Escala Multidimensional de Apoyo Social Percibido (MSPSS): propiedades psicométricas en universitarios peruanos

El presente estudio de diseño instrumental tuvo como finalidad analizar las evidencias psicométricas de la Escala Multidimensional de Apoyo Social Percibido (MSPSS) para su aplicación en estudiantes universitarios de Lima Metropolitana. Participaron 520 estudiantes, 292 mujeres (56%) y 228 hombres (44%), entre 18 a 61 años (M = 24.89, DE = 5.17). El análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró valores aceptables para el modelo bifactor: χ2/gl = 4.645, CFI = .99, TLI = .98, SRMR = .027, RMSEA = .084 (90% I.C., .072, .096) y WRMR = .99. Adicionalmente, se obtuvo en el factor general un valor de H = .945, PUC = .727, ECV = .695 y el ωH = .85. La validez convergente se examinó con la Escala de Autoeficacia General (EAG) (r = .50; r2 = .25) y la validez divergente con el inventario de ansiedad ante exámenes-estado (TAI-Estado) (r = -.32; r2 = .10). Además, la confiabilidad se determinó a través del coeficiente omega ordinal para la escala general (ω = .97) y sus tres factores respectivamente: (ω = .90), (ω = .96) y (ω = .93). Finalmente, el análisis de invarianza factorial mostró evidencias de equidad por sexo (ΔCFI<.010, ΔRMSEA <.015). En conclusión, la MSPSS reúne adecuadas propiedades psicométricas para cuantificar la variable apoyo social percibido en universitarios limeños

Concomitant histone deacetylase and phosphodiesterase 5 inhibition synergistically prevents the disruption in synaptic plasticity and it reverses cognitive impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

Background: Given the implication of histone acetylation in memory processes, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) have been postulated as potential modulators of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, dose-dependent side effects have been described in patients with the currently available broad-spectrum HDACIs, explaining why their therapeutic potential has not been realized for chronic diseases. Here, by simultaneously targeting two independent enzyme activities, histone deacetylase (HDAC) and phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5), we propose a novel mode of inhibitory action that might increase the therapeutic specificity of HDACIs. Results: The combination of vorinostat, a pan-HDACI, and tadalafil, a PDE5 inhibitor, rescued the long-term potentiation impaired in slices from APP/PS1 mice. When administered in vivo, the combination of these drugs alleviated the cognitive deficits in AD mice, as well as the amyloid and tau pathology, and it reversed the reduced dendritic spine density on hippocampal neurons. Significantly, the combination of vorinostat and tadalafil was more effective than each drug alone, both against the symptoms and in terms of disease modification, and importantly, these effects persisted after a 4-week washout period. Conclusions: The results highlight the pharmacological potential of a combination of molecules that inhibit HDAC and PDE5 as a therapeutic approach for AD treatment

Discovery of first-in-class reversible dual small molecule inhibitors against G9a and DNMTs in hematological malignancies

The indisputable role of epigenetics in cancer and the fact that epigenetic alterations can be reversed have favoured development of epigenetic drugs. In this study, we design and synthesize potent novel, selective and reversible chemical probes that simultaneously inhibit the G9a and DNMTs methyltransferase activity. In vitro treatment of haematological neoplasia (acute myeloid leukaemia-AML, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia-ALL and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma-DLBCL) with the lead compound CM-272, inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis, inducing interferon-stimulated genes and immunogenic cell death. CM-272 significantly prolongs survival of AML, ALL and DLBCL xenogeneic models. Our results represent the discovery of first-in-class dual inhibitors of G9a/DNMTs and establish this chemical series as a promising therapeutic tool for unmet needs in haematological tumours.We particularly acknowledge the Biobank of the University of Navarra for its collaboration. We thank Dr Edorta Martínez de Marigorta and Dr Francisco Palacios from Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad del Pais Vasco for 13C NMR determination and Angel Irigoyen Barrio and Dr Ana Romo Hualde, from University of Navarra, for HRMS determination. Dr. Irene de Miguel Turrullols from Small Molecule Discovery Platform, CIMA, University of Navarra is acknowledged for NMR data interpretation. This work was funded by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) PI10/01691, PI13/01469, PI14/01867, PI10/2983, TRASCAN (EPICA), CIBERONC, cofinanciacion FEDER, RTICC RD12/0036/0068, Fundació La Marató de TV3 (20132130-31-32) and ‘Fundación Fuentes Dutor’. B.P. is supported by a Sara Borrell fellowship CD13/00340 and X.A. is a Marie Curie researcher under contract ‘LincMHeM-330598’.S

Corrección de pie plano flexible mediante artrorrisis con tornillo subtalar en niños atendidos en el hospital “Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde”

Objetivo: Describir los resultados funcionales, grados radiol&oacute;gicosde mejor&iacute;a y complicaciones presentados al realizarla t&eacute;cnica de artrorrisis subtalar carga en pacientes con pieplano flexible atendidos en el Hospital &ldquo;Dr. Roberto GilbertElizalde&rdquo;, Guayaquil, Ecuador.M&eacute;todos: Se realiz&oacute; un estudio descriptivo, observacional,en 86 pacientes del Hospital &ldquo;Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde&rdquo; seleccionadosintencionalmente con el diagn&oacute;stico de pie planoflexible entre los a&ntilde;os 2016 y 2017. Se utiliz&oacute; la t&eacute;cnicade artrorrisis con tornillo HyProCure&reg; de primera generaci&oacute;ncolocado extraarticular en la articulaci&oacute;n subastragalina paracorregir desplazamiento talotarsal, se realiz&oacute; valoraci&oacute;n radiol&oacute;gicapre y postoperatoria en las proyecciones dorso-plantary lateral con carga, con el objetivo de medir los &aacute;ngulos CostaBartani, inclinaci&oacute;n astragalina, y angulaci&oacute;n del calc&aacute;neo.Resultados: La edad promedio de la cohorte de pacientesfue de 10,3&plusmn;1,3 a&ntilde;os (ni&ntilde;os: 52,3%). Los valores de los &aacute;ngulosCosta-Bartani pre y post artrorrisis fueron de 149&deg;&plusmn;5&deg;vs 126&deg;&plusmn;5&deg; (p=0,02), para el &aacute;ngulo de inclinaci&oacute;n astragalina(preoperatorio: 41&deg;&plusmn;7&deg; vs posoperatorio: 24&deg;&plusmn;56&deg;; p=0,04) ypara angulaci&oacute;n de calc&aacute;neo (preoperatorio: 12&deg;&plusmn;5&deg; vs posoperatorio:15&deg;&plusmn;4&deg;; p=0,55). Se recuper&oacute; funcionalidad normala los 3 meses, la frecuencia de complicaciones fue de 6,3%e incluyeron derrame de la articulaci&oacute;n del tobillo, contracturadolorosa de los m&uacute;sculos peroneos y fracturas de estr&eacute;s delcuarto hueso metatarso.Conclusi&oacute;n: La artrorrisis subtalar es una t&eacute;cnica prometedorapara la correcci&oacute;n de pie plano flexible, al ser r&aacute;pida,segura y mostrar mejor&iacute;a cl&iacute;nico-radiol&oacute;gica adecuada

Under the Skin of a Lion: Unique Evidence of Upper Paleolithic Exploitation and Use of Cave Lion (Panthera spelaea) from the Lower Gallery of La Garma (Spain)

ABSTRACT: Pleistocene skinning and exploitation of carnivore furs have been previously inferred from archaeological evidence. Nevertheless, the evidence of skinning and fur processing tends to be weak and the interpretations are not strongly sustained by the archaeological record. In the present paper, we analyze unique evidence of patterned anthropic modification and skeletal representation of fossil remains of cave lion (Panthera spelaea) from the Lower Gallery of La Garma (Cantabria, Spain). This site is one of the few that provides Pleistocene examples of lion exploitation by humans. Our archaeozoological study suggests that lion-specialized pelt exploitation and use might have been related to ritual activities during the Middle Magdalenian period (ca. 14800 cal BC). Moreover, the specimens also represent the southernmost European and the latest evidence of cave lion exploitation in Iberia. Therefore, the study seeks to provide alternative explanations for lion extinction in Eurasia and argues for a role of hunting as a factor to take into account

The effect of oral rehydration solution and recommended home fluids on diarrhoea mortality

Background Most diarrhoeal deaths can be prevented through the prevention and treatment of dehydration. Oral rehydration solution (ORS) and recommended home fluids (RHFs) have been recommended since 1970s and 1980s to prevent and treat diarrhoeal dehydration. We sought to estimate the effects of these interventions on diarrhoea mortality in children aged <5 years

Choice of the initial antiretroviral treatment for HIV-positive individuals in the era of integrase inhibitors

BACKGROUND: We aimed to describe the most frequently prescribed initial antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens in recent years in HIV-positive persons in the Cohort of the Spanish HIV/AIDS Research Network (CoRIS) and to investigate factors associated with the choice of each regimen. METHODS: We analyzed initial ART regimens prescribed in adults participating in CoRIS from 2014 to 2017. Only regimens prescribed in >5% of patients were considered. We used multivariable multinomial regression to estimate Relative Risk Ratios (RRRs) for the association between sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and the choice of the initial regimen. RESULTS: Among 2874 participants, abacavir(ABC)/lamivudine(3TC)/dolutegavir(DTG) was the most frequently prescribed regimen (32.1%), followed by tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)/emtricitabine (FTC)/elvitegravir(EVG)/cobicistat(COBI) (14.9%), TDF/FTC/rilpivirine (RPV) (14.0%), tenofovir alafenamide (TAF)/FTC/EVG/COBI (13.7%), TDF/FTC+DTG (10.0%), TDF/FTC+darunavir/ritonavir or darunavir/cobicistat (bDRV) (9.8%) and TDF/FTC+raltegravir (RAL) (5.6%). Compared with ABC/3TC/DTG, starting TDF/FTC/RPV was less likely in patients with CD4100.000 copies/mL. TDF/FTC+DTG was more frequent in those with CD4100.000 copies/mL. TDF/FTC+RAL and TDF/FTC+bDRV were also more frequent among patients with CD4<200 cells//muL and with transmission categories other than men who have sex with men. Compared with ABC/3TC/DTG, the prescription of other initial ART regimens decreased from 2014-2015 to 2016-2017 with the exception of TDF/FTC+DTG. Differences in the choice of the initial ART regimen were observed by hospitals' location. CONCLUSIONS: The choice of initial ART regimens is consistent with Spanish guidelines' recommendations, but is also clearly influenced by physician's perception based on patient's clinical and sociodemographic variables and by the prescribing hospital location

Post-Franco Theatre

In the multiple realms and layers that comprise the contemporary Spanish theatrical landscape, “crisis” would seem to be the word that most often lingers in the air, as though it were a common mantra, ready to roll off the tongue of so many theatre professionals with such enormous ease, and even enthusiasm, that one is prompted to wonder whether it might indeed be a miracle that the contemporary technological revolution – coupled with perpetual quandaries concerning public and private funding for the arts – had not by now brought an end to the evolution of the oldest of live arts, or, at the very least, an end to drama as we know it

Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ~1.7 s with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of 40+8-8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 Mo. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ~40 Mpc) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One- Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ~10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position ~9 and ~16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta