Perfil bibliométrico sobre las conductas antisociales y agresión física en adolescentes escolarizados

Exploring disruptive behaviors in adolescents in basic education and their implications on their development is necessary to have updated information and support coherent measures. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the scientific literature on antisocial behaviors and physical aggression in adolescents enrolled in the Scopus database between 2010 and 2024. Scoping review was used as a method for bibliometric or retrospective studies, the terms used were: disruptive behavior, antisocial behaviour, deviant behavior, physical aggression, aggression, corporal aggression, adolescent together with Bolean operators AND, OR. The results of the study included 989 manuscripts, of which 81.2% were original empirical articles. The United States is the main country with the highest scientific production (41.7%) and the one with the greatest collaboration with European countries (United Kingdom, Germany and France) as well as countries such as Australia. The journals with the highest number of publications were the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (USA) and the terms widely used were adolescent and aggression. The main authors were Buitelaar, J.K., Banaschewski, T., and Franke, B. In summary, research on antisocial behaviors and physical aggression in adolescents has had a high representativeness and increase in recent years, mainly, these topics have been promoted by countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada. In addition to the fact that most journals come from these countries, there is a tendency to understand aggressive and antisocial behavior in men with respect to educational contexts.Explorar las conductas disruptivas en adolescentes de educación básica y sus implicancias sobre su desarrollo, resulta necesario para disponer de información actualizada y apodar medidas coherentes. Por ello se planteó como objetivo evaluar la literatura científica sobre conductas antisociales y agresión física en adolescentes escolarizados en la base de datos de Scopus entre los años 2010 y 2024. Se empleó como método la Scoping review para estudios bibliométricos, los términos empleados fueron: disruptive behavior, antisocial behaviour, deviant behavior, physical aggression, aggression, corporal aggression, adolescent junto con operadores boleanos AND, OR. Los resultados del estudio incluyeron 989 manuscritos, de los cuales 81.2% fueron artículos empíricos originales. Estados Unidos es el principal país con mayor producción científica (41.7%) y la que tiene mayor colaboración con países europeos (Reino Unido, Alemania y Francia) al igual que países como Australia. Las revistas con mayor número de publicaciones fueron la Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (EEUU) y los términos ampliamente utilizados fueron adolescente y agresión. Los principales autores fueron Buitelaar, J.K., Banaschewski, T., y Franke, B. En síntesis la investigación sobre las conductas antisociales y agresión física en adolescente ha tenido una alta representatividad y aumento en los últimos años, principalmente, estos temas han sido impulsados por países como Estados Unidos, Reino Unido y Canadá. Además que de la mayoría de las revistas provienen de estos países existe una tendencia por comprender el comportamiento agresivo y antisocial en varones respecto a los contextos educativos

Beneficios del Forfaiting

This article exposes the benefits of Forfaiting, as a financing instrument for international trade, its definition, operating mechanisms, advantages and disadvantages, as well as its regulations in the International Chamber of Commerce. Forfaiting is a very little-known financing tool and at the same time very beneficial for all exporters and importers who use a Letter of Credit as a means of international payment. The benefit for exporters is improved liquidity, reduced risk of non-payment, improved negotiation capacity; For importers, a longer payment period is obtained, their cash flow (liquidity) improves and the cost of financing is reduced. A status is also presented of how the financial tool of Forfaiting is growing. A study of articles related to Forfaiting is carried out, as well as a procedure on how to access financing. A brief and concise description of the financing process, requirements and operation in banking entities is also presented.  Objetivo. - El presente artículo expone los beneficios del Forfaiting, como instrumento de financiamiento para el comercio internacional, su definición, los mecanismos operativos, las ventajas y desventajas, así como su normativa en la Cámara de Comercio Internacional. Metodología. -El Forfaiting es una herramienta de financiamiento muy poco conocida y a la vez muy beneficioso para todos los exportadores e importadores que utilizan como medio de pago internacional una Carta de crédito. Por ello es exploratoria, cuantitativo y no experimental y sobre todo la investigación es documental, porque se basa en diversas fuentes de información como buscadores, repositorios, instituciones financieras y revista indexadas. Resultados Basado en los beneficios para los exportadores se sustentó como se logra una mejora en liquidez, como se mitiga el riesgo de impago y como  se puede optimizar la capacidad de negociación; también se demostró para los importadores como pueden obtener mayor plazo para pagos y  mejorar su flujo de caja. Conclusiones: Se concluye que el Forfaiting  está en crecimiento. Se demuestra en el procedimiento que acceder al financiamiento no es complicado y se concluye que todos tienen acceso a utilizarlo siempre y cuando utilicen como medio de pago una Carta de Crédito y además no involucra la línea de crédito del cliente con su banco

Las Nuevas Galápagos:: Turismo y Desarrollo para el Norte del Perú

In the Piura-Lambayeque Region, in Northern Peru, there are two groups of islands near the Pacific Coast. One is Lobosde-Tierra and the other one is Lobos-de-Afuera, because it is located further away into the ocean. This paper proposesconstruing an artificial floating island between the two groups of islands mentioned above. This would create a larger clusterof islands that will serve only as a sanctuary for the sea lions and other marine species that live in the area, such as penguinsand other births. This cluster of islands could become the Peruvian Galapagos. The costs of the investment project are calculated by using the data from similar endeavors in China or Denmark or TheMaldives. We may assume that the unit costs for the Artificial Floating Island in Peru are equal to the unit costs of anothersimilar project of artificial floating islands in those countries. The benefits of this investment project will be the new incomegenerated by the new cruise tourism. We may assume that the benefits of the project may be estimated from the actual tourismrevenue from the Galapagos Islands. The paper advances that the benefit-cost ratio will be positive and the internal rate of return will be higher than other tourismprojects already approved by development banks, such as the Inter-American Development Bank. The new project will also help relief from the situation Peru is facing with the global COVID-19 pandemic. Economic recession is plaguing Peru in the 2020s and amounts as one of the worst economic situations of the last 100 years. Also, the global economy is in contraction in Europe and other regions. In fact, the aftermath of the pandemic will be considered as years of economic development lost for some countries like Peru. Specifically, receptive tourism in Peru is in danger of extinction after the pandemic. Actually, Peruvian tourism, which gives employment to 1.4 million people who are mainly women, is in collapse. Also, this article aims to make proposals to help tourism sales recover their position as the most important section of serviceexports in Peru. The proposal is intended to encourage a nontraditional tourism on the tropical coast of Northern Peruthat should complement the traditional archeological tourism. The conclusions make emphasis on the fact that, at present,Peru is not exploiting its comparative advantage in tourism, which could become a leading sector of the economy. Finally,our thesis is based on the notion that, from 2021 onwards, the recovery of the Peruvian economy must necessarily be basedon exploiting the recovery of external demand rather than putting our trust in domestic demand growth.In the Piura-Lambayeque Region, in Northern Peru, there are two groups of islands near the Pacific Coast. One is Lobos-de-Tierra and the other one is Lobos-de-Afuera, because it is located further away into the ocean. This paper proposes construing an artificial floating island between the two groups of islands mentioned above. This would create a larger cluster of islands that will serve only as a sanctuary for the sea lions and other marine species that live in the area, such as penguins and other births. This cluster of islands could become the Peruvian Galapagos.The costs of the investment project are calculated by using the data from similar endeavors in China or Denmark or The Maldives. We may assume that the unit costs for the Artificial Floating Island in Peru are equal to the unit costs of another similar project of artificial floating islands in those countries. The benefits of this investment project will be the new income generated by the new cruise tourism. We may assume that the benefits of the project may be estimated from the actual tourism revenue from the Galapagos Islands.The paper advances that the benefit-cost ratio will be positive and the internal rate of return will be higher than other tourism projects already approved by development banks, such as the Inter-American Development Bank. The new project will also help relief from the situation Peru is facing with the global COVID-19 pandemic. Economic recession is plaguing Peru in the 2020s and amounts as one of the worst economic situations of the last 100 years. Also, the global economy is in contraction in Europe and other regions. In fact, the aftermath of the pandemic will be considered as years of economic development lost for some countries like Peru. Specifically, receptive tourism in Peru is in danger of extinction after the pandemic. Actually, Peruvian tourism, which gives employment to 1.4 million people who are mainly women, is in collapse. Also, this article aims to make proposals to help tourism sales recover their position as the most important section of service exports in Peru. The proposal is intended to encourage anontraditional tourism on the tropical coast of Northern Peru that should complement the traditional archeological tourism. The conclusions make emphasis on the fact that, at present, Peru is not exploiting its comparative advantage in tourism, which could become a leading sector of the economy. Finally, our thesis is based on the notion that, from 2021 onwards, the recovery of the Peruvian economy must necessarily be based on exploiting the recovery of external demand rather than putting our trust in domestic demand growth

Shock del precio del cobre sobre la pobreza en el Perú: un análisis a nivel provincial

In the context of high copper prices in recent years, which quadrupled its value since the beginning of the 2000s, thisresearch proposes to analyze the effects of variations in the copper price, which is the main mineral exported by Peru, on thepoverty ratio. For this reason, a DIF & DIF model is proposed. The results indicate that for every rise of 1% in the copperprice, from the super cycle of commodities price, in the longterm, declines of 0.061 percentage points in poverty rates weregenerated in provinces where copper is extracted in contrast to provinces where copper is not extracted. In conclusion, copperis a very important commodity for the development of Peru.En el contexto de altos precios del cobre en los últimos años, que cuadriplicaron su valor desde inicios de la década de 2000, esta investigación se propone analizar los efectos de las variaciones del precio del cobre, principal mineral exportado por el Perú, sobre el índice de pobreza. Por este motivo se propone un modelo DIF & DIF. Los resultados indican que por cada aumento del 1% en el precio del cobre, a partir del superciclo de los precios de las materias primas, en el largo plazo, se generaron caídas de 0,061 puntos porcentuales en las tasas de pobreza en las provinciasdonde se extrae cobre, en contraste con las provincias donde el cobre no se extrae. En conclusión, el cobre es un mineral muy importante para el desarrollo del Perú

Indicadores de riesgo y el retorno esperado en la inversión extranjera directa en el sector minero de Perú y Chile (2006-2023)

The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of the expected return on capital and risk indicators on investors’ decision-making in the mining sector of Peru and Chile during the 2006-2023 period. The research focuses on three exogenous variables: the cost of capital calculated using the CAPM model, the corruption perception index, and the governance index. The endogenous variable is Foreign Direct Investment, with all variables expressed in annual periods. Additionally, the methodology employed corresponds to the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. As main results, it is shown that the political risks captured in the CorruptionPerception Index (CPI) and the governance index (WGI) are not significant for the flows of foreign direct investments for Peru, however, if they are significant, it is said that they do influence Chile’s foreign direct investment flows. On the other hand, the expected performance of the mining sector presents positive effects on the investment flows for the study countries, that is, there is a direct relationship, with an increase in the expected performance of the sector, foreign investment from the countries of studywill increase.El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar el impacto del retorno esperado de capital y de los indicadores de riesgo en la toma de decisiones de los inversores en el sector minero de Perú y Chile durante el período del 2007-2023 en frecuencia anual. La  investigación se enfoca en tres variables exógenas: el costo de capital calculado mediante el modelo CAPM, el índice de percepción de corrupción y el índice de gobernanza. La variable endógena es la Inversión extranjera directa, todas las variables son expresadas en períodos anuales. Asimismo, la metodología empleada corresponde al modelo Autorregresivo de Rezagos Distribuidos (ARDL).Como principales resultados, se demuestra que los riesgos políticos captados en el Índice de percepción de corrupción (CPI) y el índice de gobernanza (WGI) no son significativos para los flujos de inversiones extranjera directa para Perú, sin embargo, si son significativos, es decir que si tienen un efecto en los flujos de inversión extranjera directa de Chile. Por otro lado, el rendimiento esperado del sector minero presente efectos positivos a los flujos de inversión para los países de estudio, es decir, que existe una relación directa, frente un aumento del rendimiento esperado del sector minero aumentará la inversión extranjera de los países de estudio

Infraestructura tecnológica en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje en instituciones educativas: una revisión sistemática

The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of virtual and hybrid teaching methods, leading to substantial changes in educational approaches. This study focused on evaluating the effect of mediating technologies on post-pandemic educational processes, emphasizing their essential role in enhancing interaction and cooperation between teachers and students. Although their relevance is evident, challenges persist in terms of access, quality, and evaluation of technological educational initiatives. To address these challenges, a comprehensive literature review was conducted, examining 26 international academic studies published in the last five years. The findings indicate that mediating technologies positively influence motivation, student retention, and self-directed learning, especially in higher education and language teaching. However, the effects vary depending on the context. It is recommended to implement a technological strategy in the classroom that enhances learning and supports holistic education, highlighting the importance of developing comprehensive programs for planning, execution, and evaluation of educational technologies before applying these findings in specific contexts like Colombia.La pandemia del COVID-19 aceleró la adopción de métodos de enseñanza virtuales e híbridos, provocando cambios sustanciales en los enfoques educativos. Este estudio se centró en evaluar el efecto de las tecnologías mediadoras en los procesos educativos posteriores a la pandemia, subrayando su rol esencial en mejorar la interacción y cooperación entre docentes y estudiantes. Aunque su relevancia es evidente, persisten desafíos en cuanto al acceso, la calidad y la evaluación de las iniciativas educativas tecnológicas. Para enfrentar estos retos, se ejecutó una revisión literaria, examinando 26 estudios académicos internacionales publicados en los últimos cinco años. Los hallazgos indican que las tecnologías mediadoras influyen positivamente en la motivación, la retención de estudiantes y el aprendizaje autodirigido, especialmente en la educación superior y la enseñanza de idiomas. Sin embargo, los efectos varían según el contexto. Se recomienda una estrategia de implementación tecnológica en el aula que potencie los aprendizajes y apoye una formación integral, resaltando la importancia de desarrollar programas integrales de planificación, ejecución y evaluación de tecnologías educativas antes de aplicar estos hallazgos en contextos específicos como el colombiano

Representaciones sociales sobre ciberbullying en padres y docentes de un colegio de Lima en contexto de pandemia

After the arrival of the pandemic, not only the traditional forms of teaching-learning in schools changed, but also the violence, thus generating cyberbullying, in this regard, it is important to address what parents and teachers think about it. Thus, the objective is to know the social representations about cyberbullying in parents and teachers of a school in Lima in the context of pandemic. For this purpose, a qualitative research of reflexive thematic analysis design was carried out where 10 semi-structured interviews were applied to (5) teachers and (5) parents. It was found that, cyberbullying is perceived as a type of cyber violence among peers that manifests itself through verbal violence, as well as photo editing; also, the victims are perceived as introverted, the aggressors as lacking affection, and the spectators as normalizers of violence as entertainment. Regarding the contextualization of cyberbullying, participants point to dysfunctional family dynamics as the main cause, which generates emotional instability. Finally, regarding the coping of parents and teachers, the importance of involvement is found, and emphasis is placed on the prevention of the problem through different mechanisms. It is concluded that the participants represent cyberbullying as cyber violence, involving aggressors with affective deficiencies, introverted victims and bystanders who normalize violence. For their part, they indicate that the perpetrators come from families with dysfunctional dynamics; finally, they stress the need for active involvement and prevention on their part.Tras la llegada de la pandemia, cambiaron no solo las formas tradicionales de enseñanza-aprendizaje en los colegios, sino también las violencias, generándose así el ciberbullying, al respecto, resulta importante abordar lo que los padres y docentes piensan de esta. Así, se plantea como objetivo conocer las representaciones sociales sobre el ciberbullying en padres y docentes de un colegio de Lima en el contexto de pandemia. Para ello se realizó una investigación cualitativa de diseño de análisis temático reflexivo donde se aplicaron 10 entrevistas semiestructuradas, a (5) docentes y (5) padres de familia. Se encontró que, el ciberbullying es percibido como un tipo de violencia cibernética entre pares que se manifiesta por medio de la violencia verbal, así como la edición de fotos; asimismo, las víctimas son percibidas como introvertidas, los agresores como carentes afectivos, y los espectadores como normalizadores de la violencia a modo de entretenimiento. En cuanto a la contextualización del ciberbullying los participantes señalan como principal causa a la dinámica familiar disfuncional, que genera inestabilidad emocional. Finalmente, en cuanto al afrontamiento de padres y docentes, se encuentra la importancia del involucramiento, y se hace hincapié en la prevención de la problemática a través de distintos mecanismos. Se concluye que los participantes representan al ciberbullying como una violencia cibernética, que involucra agresores con carencias afectivas, víctimas introvertidas y espectadores que normalizan la violencia. Por su parte, indican que los violentadores provendrían de familias con dinámicas disfuncionales; finalmente, subrayan la necesidad de involucramiento y prevención activa por su parte

