Diametric struture dynamics for tree and shrub natural regeneration understory within pure stands of Mimosa scabrella Bentham planted on a mined-out site at Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais state

A área do Retiro-Branco, de propriedade da Companhia Geral de Minas, subsidiária da ALCOA Alumínio S.A., foi minerada para a extração de bauxita de 1978 até 1981. Em 1982/1983, essa área teve seu processo de reabilitação implementado mediante a hidrossemeadura de gramíneas e leguminosas e o plantio puro de Mimosa scabrella Bentham. Em 1997 foi realizado o primeiro inventário da regeneração natural do Retiro-Branco, aravés da implantação de 19 parcelas permanentes para caracterização inicial do processo de sucessão natural. E em 2000 foi realizado o segundo inventário dessas parcelas para caracterizar o processo de dinâmica da regeneração, o objeto deste trabalho. O processo de dinâmica da regeneração natural foi caracterizado mediante análises quantitativas e qualitativas da distribuição diamétrica. Os estudos indicaram que o monitoramento mediante inventário florestal contínuo, com parcelas permanentes setorizadas, é uma ferramenta viável para avaliações da dinâmica da regeneração natural, rumo à compreensão dos caminhos da sucessão. Foi caracterizado o processo de estratificação da regeneração natural, em que as espécies pioneiras e clímax foram as principais componentes do estrato inferior e as secundárias, as principais componentes do estrato superior. O povoamento florestal do Retiro-Branco está sobre intensa atividade de estruturação, caracterizando o estágio inicial do processo de sucessão. As espécies secundárias são as de maior dominância nas maiores classes de altura e de diâmetro, sendo as principais responsáveis pela edificação do estrato superior. A prognose da distribuição diamétrica, realizada mediante o emprego da Cadeia de Markov, foi uma ferramenta de fácil implementação e que permitiu prever o caminho do processo de sucessão para o povoamento todo e para os grupos ecológicos de espécies, ampliando o entendimento dos mecanismos que regem o comportamento interno da sucessão. _______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTRetiro-Branco mine, a property of Companhia Geral de Minas, subsidiary of ALCOA Alumínio S.A., underwent bauxite extraction from 1978 to 1981. In 1982/1983 as part of its mine rehabilitation strategy, herbaceous species were hydroseeded and tree seedlings of Mimosa scabrella Bentham planted in the mining site. In 1997, 19 sample plots (50m2) were established in this area for the initial characterization of the natural regeneration process. In 2000, a second inventory was performed in the same plots to characterize natural regeneration dynamics. The process of natural regeneration dynamics was characterized through quantitative and qualitative analyses of diameter distribution. These studies demonstrated that using continuous forest inventory with a sample plot grid is a viable tool for evaluating natural regeneration dynamics. The stratification process for natural regeneration was characterized. Pioneer and climax species are the main components of the inferior stratum and the secondary ones the main component of the superior stratum. Retiro-Branco forest was found to be undergoing intense structuring activity, characterizing initial stage of succession. Secondary species are the most dominant in classes with greatest height and diameter, being the most responsible for the superior stratum construction. Diameter distribution prediction using Markov Matrix proved to be a simple way for foreseeing both the succession process of natural regeneration and future ecological groupings of species, increasing the understanding of mechanisms that rule internal succession behavior

A sobrevivência como foco: cotidiano e perspectiva de futuro dos catadores de materiais recicláveis.

DOI: não consta, por isso foi disponibilizado o link de acesso.Tem-se o excesso de lixo como um dos mais graves problemas ambientais da atualidade, sendo urgente a necessidade de se encontrarem soluções para seu destino final e minimizar os problemas sociais e ambientais por ele acarretados. Nesse contexto estão os catadores de material reciclável, num cenário de exclusão e marginalização, tendo o lixo como principal meio de sobrevivência. Este estudo foi realizado a partir de uma perspectiva qualitativa voltada para o cotidiano dos catadores que trabalham coletando material reciclável em Ipatinga, MG. Os objetivos foram identificar e analisar o cotidiano dos catadores, bem como suas perspectivas quanto ao futuro. Foram utilizados como técnica de coleta e construção de dados o questionário, a entrevista semiestruturada e a observação direta. Para interpretá-los, utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo. O cotidiano do catador é desgastante, e catar lixo é uma estratégia relacionada à capacidade de inventar formas de sobrevivência num mundo que passa a condenar à marginalidade os situados fora do mercado de trabalho.There have been excess of garbage as one of the most serious environmental problems of present, and the urgent need to find solutions to their final destination and to minimize the social and environmental problems entailed by it. In this context are the collectors of recyclable materials, a scenario of exclusion and marginalization, and the garbage as the main means of survival. This study was conducted from a qualitative perspective, focused on the daily lives of scavengers who work collecting recyclables in Ipatinga-MG. The objective was to identify and analyze the daily lives of scavengers and their prospects for the future. Was used as a technique for data collection and construction of the questionnaire, semi-structured interviews and direct observation. To interpret them we used the content analysis. The collector is exhausting routine of picking up trash and is a strategy related to the ability to invent ways of survival in a world that is condemning the eradication of the outside labor market

The Ursinus Weekly, October 31, 1968

Evaluation favorable; Provincialism assailed • Nixon overwhelms Humphrey; Rightward trend reflected • Founders\u27 Day honors alumni; Honorary degrees conferred • Secret society members elected • Placement Office offers services to \u2769 graduates • Barbara Bruzgo crowned \u2768 Homecoming Queen • Editorial: Activities chaos • Grand Dragon at U.C.; Klan views stated • Grape conspiracy • Letters to the editor • Formation of a fourth party • Editorial: Literary dilemma • Arts forum features four faculty speakers • Opinion: Sulphuric acid + gas • Bears rip Garnet in Homecoming game after humiliating defeat at Muhlenberg • Gillespie and Gane selected as co-captains • Soccer team defeated by Mules and Delaware as Grau is injured • Inside track: And Drexel makes eighteen • Bearettes and West Chester battle here next Thursday • Magicians, Homecoming and R. J. Whatley • Flowers are still undefeated as I.T.F.L. enters fourth week; Beta Sig upsets Sig Rho, 12-7 • Del Valley\u27s QB is man to watch • Hockey team destroys opponents; Cash and Landis star, score 13 • Greek gleaningshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1165/thumbnail.jp

The Ursinus Weekly, October 17, 1968

Fraternities hopeful as Homecoming approaches; Reigning Queen to be selected in regal runoff • Student teachers gain experience • Frosh elect officers; President sets goals • Curtain Club changes name to ProTheatre • Ryan Brothers highlights UC folk concert • Editorial: A matter of concern • On love and hate • Coke culture to stay Glenesk tells Forum • Letters • Dr. Byerly raps Greeks; Calls rushing degrading • Freshmen induction: Questionable success • Intruders in concert • Exchange column • Another view: Ursinus change • Opinion: Political commentary • Expansion necessitates dormitory renovations • SFARC minutes • Ursinus students to participate in TV program • U.C. students speak at pre-med meeting • Parents feted at gala event • Bear Gridders fall to Johns Hopkins and Lebanon Valley; Streaking Harriers extend undefeated string to fifteen • Grau predicts comeback for soccer squad • A little bit about everything or not much about anything • UC hockey team edges Penn, 2-1 as Cash scores decisive goal • Ursinus must stop Muhlenberg offense • Sig Rho and Apes are on top in I.T. fraternity division; Flowers down Day Study, 13-6 • Greek gleaningshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1164/thumbnail.jp

The Ursinus Weekly, December 19, 1968

Messiah presented by Ursinus choir; Performances draw SRO audiences • Frat system & houses favored by students; 12% thumbs down! • 878 enrolled in U.C. Evening School • YM-YWCA supports SFARC investigation • Editorial: Activities chaos rolls on • Drama in real life • Student long-term planning committee report • Letters to the editor • Flu strikes East; U.C. still healthy • A memory with pillars • A Christmas story • Murmurs from within • Exchange • Faculty portrait: Mr. Sharp; Hangup on social problems overshadows intellectual quest • UC pranks: They\u27re all in good fun; Was Freeland ghost really Dr. Helfferich? • Many of greatest pranks took place in Chapel • Doctors Yost and Parsons recall Ursinus shenanigans of yesteryear; Boycotts, pigs, moths make hits • Protheatre makes hit debut in New Theatre production • Opinion: Open letter to Byron Jackson • Greek gleanings • Winning doesn\u27t count but being clean-shaven does • Snellbelles open against Moravian • Outweighed, but still fighting • Bears to face area teams, will see many super sophs • Women\u27s wrestling wound-up • Quiet revolution topic of discussion • Dr. Lewis announces $1000 trust fund • Blacks\u27 non-recognition: one topic for USGAhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1168/thumbnail.jp

Writing in Britain and Ireland, c. 400 to c. 800

No abstract available

The Welfare Implications of Using Exotic Tortoises as Ecological Replacements

<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Ecological replacement involves the introduction of non-native species to habitats beyond their historical range, a factor identified as increasing the risk of failure for translocations. Yet the effectiveness and success of ecological replacement rely in part on the ability of translocatees to adapt, survive and potentially reproduce in a novel environment. We discuss the welfare aspects of translocating captive-reared non-native tortoises, <em>Aldabrachelys gigantea</em> and <em>Astrochelys radiata</em>, to two offshore Mauritian islands, and the costs and success of the projects to date.</p> <h3>Methodology/Principal Findings</h3><p>Because tortoises are long-lived, late-maturing reptiles, we assessed the progress of the translocation by monitoring the survival, health, growth, and breeding by the founders. Between 2000 and 2011, a total of 26 <em>A. gigantea</em> were introduced to Ile aux Aigrettes, and in 2007 twelve sexually immature <em>A. gigantea</em> and twelve male <em>A. radiata</em> were introduced to Round Island, Mauritius. Annual mortality rates were low, with most animals either maintaining or gaining weight. A minimum of 529 hatchlings were produced on Ile aux Aigrettes in 11 years; there was no potential for breeding on Round Island. Project costs were low. We attribute the success of these introductions to the tortoises’ generalist diet, habitat requirements, and innate behaviour.</p> <h3>Conclusions/Significance</h3><p>Feasibility analyses for ecological replacement and assisted colonisation projects should consider the candidate species’ welfare during translocation and in its recipient environment. Our study provides a useful model for how this should be done. In addition to serving as ecological replacements for extinct Mauritian tortoises, we found that releasing small numbers of captive-reared <em>A. gigantea</em> and <em>A. radiata</em> is cost-effective and successful in the short term. The ability to release small numbers of animals is a particularly important attribute for ecological replacement projects since it reduces the potential risk and controversy associated with introducing non-native species.</p> </div

Evaluating the Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Mutation D614G on Transmissibility and Pathogenicity.

Global dispersal and increasing frequency of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variant D614G are suggestive of a selective advantage but may also be due to a random founder effect. We investigate the hypothesis for positive selection of spike D614G in the United Kingdom using more than 25,000 whole genome SARS-CoV-2 sequences. Despite the availability of a large dataset, well represented by both spike 614 variants, not all approaches showed a conclusive signal of positive selection. Population genetic analysis indicates that 614G increases in frequency relative to 614D in a manner consistent with a selective advantage. We do not find any indication that patients infected with the spike 614G variant have higher COVID-19 mortality or clinical severity, but 614G is associated with higher viral load and younger age of patients. Significant differences in growth and size of 614G phylogenetic clusters indicate a need for continued study of this variant