Exploratory investigation of the effect of nylon grain size on ablation of phenolic nylon

Exploratory investigation of nylon grain size effect on ablation of phenolic nylo

Determination of the hypersonic-continuum/rarefied-flow drag coefficient of the Viking lander capsule 1 aeroshell from flight data

Results of an investigation to determine the full scale drag coefficient in the high speed, low density regime of the Viking lander capsule 1 entry vehicle are presented. The principal flight data used in the study were from onboard pressure, mass spectrometer, and accelerometer instrumentation. The hypersonic continuum flow drag coefficient was unambiguously obtained from pressure and accelerometer data; the free molecule flow drag coefficient was indirectly estimated from accelerometer and mass spectrometer data; the slip flow drag coefficient variation was obtained from an appropriate scaling of existing experimental sphere data. Comparison of the flight derived drag hypersonic continuum flow regime except for Reynolds numbers from 1000 to 100,000, for which an unaccountable difference between flight and ground test data of about 8% existed. The flight derived drag coefficients in the free molecule flow regime were considerably larger than those previously calculated with classical theory. The general character of the previously determined temperature profile was not changed appreciably by the results of this investigation; however, a slightly more symmetrical temperature variation at the highest altitudes was obtained

An exploration of tools, techniques and procedures for evaluating informational/educational multimedia software

This thesis explored the evaluation of informational/educational systems. It investigated the features of the design of an evaluation system needed to conduct the summative evaluation of informational and educational software. In designing this evaluation methodology, several questions were addressed: - What is needed to be achieved from an evaluation? - Which characteristics/features of a system required evaluation? - How was the evaluation going to be conducted? - How can future developers use the information obtained from the evaluation? - What were the scope and the limitations of the proposed evaluation? - How can evaluation tools, techniques and procedures developed by this research, be useful in the design of evaluation systems for similar informational/educational software? To answer these questions an in-depth review of the available literature and electronic resources that address the area of multimedia software evaluation was conducted. In order to identify the best tools to conduct an efficient and effective evaluation it was also imperative to examine and assess tools and techniques already developed. It was then possible to proceed with the design and construction of an evaluation system, based on a thorough familiarity with and understanding of previous work conducted in this area. The EduKit2000 CD produced and distributed by Edith Cowan University to all commencing and external students was selected as a case study with which to implement and test the evaluation system. Because of the availability and the proximity of both the developers and the end-users, it was considered an appropriate choice. The evaluation program developed involved the use of four evaluation tools. These consisted of an expert review, a questionnaire, user and novice testing. The questionnaire was sent out with the CD. The feedback received from the questionnaire was analysed in conjunction with the data returned from the other evaluation tools and the summative evaluation of the CD was conducted, in order to determine whether the product reflected the requirements of its developers. Analysis of the returned research data aimed to discover what future changes may be required to be implemented to the original product in order for it to fulfil those requirements, while still remaining a cost-effective, freely distributed product. More importantly, this evaluation of EduKit2000 was intended as a road test of the methodology developed by this research. It made it possible to identify and improve some features of the evaluation plan and strategy that did not perform us well as anticipated. The research conducted for the purpose of this thesis explored the evaluation of informational systems and achieved four distinct objectives: 1. A methodology was researched, designed and developed to comprehensively evaluate informational/educational systems 2. This methodology was tested by using a case study (EduKit2000) to which it was applied. 3. The methodology was evaluated and reviewed, and recommendations were formulated for improvements. 4. A comprehensive evaluation of EduKit2000 was produced, along with recommendations for improving the product. By adequately identifying those areas that can be improved in order for the product to fulfil its objectives, the evaluation system developed by this research was demonstrated to be an effective, and cost-effective, methodology for evaluations of informational/educational software

Wrestling Control from the UNICAP Regulations: The Irrelevance of Quality Control in Determining Capitalizable Trademark Royalties

Taxpayers generally must capitalize direct and indirect costs attributable to their production of inventory. Due to uncertainty about whether this requirement applies to sales-based trademark royalties, the regulations now clarify that these royalties are indeed capitalizable as indirect production costs. However, the regulations also let taxpayers allocate these sales-based costs entirely to cost of goods sold. So, to the relief of taxpayers, the regulations have the practical effect of permitting immediate cost recovery—similar to a business expense deduction—for sales-based royalties. This Article questions the rationale for treating trademark royalties as capitalizable indirect costs. It argues that the regulations inappropriately rely on a licensor’s retention of control over product quality to link a licensed mark with inventory production and hence treat the associated royalties as production costs. The Article finds such reliance inappropriate because every valid trademark license involves a retention of control and the significance of control has diminished in modern trademark law and licensing practices. The Article further explains how this focus on control inadvertently makes all trademark royalties (including minimum and upfront royalties) capitalizable as indirect costs and therefore potentially allocable to ending inventory. Finally, the Article describes how the unique nature of trademarks complicates efforts to classify many royalties as capitalizable indirect costs. By stressing the actual use of a mark rather than licensing terms, the Article proposes that the regulations illustrate capitalizable indirect costs more narrowly by referencing royalties paid to license trademarked product designs. But the Article also contends that the regulations could appropriately treat trademark royalties as direct costs where, as happens with increasing frequency, a licensed mark becomes an integral part of the goods being produced

Effect of Increased Water Temperature on Warm Water Fish Feeding Behavior and Habitat Use

Global warming could cause changes in species behavior and life history. Stream fish may be significantly affected by climate change because individuals are restricted in their movements by water systems and other physical factors, preventing migration to locations more thermally suitable. The effect of warmer waters on stream fish could change behavior and affect the fish species survival and ultimately ecosystem function. During my experiment I observed the effects of increased water temperature on the feeding behavior and habitat use of two native Minnesota fish species, black crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus) and black bullhead (Ameiurus melas). An increase of 2oC over a period of 4 weeks resulted in a 35% decrease in the number of feeding events by black bullheads and an increase of 22.2% for black crappies. Significant changes in habitat use were also observed during the study, with bullheads increasing their use of open areas, plant cover, and swimming behavior, while decreasing their use of brick interior for cover and searching behavior. Crappies were found to increase their use of open areas and swimming behavior, while decreasing their use of the brick exterior for cover. These results provide insight about the future effects of increased water temperature on the feeding behavior, habitat use, and ecosystems of fish species

The All Events Test in an Era of Self-Regulation

Accrual-method taxpayers must use the all events tests to account for rights and liabilities under contracts for sales of goods and services. These longstanding tests evolved from transactions that involved relatively straightforward exchanges of goods or services for payments, and the tests currently reflect an expectation that a taxpayer will usually make an accrual when a seller’s performance fixes the contracting parties’ respective right to and liability for payment. Business practices have changed such that many sales now occur in relationships where contracting parties assume, monitor, and enforce process-related obligations, including adoptions of codes of conduct by members of global supply chains. This Article explains how these efforts to self-regulate transactions complicate applications of the all events tests because the expectations of performance and consequences of noncompliance for credence attributes of goods or services have uncertain effects on the “fixed” nature of payment obligations. In order to avoid these complications, the Article proposes that the all events tests should recognize an implied requirement of acceptance. Under this proposal, a buyer’s acceptance of goods or services, rather than the seller’s performance, would establish a fixed payment obligation and respect the parties’ efforts to regulate aspects of the sale transaction beyond the mere conveyance of the goods or services.

Liberatory Learning: An Attentive, Problem-Posing Praxis for Multi-Species Dialogue

In this paper, I explore how a praxis of attentiveness in combination with Freirean “problemposing” education might enable other animals to be teachers, leaders, and visionaries of their own liberation in the challenging context of Western, formal education where other animals as complex and subjective beings are typically excluded. I see this embodied, liberatory praxis as necessary in a context where the AIC systematically transforms other animals into commodities. I also see this praxis as an alternative to liberatory frameworks that center human actors while denying the active participation of other animals in their own liberation. I draw from ethics-based-epistemology, critical animal studies, and critical disability studies as my primary lenses of analysis. I also thread themes of playfulness and difference throughout. Through a mix of reflective vignettes, traditionally academic prose, and fictional musings, I explore how an attentive praxis enables nonverbal dialogue between different beings, opening up opportunities for limited understanding. I also explore Paulo Freire’s problem-posing model of education, arguing that its anthropocentrism, speciesism, and ableism exclude other animals from liberatory dialogue. I address this concern by connecting a praxis of attentiveness with problem-posing education in order to simultaneously politicize embodied attentiveness while also making liberatory dialogue inclusive of other animals

Book Review: Sara Ahmed\u27s Complaint!

Aptly named, Sara Ahmed’s (2021) Complaint! exposes the institutional processes through which feminist complaints and allegations of racism and sexism, among other forms of oppression, are silenced, redirected, and displaced. Drawing from her own experience as a woman of color who resigned from her university post “in protest about the failure of the institution to hear complaints” as well as narratives from others who have complained, Ahmed seamlessly interweaves testimonials and lived experience with theory (p. 8). This poetic and nuanced interplay of theory and praxis constructs a vision of institutions as simultaneously complaint graveyards and complaint collectives. In the face of institutional strongholds against complaint, Ahmed asks her audience to consider enacting a “feminist ear” or being attuned to mechanisms that enable feminist complaint— those who make them, and those who refuse to listen (p. 3)

A NASA high-power space-based laser research and applications program

Applications of high power lasers are discussed which might fulfill the needs of NASA missions, and the technology characteristics of laser research programs are outlined. The status of the NASA programs or lasers, laser receivers, and laser propulsion is discussed, and recommendations are presented for a proposed expanded NASA program in these areas. Program elements that are critical are discussed in detail