81 research outputs found
The trans-ancestral genomic architecture of glycemic traits
- Author
- Abecasis Gonçalo
- Adair Linda
- Aguilar-Salinas Carlos Alberto
- Ahluwalia Tarunveer
- Alarcón-Riquelme Marta
- Amin Najaf
- An Ping
- Anasanti Mila
- Appel Emil
- Arzumanyan Zorayr
- Astrup Arne
- Aviles-Santa Larissa
- Bakker Stephan
- Baldassarre Damiano
- Barroso Inês
- Becker Diane
- Beekman Marian
- Beilin Lawrence
- Bergman Richard
- Bergmann Sven
- Bertoni Alain
- Bielak Lawrence
- Bisgaard Hans
- Black Corri
- Blüher Matthias
- Boehnke Michael
- Boerwinkle Eric
- Bonnycastle Lori
- Boomsma D.
- Bornstein Stefan
- Bottinger Erwin
- Boutin Thibaud
- Bowden Donald
- Brody Jennifer
- Buchanan Thomas
- Burtt Noël
- Böhm Bernhard
- Bønnelykke Klaus
- Cabrera Claudia
- Cade Brian
- Cai Qiuyin
- Campbell Archie
- Campbell Harry
- Canouil Mickaël
- Caulfield Mark
- Chai Jin Fang
- Chai Xiaoran
- Chambers John
- Chan Kei Hang Katie
- Chang Li-Ching
- Chang Yi Cheng
- Chasman Daniel
- Chen Brian
- Chen Chien-Hsiun
- Chen Ji
- Chen Yii-Der Ida
- Cheng Ching-Yu
- Chitrala Kumaraswamy Naidu
- Chiu Yen-Feng
- Chu Audrey
- Claringbould Annique
- Collins Francis
- Corbin Laura
- Correa Adolfo
- Cucca Francesco
- de Geus Eco
- de Geus Eco
- de Haan Hugoline
- de Haan Hugoline
- de Silva H. Janaka
- de Silva H. Janaka
- Dedoussis George
- Dehghan Abbas
- Delgado Graciela
- Demirkan Ayse
- Du Shufa
- Duan Qing
- Dupuis Josée
- Eiriksdottir Gudny
- Elmståhl Sölve
- Engmann Jorgen
- Evans Michele
- Farmaki Aliki Eleni
- Fatumo Segun
- Ferrannini Ele
- Ferrucci Luigi
- Florez Jose
- Franks Paul
- Frayling Timothy
- Froguel Philippe
- Frånberg Mattias
- Fuchsberger Christian
- Gao Yutang
- Gayán Javier
- Gigante Bruna
- Giulianini Franco
- Gjesing Anette
- Gloyn Anna
- Goel Anuj
- Gong Jung Ho
- Goodarzi Mark
- Gordon-Larsen Penny
- Grallert Harald
- Grarup Niels
- Grimsgaard Sameline
- Groop Leif
- Gudnason Vilmundur
- Guo Xiuqing
- Gustafsson Stefan
- Hai Yang
- Hamsten Anders
- Han Sohee
- Hansen Torben
- Hartman Catharina
- Hartwig Fernando
- Hayward Caroline
- He Jing
- Heckbert Susan
- Heianza Yoriko
- Heikkinen Jani
- Herder Christian
- Hicks Andrew
- Hong Jaeyoung
- Horikoshi Momoko
- Horta Bernardo
- Hottenga Jouke-Jan
- Hsieh Chang-Hsun
- Hsueh Willa
- Huang Tao
- Huang Wei
- Huerta-Chagoya Alicia
- Huo Shaofeng
- Hwang Mi Yeong
- Ichihara Sahoko
- Igase Michiya
- Ikram M. Arfan
- Ingelsson Erik
- James Pankow
- Jarvelin Marjo-Ritta
- Jensen Richard
- Johnson W. Craig
- Jonas Jost
- Joshi Peter
- Jukema J. Wouter
- Jørgensen Marit
- Kaakinen Marika
- Kaleebu Pontiano
- Kalyani Rita
- Kandeel Fouad
- Kaplan Robert
- Kardia Sharon
- Kato Norihiro
- Katsuya Tomohiro
- Kawaguchi Takahisa
- Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi Sirkka
- Kentistou Katherine
- Khor Chiea Chuen
- Kiess Wieland
- Kim Bong-Jo
- Kim Young Jin
- Kivimaki Mika
- Kleber Marcus
- Koistinen Heikki
- Kolcic Ivana
- Kooner Ishminder
- Kooner Jaspal
- Kovacs Peter
- Kuh Diana
- Kumari Meena
- Kutalik Zoltan
- Kuulasmaa Teemu
- Kuusisto Johanna
- Körner Antje
- Laakso Markku
- Lai Shuiqing
- Lakka Timo
- Lam Kelvin
- Lange Leslie
- Langefeld Carl
- Langenberg Claudia
- Launer Lenore
- Lauzon Marie
- Lawlor Deborah
- Leander Karin
- Lee Nanette
- Lemaitre Rozenn
- Leong Aaron
- Li Honglan
- Li Huaixing
- Li Man
- Li-Gao Ruifang
- Ligthart Symen
- Lin Shih-Yi
- Lin Xu
- Lind Lars
- Lindgren Cecilia
- Lindström Jaana
- Linneberg Allan
- Liu Ching-Ti
- Liu Jianjun
- Liu Jun
- Liu Simin
- Loh Marie
- Long Jirong
- Loos Ruth
- Lorenzo Carlos
- