6,730 research outputs found
Experimental methods in top physics
Top quark physics at the Tevatron has inspired particle physicists to develop new methods of understanding hadron collider data. From sophisticated one-dimensional fitting techniques to multidimensional neural networks, the top
quark physics program has innovated many techniques which at this time are used extensively in the high-pT program at the Tevatron and LHC
Effects of an Interactive, Literacy-Rich Environment on the Social, Language, Cognitive, and Literacy Development of Young Children with and without Special Needs
The purpose of this study is twofold: to identify play and literacy practices that are useful in an inclusive early childhood classroom and to demonstrate how these practices contribute to the development of children with and without disabilities. Play and literacy teaching practices are documented in this study of four preschool children. Two of the children have typical development patterns and two have mild to moderate special needs
ABCNet: An attention-based method for particle tagging
In high energy physics, graph-based implementations have the advantage of
treating the input data sets in a similar way as they are collected by collider
experiments. To expand on this concept, we propose a graph neural network
enhanced by attention mechanisms called ABCNet. To exemplify the advantages and
flexibility of treating collider data as a point cloud, two physically
motivated problems are investigated: quark-gluon discrimination and pileup
reduction. The former is an event-by-event classification while the latter
requires each reconstructed particle to receive a classification score. For
both tasks ABCNet shows an improved performance compared to other algorithms
available.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure
Point Cloud Transformers applied to Collider Physics
Methods for processing point cloud information have seen a great success in
collider physics applications. One recent breakthrough in machine learning is
the usage of Transformer networks to learn semantic relationships between
sequences in language processing. In this work, we apply a modified Transformer
network called Point Cloud Transformer as a method to incorporate the
advantages of the Transformer architecture to an unordered set of particles
resulting from collision events. To compare the performance with other
strategies, we study jet-tagging applications for highly-boosted particles.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure
Measurement of the cross section for direct-photon production in association with a heavy quark in pp¯ collisions at s√ = 1.96 TeV
We report on a measurement of the cross section for direct-photon production in association with a heavy quark using the full data set of s√=1.96 TeV proton-antiproton collisions corresponding to 9.1 fb−1 of integrated luminosity collected by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The measurements are performed as a function of the photon transverse momentum, covering a photon transverse momentum between 30 and 300 GeV, photon rapidities |yγ|20 GeV, and jet rapidities |yjet|<1.5. The results are compared with several theoretical predictions
Anesthetic Considerations for Cervical Fusion Surgery in Advanced Rheumatoid Arthritis and Severe Pulmonary Hypertension
67 year-old female with a history of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) presented for urgent C4-C5 anterior diskectomy and C3-C6 posterior fusion for cervical subluxation. C-spine MRI showed severe cord impingement. The patient was brought to the operating room with minimal sedation to avoid exacerbation of PH. The radial artery was inaccessible due to flexion deformities, thus a brachial arterial line was placed. Awake fiberoptic intubation was performed with dexmedetomidine, followed by demonstration of movement of all four extremities. The anesthesia was maintained with dexmedetomidine and desflurane. The anterior and posterior portions of the procedure were performed uneventfully with no change in baseline somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) and motor evoked potentials (MEP). The patient was extubated at the end of the case and was followed in the intensive care unit (ICU) and was discharged to rehabilitation in good condition
Indirect measurement of (or ) using pairs from bosons produced in collisions at a center-of-momentum energy of 1.96 TeV
Drell-Yan lepton pairs are produced in the process through an intermediate boson. The forward-backward asymmetry in the polar-angle distribution of the as a function of the invariant mass of the pair is used to obtain the effective leptonic determination of the electroweak-mixing parameter , from which the value of is derived assuming the standard model. The measurement sample, recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF), corresponds to 9.2 fb-1 of integrated luminosity from collisions at a center-of-momentum energy of 1.96 TeV, and is the full CDF Run II data set. The value of is found to be 0.2315 +- 0.0010, where statistical and systematic uncertainties are combined in quadrature. When interpreted within the context of the standard model using the on-shell renormalization scheme, where , the measurement yields = 0.2233 +- 0.0009, or equivalently a W-boson mass of 80.365 +- 0.047 GeV/c^2. The value of the W-boson mass is in agreement with previous determinations in electron-positron collisions and at the Tevatron collider
Measurement of the charge asymmetry of electrons from the decays of W bosons produced in collisions at = 1.96 TeV
At the Fermilab Tevatron proton-antiproton (p¯p) collider, high-mass electron-neutrino (eν) pairs are produced predominantly in the process p¯p→W(→eν)+X. The asymmetry of the electron and positron yield as a function of their pseudorapidity constrain the slope of the ratio of the u- to d-quark parton distributions versus the fraction of the proton momentum carried by the quarks. This paper reports on the measurement of the electron-charge asymmetry using the full data set recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab in 2001–2011 and corresponding to 9.1 fb−1 of integrated luminosity. The measurement significantly improves the precision of the Tevatron constraints on the parton-distribution functions of the proton. Numerical tables of the measurement are provided
Forward-backward asymmetry of Drell–Yan lepton pairs in pp collisions at = 8 TeV
A measurement of the forward-backward asymmetry AFB of oppositely charged lepton pairs (μμ and ee) produced via Z/γ∗ boson exchange in pp collisions at = 8 TeV is presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The measurement of is performed for dilepton masses between 40 GeV and 2 TeV and for dilepton rapidity up to 5. The measurements as a function of dilepton mass and rapidity are compared with the standard model predictions
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