286 research outputs found
'Nurses' self-management support to hospitalised patients: a scoping review
Aims and Objectives: To review the current literature to map and explore the interventions that have been considered or used by nurses to support adult patients' self-management during hospitalisation. Background: Nurses can play an important role in supporting patients' self-management. Currently, however, it is unclear how nurses perform this task during a patient's stay in hospital. Traditionally, nurses take the primary role in managing patients' care during hospitalisation. Ideally, patients should have the opportunity to continue applying strategies to manage their health conditions as much as possible while in the hospital. This can increase patients' self-efficacy and decrease unnecessary readmissions. Design: Scoping review informed by the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Methods: A database search was undertaken using Pubmed, CINAHL, Psycinfo, Cochrane, Embase and grey literature sources. Data from the included studies were mapped and summarised in a narrative summary. To synthesise the information that was given about each intervention, we conducted a qualitative inductive content analysis. Results are reported in accordance with the guidelines for reporting Items for systematic review and meta-analyses extension for scoping review (PRISMA-ScR) (Supplementary File 1). Results: 83 documents were included in this review. Based on the information about the interventions, three themes were identified: 'self-management support activities', 'focus of self-management support' and the 'intervention procedure'. Five self-management support activities can be distinguished: 'giving education', 'counselling and coaching', 'enhancing responsibility', 'engaging family-caregivers' and 'supporting transition from hospital to home'. The interventions focused on improving disease-related knowledge and on strengthening several self-management skills. Information about the procedure, development and the theoretical underpinning of the intervention was often limited. Conclusions: Most activities within the nursing interventions to support adult patients' self-management during hospitalisation are the part of regular nursing care. However, the transfer of responsibility for care task to the patient is relatively new. Further research could focus on developing interventions addressing all aspects of self-management and that are embedded in the patient's care pathway across settings.Pathophysiology, epidemiology and therapy of agein
Measurement of the Bottom-Strange Meson Mixing Phase in the Full CDF Data Set
We report a measurement of the bottom-strange meson mixing phase \beta_s
using the time evolution of B0_s -> J/\psi (->\mu+\mu-) \phi (-> K+ K-) decays
in which the quark-flavor content of the bottom-strange meson is identified at
production. This measurement uses the full data set of proton-antiproton
collisions at sqrt(s)= 1.96 TeV collected by the Collider Detector experiment
at the Fermilab Tevatron, corresponding to 9.6 fb-1 of integrated luminosity.
We report confidence regions in the two-dimensional space of \beta_s and the
B0_s decay-width difference \Delta\Gamma_s, and measure \beta_s in [-\pi/2,
-1.51] U [-0.06, 0.30] U [1.26, \pi/2] at the 68% confidence level, in
agreement with the standard model expectation. Assuming the standard model
value of \beta_s, we also determine \Delta\Gamma_s = 0.068 +- 0.026 (stat) +-
0.009 (syst) ps-1 and the mean B0_s lifetime, \tau_s = 1.528 +- 0.019 (stat) +-
0.009 (syst) ps, which are consistent and competitive with determinations by
other experiments.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, Phys. Rev. Lett 109, 171802 (2012
A First Search for coincident Gravitational Waves and High Energy Neutrinos using LIGO, Virgo and ANTARES data from 2007
We present the results of the first search for gravitational wave bursts
associated with high energy neutrinos. Together, these messengers could reveal
new, hidden sources that are not observed by conventional photon astronomy,
particularly at high energy. Our search uses neutrinos detected by the
underwater neutrino telescope ANTARES in its 5 line configuration during the
period January - September 2007, which coincided with the fifth and first
science runs of LIGO and Virgo, respectively. The LIGO-Virgo data were analysed
for candidate gravitational-wave signals coincident in time and direction with
the neutrino events. No significant coincident events were observed. We place
limits on the density of joint high energy neutrino - gravitational wave
emission events in the local universe, and compare them with densities of
merger and core-collapse events.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures, science summary page at
http://www.ligo.org/science/Publication-S5LV_ANTARES/index.php. Public access
area to figures, tables at
https://dcc.ligo.org/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=p120000
Phenomenological model for the Kbar N --> K Xi reaction
A phenomenological model for the Kbar N --> K Xi reaction is suggested. The
model includes s and u channel exchanges by Lambda, Sigma, Sigma(1385), and
Lambda(1520) and s channel exchanges by above-threshold hyperonic resonances.
Explicit expression for the propagator for a particle with spin 7/2 is
presented. High-mass and high-spin resonances play a significant role in the
process. We deal with the whole set of existing experimental data on the cross
sections and polarizations in the energy range from the threshold to 2.8 GeV in
the center-of-mass system and reach a good agreement with experiments.
Applications of the model to other elementary reactions of Xi production and to
Xi hypernuclear spectroscopy are briefly discussed.Comment: Published version; minor change
National laboratory-based surveillance system for antimicrobial resistance: a successful tool to support the control of antimicrobial resistance in the Netherlands
An important cornerstone in the control of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a well-designed quantitative system for the surveillance of spread and temporal trends in AMR. Since 2008, the Dutch national AMR surveillance system, based on routine data from medical microbiological laboratories (MMLs), has developed into a successful tool to support the control of AMR in the Netherlands. It provides background information for policy making in public health and healthcare services, supports development of empirical antibiotic therapy guidelines and facilitates in-depth research. In addition, participation of the MMLs in the national AMR surveillance network has contributed to sharing of knowledge and quality improvement. A future improvement will be the implementation of a new semantic standard together with standardised data transfer, which will reduce errors in data handling and enable a more real-time surveillance. Furthermore, the
Molecular characteristics of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in the Netherlands; results of the 2014â2018 national laboratory surveillance
Objectives: Carbapenem resistance mediated by mobile genetic elements has emerged worldwide and has become a major public health threat. To gain insight into the molecular epidemiology of carbapenem resistance in The Netherlands, Dutch medical microbiology laboratories are requested to submit suspected carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) to the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment as part of a national surveillance system. Methods: Meropenem MICs and species identification were confirmed by E-test and MALDI-TOF and carbapenemase production was assessed by the Carbapenem Inactivation Method. Of all submitted CPE, one species/carbapenemase gene combination per person per year was subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS). Results: In total, 1838 unique isolates were received between 2014 and 2018, of which 892 were unique CPE isolates with NGS data available. The predominant CPE species were Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 388, 43%), Escherichia coli (n = 264, 30%) and Enterobacter cloacae complex (n = 116, 13%). Various carbapenemase alleles of the same carbapenemase gene resulted in different susceptibilities to meropenem and this effect varied between species. Analyses of NGS data showed variation of prevalence of carbapenemase alleles over time with blaOXA-48 being predominant (38%, 336/892), followed by blaNDM-1 (16%, 145/892). For the first time in the Netherlands, blaOXA-181, blaOXA-232 and blaVIM-4 were detected. The genetic background of K. pneumoniae and E. coli isolates was highly diverse. Conclusions: The CPE population in the Netherlands is diverse, suggesting multiple introductions. The predominant carbapenemase alleles are blaOXA-48 and blaNDM-1. There was a clear association between species, carbapenemase allele and susceptibility to meropenem
An organelle-specific protein landscape identifies novel diseases and molecular mechanisms
Contains fulltext :
158967.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Cellular organelles provide opportunities to relate biological mechanisms to disease. Here we use affinity proteomics, genetics and cell biology to interrogate cilia: poorly understood organelles, where defects cause genetic diseases. Two hundred and seventeen tagged human ciliary proteins create a final landscape of 1,319 proteins, 4,905 interactions and 52 complexes. Reverse tagging, repetition of purifications and statistical analyses, produce a high-resolution network that reveals organelle-specific interactions and complexes not apparent in larger studies, and links vesicle transport, the cytoskeleton, signalling and ubiquitination to ciliary signalling and proteostasis. We observe sub-complexes in exocyst and intraflagellar transport complexes, which we validate biochemically, and by probing structurally predicted, disruptive, genetic variants from ciliary disease patients. The landscape suggests other genetic diseases could be ciliary including 3M syndrome. We show that 3M genes are involved in ciliogenesis, and that patient fibroblasts lack cilia. Overall, this organelle-specific targeting strategy shows considerable promise for Systems Medicine
The gravitational wave detector VIRGO
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