Synthesis of spiroacetals using functionalised titanium carbenoids

Alkylidenation of lactones with functionalised titanium carbenoid reagents (Schrock carbenes) followed by acid-induced cyclisation of the resulting enol ethers constitutes a new method for the preparation of [4.4], [4.5] and [5.5] spiroacetals (1,6-dioxaspiro[4.4]nonanes, 1,6-dioxaspiro[4.5]decanes and 1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecanes, respectively, sometimes termed 5,5-, 5,6- and 6,6-spiroketals). The titanium carbenoids are easily generated from readily available thioacetals

Anémie falciforme, Votre don de sang va changer des vies

Contact: [email protected]éo disponible en ligne: https://youtu.be/fCrPP-xXeDUTournage vidéo: Aisha Cariotte Vertus Montage vidéo: Chloé Larivière Participants: Andee, Laurrynda Nicolas, Romy Pierre-Charles, Marie Sonya Ondo et Wilson Sanon Merci à Parles avec ton Rythme (Rythm & soul) et Nicholas Bessette Trame sonore: Circus - CantaloupPartenaires: Association d'anémie falciforme du Québec (AAFQ) et Héma-QuébecTravail réalisé dans le cadre du cours PHA2415Ce projet vidéo portant sur l'anémie falciforme met en scène plusieurs personnes atteintes de la maladie qui dévoilent au public leur réalité et l’importance du don de sang provenant de leur communauté. À tour de rôle, ils s’expriment spontanément sur le sujet en tentant de démystifier une maladie encore peu connue de la population. Le projet vidéo témoigne d’expériences personnelles de gens inspirants, impliqués dans leur milieu, et a pour but de sensibiliser le monde sur l’importance du don de sang qui leur permettra de pleinement s’épanouir. M. Sanon, président de l’Association d’anémie falciforme du Québec (AAFQ), y partage ses expériences et son expertise en tant que porte-parole, depuis plus de 15 ans, pour cette cause qui lui tient à coeur

Viral antigens detectable in CSF exosomes from patients with retrovirus associated neurologic disease: functional role of exosomes

Abstract Background HTLV-1 infects over 20 million people worldwide and causes a progressive neuroinflammatory disorder in a subset of infected individuals called HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). The detection of HTLV-1 specific T cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) suggests this disease is immunopathologically mediated and that it may be driven by viral antigens. Exosomes are microvesicles originating from the endosomal compartment that are shed into the extracellular space by various cell types. It is now understood that several viruses take advantage of this mode of intercellular communication for packaging of viral components as well. We sought to understand if this is the case in HTLV-1 infection, and specifically if HTLV-1 proteins can be found in the CSF of HAM/TSP patients where we know free virus is absent, and furthermore, if exosomes containing HTLV-1 Tax have functional consequences. Results Exosomes that were positive for HTLV-1 Tax by Western blot were isolated from HAM/TSP patient PBMCs (25/36) in ex vivo cultures by trapping exosomes from culture supernatants. HTLV-1 seronegative PBMCs did not have exosomes with Tax (0/12), (Fisher exact test, p = 0.0001). We were able to observe HAM/TSP patient CSF (12/20) containing Tax+ exosomes but not in HTLV-1 seronegative MS donors (0/5), despite the absence of viral detection in the CSF supernatant (Fisher exact test p = 0.0391). Furthermore, exosomes cultivated from HAM/TSP PBMCs were capable of sensitizing target cells for HTLV-1 specific CTL lysis. Conclusion Cumulatively, these results show that there are HTLV-1 proteins present in exosomes found in virus-free CSF. HAM/TSP PBMCs, particularly CD4+CD25+ T cells, can excrete these exosomes containing HTLV-1 Tax and may be a source of the exosomes found in patient CSF. Importantly, these exosomes are capable of sensitizing an HTLV-1 specific immune response, suggesting that they may play a role in the immunopathology observed in HAM/TSP. Given the infiltration of HTLV-1 Tax-specific CTLs into the CNS of HAM/TSP patients, it is likely that exosomes may also contribute to the continuous activation and inflammation observed in HAM/TSP, and may suggest future targeted therapies in this disorder