Participación parental en educación básica latinoamericana: revisión sistemática

There is consensus among researchers about the benefits of parental involvement in primary school education. The empirical development available refers to research mainly developed in the countries of the northern hemisphere where educational inequalities are less visible than in Latin American countries. When it is integrated, it is not addressed in a differentiated way, which limits knowledge about the specificities and commonalities between its countries. The objective of this research is to analyze the Latin American scientific production that addresses the study of parental involvement in the field of primary school education, published between 2020 to 2024, following the methodological guidelines of Systematic Reviews. The review highlights the scarce and unequal production between countries where studies on parental involvement from a pedagogical and formative approach prevail. Following what has been described for the Spanish case and the Anglophone countries, the review shows the use of different concepts to refer to parental involvement. The few definitions found show distinctions between the notions of involvement, implication, connection between families and schools and parental participation, which shows a novel conceptual development compared to what is found in northern countries.Existe consenso entre los investigadores acerca de los beneficios de la participación parental en la educación escolar primaria. El desarrollo empírico disponible remite a investigaciones centralmente desarrolladas en los países del hemisferio norte donde las desigualdades educativas son menos visibles que en los países latinoamericanos. Cuando se la integra, esta no es abordada de forma diferenciada, lo cual limita el conocimiento sobre las especificidades y comunalidades entre sus países. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la producción científica latinoamericana que aborda el estudio de la participación parental en el campo de la educación escolar primaria, publicada entre los años 2019 y año 2024, siguiendo los lineamientos metodológicos de las revisiones sistemáticas. La revisión destaca la escasa y desigual producción entre los países donde priman los estudios sobre involucramiento parental desde un enfoque pedagógico y formativo. Siguiendo lo que se ha descrito para el caso español y los países anglófonos la revisión muestra el uso de conceptos diferentes para referirse a la participación parental. Las escasas definiciones encontradas muestran distinciones entre las nociones de involucramiento, implicación, conexión entre familias-escuela y participación parental, lo que muestra un desarrollo conceptual novedoso respecto a lo que se encuentra en los países del norte

Adicción a las redes sociales y habilidades sociales en estudiantes de secundaria

There is discussion about the possibility of predicting and controlling addictions by intervening in social skills; the results found before are contradictory. In this study, addiction to social networks and social skill were related in predictive terms. A non-probabilistic sample of 142 high school students residing in Tacna-Peru, aged 14 to 17, was used. They were given the social network addiction questionnaire and the Goldstein social skills questionnaire. A small negative correlation was found between the dimensions of both instruments; the regression analysis allowed to identify that obsession with social networks weakly predicted changes in communication skills, alternatives to violence and pro-friendliness; and that the pro-frieidliness dimension exerts influence on obsession with social networks and lack of control; the comparative analysis found that those who use social networks more frequently are more likely to develop an addiction. On the other hand, in both the social media addiction questionnaire and the social skills questionnaire, men and women do not have differences, even when comparing the data by level of education. It is concluded that, at higher levels of addiction to social networks, there are lower social skills; and that the greater the amount of time spent using social networks, the greater the probability of addiction; the predictive analysis carried out shows weak effects. The data found can be used for the design of preventive programs.Existe discusión sobre la posibilidad de predecir y controlar las adicciones interviniendo las habilidades sociales, los resultados hallados antes son contradictorios, en este estudio, se relacionó adicción a redes sociales y habilidades sociales en términos predictivos.  Se trabajó con una muestra no probabilística de 142 estudiantes de nivel secundario residentes en Tacna-Perú, de 14 a 17 años de edad, a quienes se les aplicaron el cuestionario de adicción a redes sociales y el cuestionario de habilidades sociales de Goldstein. Se encontró correlación negativa de tamaño pequeño entre las dimensiones de ambos instrumentos; el análisis de regresión permitió identificar que obsesión por las redes sociales predijo débilmente cambios en las habilidades de comunicación, alternativas a la violencia y proamicales; y que la dimensión de habilidades proamicales ejerce influencia sobre obsesión por las redes sociales y falta de control; el análisis comparativo encontró que quienes usan más frecuentemente las RS tienen más probabilidad de desarrollar una adicción; por otro lado, tanto en el cuestionario de adicción a redes sociales como en el de las habilidades sociales, hombres y mujeres no tienen diferencias, tampoco comparando los datos por el nivel de estudios. Se concluye que, a mayores niveles de adicción a redes sociales se encuentran menores habilidades sociales; y que a mayor cantidad de tiempo de uso de las redes sociales existe más probabilidad de adicción; el análisis predictivo realizado muestra efectos débiles. Los datos hallados pueden ser utilizados para el diseño de programas preventivos