A New Light Higgs Boson and Short-Baseline Neutrino Anomalies

The low-energy excesses observed by the MiniBooNE experiment have, to date, defied a convinc- ing explanation under the standard model even with accommodation for non-zero neutrino mass. In this paper we explore a new oscillation mechanism to explain these anomalies, invoking a light neu- trinophilic Higgs boson, conceived to induce a low Dirac neutrino mass in accord with experimental limits. Beam neutrinos forward-scattering off of a locally over-dense relic neutrino background give rise to a novel matter-effect with an energy-specific resonance. An enhanced oscillation around this resonance peak produces flavor transitions which are highly consistent with the MiniBooNE neutrino- and antineutrino-mode data sets. The model provides substantially improved $\chi^2$ values beyond either the no-oscillation hypothesis or the more commonly explored 3+1 sterile neutrino hy- pothesis. This mechanism would introduce distinctive signatures at each baseline in the upcoming SBN program at Fermilab, presenting opportunities for further exploration.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, submitted to PR

PENERAPAN STEMMING DENGAN ALGORITMA PORTER PADA QUERY PENCARIAN JUDUL BUKU

Perkembangan teknologi yang semakin pesat menyebabkan semua kalangan bergantung pada teknologi informasi, khususnya internet. Penggunaan internet berhubungan erat dengan pencarian informasi, yang menuntut hasil pencarian yang relevan. Hasil pencarian dalam web penjualan buku Edusarana masih dilakukan secara apa adanya, sesuai dengan inputan pengguna. Jika hasil pencarian juga menyertakan buku yang judulnya sesuai atau hampir sama dengan apa yang dimasukkan oleh pengguna web ditampilkan, maka memungkinkan penjualan buku yang meningkat. Berdasarkan masalah tersebut, fungsi pencarian web memerlukan sebuah algoritma Information Retrieval pada fungsi pencariannya yang dapat memunculkan hasil pencarian yang relevan dengan apa yang diinginkan oleh pengguna web. Salah satu algoritma yang dapat digunakan adalah algoritma stemming porter. Pada tugas akhir ini dibahas tentang pembuatan sistem yang menggunakan algoritma stemming porter, yang menghilangkan imbuhan dan menghasilkan kata dasar pada kata yang diinputkan ke dalam fungsi pencarian judul buku dengan tingkat rata-rata akurasi word stemmed factor sebesar 89.48% dan correctly stemmed words factor sebesar 93,40%

Quantifying Assurance in Learning-enabled Systems

Dependability assurance of systems embedding machine learning(ML) components---so called learning-enabled systems (LESs)---is a key step for their use in safety-critical applications. In emerging standardization and guidance efforts, there is a growing consensus in the value of using assurance cases for that purpose. This paper develops a quantitative notion of assurance that an LES is dependable, as a core component of its assurance case, also extending our prior work that applied to ML components. Specifically, we characterize LES assurance in the form of assurance measures: a probabilistic quantification of confidence that an LES possesses system-level properties associated with functional capabilities and dependability attributes. We illustrate the utility of assurance measures by application to a real world autonomous aviation system, also describing their role both in i) guiding high-level, runtime risk mitigation decisions and ii) as a core component of the associated dynamic assurance case.Comment: Author's pre-print version of manuscript accepted for publication in the Proceedings of the 39th International Conference in Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security (SAFECOMP 2020

Towards Quantification of Assurance for Learning-enabled Components

Perception, localization, planning, and control, high-level functions often organized in a so-called pipeline, are amongst the core building blocks of modern autonomous (ground, air, and underwater) vehicle architectures. These functions are increasingly being implemented using learning-enabled components (LECs), i.e., (software) components leveraging knowledge acquisition and learning processes such as deep learning. Providing quantified component-level assurance as part of a wider (dynamic) assurance case can be useful in supporting both pre-operational approval of LECs (e.g., by regulators), and runtime hazard mitigation, e.g., using assurance-based failover configurations. This paper develops a notion of assurance for LECs based on i) identifying the relevant dependability attributes, and ii) quantifying those attributes and the associated uncertainty, using probabilistic techniques. We give a practical grounding for our work using an example from the aviation domain: an autonomous taxiing capability for an unmanned aircraft system (UAS), focusing on the application of LECs as sensors in the perception function. We identify the applicable quantitative measures of assurance, and characterize the associated uncertainty using a non-parametric Bayesian approach, namely Gaussian process regression. We additionally discuss the relevance and contribution of LEC assurance to system-level assurance, the generalizability of our approach, and the associated challenges.Comment: 8 pp, 4 figures, Appears in the proceedings of EDCC 201

Histological Evaluation of the Genital Tract of Artemia parthenogenetica in Urmia Lake Area

This research aimed to study the histology of the genital tract of Artemia parthenogenetica in Urmia Lake area.The studied samples were put in the stabilization solutions of 10% formalin and Bowen in order to be investigated after verification of the experts of Artemia Research Center of country, during the hatching and rearing period in incubator, and during the sexual maturation. They were also examined after tissue periods and cut with microtome by Hematoxylin method and Eosin painting and by light microscopy and photomicrographs taken from them. In the histological study of simple epithelial cells, linings of the uterus gradually towards the output mouth are converted to stratified tissue. The basal lamina and the connective tissue are located under it. The smooth muscles are located out of the connective tissue, which gradually transforms into the striped muscle tissue to facilitate the passage of cysts in the uterus and outlet ducts

Emit now, mitigate later? Earth system reversibility under overshoots of different magnitudes and durations

Anthropogenic CO2 emissions cause irreversible climate change on centennial to millennial timescales, yet current mitigation efforts are insufficient to limit global warming to a level that is considered safe. Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) has been suggested as an option to partially reverse climate change and to return the Earth system to a less dangerous state after a period of temperature overshoot. Whether or to what extent such partial reversal of climate change under CDR would happen is, next to socio-economic feasibility and sustainability, key to assessing CDR as a mitigation option. Here, we use a state-of-the-art Earth system model that includes a representation of permafrost carbon to investigate the reversibility of the Earth system after overshoots of different durations and magnitudes in idealized simulations. We find that atmospheric CO2 concentrations are slightly lower after an overshoot, compared to a reference simulation without overshoot, due to a near-perfect compensation of carbon losses from land by increased ocean carbon uptake during the overshoot periods. The legacy of an overshoot is, on a centennial timescale, indiscernible (within natural variability) from a reference case without overshoot for many aspects of the Earth system including global average surface temperature, marine and terrestrial productivity, strength of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, surface ocean pH, surface O2 concentration, and permafrost extent, except in the most extreme overshoot scenario considered in this study. Consistent with previous studies, we find irreversibility in permafrost carbon and deep ocean properties like seawater temperature, pH, and O2 concentrations. We do not find any indication of tipping points or self-reinforcing feedbacks that would put the Earth system on a significantly different trajectory after an overshoot. Hence, the effectiveness of CDR in partially reversing large-scale patterns of climate change might not be the main issue of CDR but rather the impacts and risks that would occur during the period of elevated temperatures during the overshoot.Emit now, mitigate later? Earth system reversibility under overshoots of different magnitudes and durationspublishedVersio

Testing of High Voltage Surge Protection Devices for Use in Liquid Argon TPC Detectors

In this paper we demonstrate the capability of high voltage varistors and gas discharge tube arrestors for use as surge protection devices in liquid argon time projection chamber detectors. The insulating and clamping behavior of each type of device is characterized in air (room temperature), and liquid argon (90~K), and their robustness under high voltage and high energy surges in cryogenic conditions is verified. The protection of vulnerable components in liquid argon during a 150 kV high voltage discharge is also demonstrated. Each device is tested for argon contamination and light emission effects, and both are constrained to levels where no significant impact upon liquid argon time projection chamber functionality is expected. Both devices investigated are shown to be suitable for HV surge protection applications in cryogenic detectors.Comment: 22 pages, 18 figures v2: reduced file size for journal submissio

Histological Evaluation of the Genital Tract of Artemia parthenogenetica in Urmia Lake Area

This research aimed to study the histology of the genital tract of Artemia parthenogenetica in Urmia Lake area.The studied samples were put in the stabilization solutions of 10% formalin and Bowen in order to be investigated after verification of the experts of Artemia Research Center of country, during the hatching and rearing period in incubator, and during the sexual maturation. They were also examined after tissue periods and cut with microtome by Hematoxylin method and Eosin painting and by light microscopy and photomicrographs taken from them. In the histological study of simple epithelial cells, linings of the uterus gradually towards the output mouth are converted to stratified tissue. The basal lamina and the connective tissue are located under it. The smooth muscles are located out of the connective tissue, which gradually transforms into the striped muscle tissue to facilitate the passage of cysts in the uterus and outlet ducts