Triagem auditiva neonatal em bebês notificados com microcefalia

O seminário aborda a importância e a obrigatoriedade da realização do teste da orelinha, contribuindo no diagnóstico precoce das deficiências auditivas em neonatos com microcefalia, trazendo a abordagem e os procedimentos apropriados

A comunicação interpessoal como ferramenta eficaz da equipe multiprofissional na promoção do bem-estar em um ambiente hospitalar

This article aims to identify how interpersonal communication can be an effective tool for the multidisciplinary team in promoting well-being in a hospital environment. This is an integrative literature review. It was thus possible to structure the following guiding question: “How can interpersonal communication be used as an effective tool by the multidisciplinary team in promoting the well-being of hospitalized patients?”. A survey was carried out through the electronic library, the Virtual Health Library (VHL), and the following databases were selected: Databases in Nursing and Medical Literatures Analysis and Retrieval System Online. The inclusion criteria used were: I) is between the period from 2019 to 2023; II) it is between Portuguese, English and Spanish and III) answer the guiding question of the research. As exclusion criteria, those that were not available for reading, duplicated, incomplete and unrelated to the central theme chosen were excluded. After applying the eligibility criteria, a total of 8 selected articles were used. In the face of this research, it was possible to identify the tools used to establish a good interprofessional relationship with regard to collaboration, communication and interaction, going beyond the personal dimension, encouraging mutual help and anchoring in dialogical and horizontal relationships. However, communication was identified as a crucial element for teamwork. In this sense, dialogue allows communication to act as an aggregating element, which is one of the assumptions of teamwork in the search for comprehensive care, in addition to favoring the sharing of information between team members. Therefore, this research presented the main factors to establish the promotion of well-being in a hospital environment through interpersonal communication, considering the different problems between health teams, referring to adequate interpersonal communication.Este artículo tiene como objetivo identificar cómo la comunicación interpersonal puede ser unherramienta eficaz del equipo multidisciplinar en la promoción del bienestar en un entornohospital. Esta es una revisión integradora de la literatura. Así fue posible estructurar elsiguiente pregunta orientadora: “¿Cómo se puede utilizar la comunicación interpersonal comoherramienta eficaz del equipo multidisciplinario en la promoción del bienestar del pacientehospitalizado?". Se realizó una encuesta a través de la biblioteca electrónica, siendo laSalud Virtual (BVS), siendo seleccionadas las siguientes bases de datos: Bases de datos enSistema de recuperación y análisis de literatura médica y de enfermería en línea. Criterios de inclusiónutilizados fueron: I) se encuentra entre el período de 2019 a 2023; II) es una de las lenguas portuguesas,inglés y español y III) responder a la pregunta orientadora de la investigación. Como criterio de exclusiónlas que no estaban disponibles para su lectura, duplicadas, incompletas y quesin relación con el tema central elegido. Después de aplicar los criterios deElegibilidad Se utilizaron un total de 8 artículos seleccionados. Antes, la investigación era posible.identificar las herramientas utilizadas para establecer una buena relación interprofesional si se trata decolaboración, comunicación e interacción, yendo más allá de la dimensión personal, fomentando la ayudamutuos y anclados en relaciones dialógicas y horizontales. Sin embargo, la comunicación fueidentificado como un elemento crucial para el trabajo en equipo. En este sentido, el diálogopermite que la comunicación actúe como elemento agregador, como uno de lossupuestos de trabajo en equipo en la búsqueda de una atención integral, además de favorecer laintercambio de información entre los miembros del equipo. Por lo tanto, esta investigaciónpresentó los principales factores para establecer la promoción del bienestar en un entornohospital a través de la comunicación interpersonal, considerando los diferentes problemas entreequipos de salud, en cuanto a la adecuada comunicación interpersonal.Este artigo tem por objetivo identificar como a comunicação interpessoal pode ser uma ferramenta eficaz da equipe multiprofissional na promoção do bem-estar em um ambiente hospitalar. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Foi possível assim estruturar a seguinte pergunta norteadora: “Como a comunicação interpessoal pode ser utilizada como ferramenta eficaz da equipe multiprofissional na promoção do bem-estar ao paciente hospitalizado?”. Foi feito um levantamento através da biblioteca eletrônica sendo a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), sendo selecionada as seguintes bases de dados: Bases de Dados em Enfermagem e Medical Literatures Analysis and Retrieval System Online. Os critérios de inclusão utilizados foram: I) está entre o período de 2019 a 2023; II) está entre os idiomas português, inglês e espanhol e III) responder a questão norteadora da pesquisa. Como critério de exclusão foram excluídos aqueles que não estavam disponíveis para leitura, duplicados, incompletos e que não tivesse relação com a temática central escolhida. Após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade foram utilizados 8 artigos selecionados ao total. Diante, a pesquisa foi possível identificar as ferramentas utilizadas para estabeler a boa relação interprofisisonal se diz respeito a colaboração, comunicação e interação, extrapolando a dimensão pessoal, estimulando ajuda mútua e ancorando-se em relações dialógicas e horizontais. Entretanto, a comunicação foi identificada como elemento crucial para o trabalho em equipe. Nesse sentido, o diálogo proporciona que a comunicação atue como elemento agregador, sendo ela como um dos pressupostos do trabalho em equipe na busca por uma assistência integral, além de favorecer a partilha de informações entre componentes da equipe. Portando, a presente pesquisa apresentou os principais fatores para estabelecer a promoção do bem-estar em um ambiente hospitalar por meio da comunicação interpessoal, considerando as diversas problemáticas entre as equipes de saúde, referente a comunicação interpessoal adequada

Revisão narrativa: desafios diagnósticos da endometriose torácica

Analisar os aspectos diagnósticos da endometriose torácica enfatizando o quadro clínico e os principais métodos complementares. O presente estudo se trata de uma revisão narrativa tendo sido utilizados os seguintes termos de cabeçalho de assunto médico, palavras-chave e suas combinações: “endometriose torácica”, “pneumotórax catamenial”, “endometriose pulmonar”, “endometriose pleural” e “diagnóstico”, com o operador Booleano “AND” associado ao “OR”, sendo limitada a ensaios em humanos.  A síndrome da endometriose torácica (TES) é a forma mais frequente da doença localizada fora da cavidade pélvica, sendo uma entidade pouco esclarecida. Sua apresentação clínica é pleomórfica, a paciente pode apresentar dor escapular, dor torácica, dispneia e hemoptise, sendo o pneumotórax catamenial a principal manifestação. Existem três teorias que auxiliam no esclarecimento da fisiopatologia e o padrão ouro para o diagnóstico é a videolaparoscopia e a cirurgia toracoscópica videoassistida. Não há tratamento efetivo, sendo necessário individualizar os pacientes e manejar seus sintomas. A endometriose pulmonar é uma doença rara que, devido às múltiplas possibilidades de apresentação, podem ter seu diagnóstico retardado. Devido às limitações de conhecimentos agregados sobre a endometriose torácica ainda há dificuldade em montar uma hipótese diagnóstica, por designar-se, na maioria dos casos, como uma apresentação secundária. O tratamento objetiva interrupção da produção estrogênica e, caso necessário, pode haver correção cirúrgica definitiva preferencialmente por meio de cirurgia toracoscópica videoassistida

Vivencias de pacientes idosos portadores de lesão por pressão no âmbito domiciliar / Experiences of elderly patients with pressure injuries at home

A lesão por pressão (LP) é uma complicação de potencial cronicidade, que afeta a população a nível global. O referido estudo, teve como objetivo, abordar as vivencias no cotidiano de pessoas idosas que convivem com lesões por pressão no âmbito domiciliar. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, na qual foi realizado a captação de estudos nas respectivas plataformas virtuais que disponibilizam coleções selecionadas de periódicos científicos, foram estas: dados Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS); Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF); e por meio da ferramenta de indexação de publicações médicas (PubMed); e o portal Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), aplicado os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, onde foram incluídos como resultado final o quantitativo de 8 estudos. A vivencia de idosos portadores de lesões por pressão, é cheia de eventos estressores, e em sua maior porcentagem, não ocorre uma assistência de saúde efetiva na orientação ao cuidador familiar, o que dificulta e torna a qualidade de vida do idoso baixa. Entende-se, portanto, que há uma necessidade de estratégias de orientação e promoção de saúde mais efetivas no âmbito domiciliar. E frente a problemática do estudo, torna-se necessário à continua pesquisa acerca do tema, visto que é um assunto de fundamental importância para saúde pública e familiar

Efeitos colaterais da radioterapia na região de Cabeça e Pescoço

Este artigo tem por revisar a literatura relacionada às manifestações bucais decorrentes da radioterapia de cabeça e pescoço, além de abordar estratégias de manejo oral específicas para pacientes submetidos a esse tipo de tratamento. Para a construção deste artigo foi feito um levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados SciVerse Scopus, Scientific Eletronic Library Online (Scielo), U.S. National Library of Medicine (PUBMED) e ScienceDirect, usando o gerenciador de referências Mendeley. Os artigos foram coletados no período de maio a agosto de 2021 e contemplados entre os anos de 2015 a 2023. Em conclusão, os efeitos colaterais da radioterapia na região de cabeça e pescoço são desafios significativos, mas com a devida atenção e cuidado, é possível minimizar seu impacto na vida dos pacientes. É imperativo que a pesquisa e a prática clínica continuem a se concentrar no desenvolvimento de estratégias de prevenção e manejo eficazes, garantindo que os benefícios terapêuticos da radioterapia superem seus potenciais efeitos adversos

Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants

Summary Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks

Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults

Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities(.)(1,2) This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity(3-6). Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55% of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017-and more than 80% in some low- and middle-income regions-was due to increases in BMI in rural areas. This large contribution stems from the fact that, with the exception of women in sub-Saharan Africa, BMI is increasing at the same rate or faster in rural areas than in cities in low- and middle-income regions. These trends have in turn resulted in a closing-and in some countries reversal-of the gap in BMI between urban and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries, especially for women. In high-income and industrialized countries, we noted a persistently higher rural BMI, especially for women. There is an urgent need for an integrated approach to rural nutrition that enhances financial and physical access to healthy foods, to avoid replacing the rural undernutrition disadvantage in poor countries with a more general malnutrition disadvantage that entails excessive consumption of low-quality calories.Peer reviewe

Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

Background Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For schoolaged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median). Findings From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. Interpretation The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesit

Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles', which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements