different level of clinical manifestation and changeable pathophysiological mechanisms. Diagnosis and imaging of vessel course is essential before percutaneous angioplasty intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting as well as before implantation of artificial valve. Case Report: Patient with cardiologic history, previously percutaneus intervention were performed and left circumflex coronary artery were assessed as occluded. Computed tomography revealed anomalous origin of patent circumflex branch arising from right Valsava sinus. Conclusions: Selective percutaneus coronary angiography is challenging in case of coronary anomalies, there are only few indirect symptoms of anomalies. The advantage of computed tomography over classic coronarography is visibility of all patent coronary vessels after single administration of contrast medium. It is possible to describe its anatomic relations, evaluation of walls and its changes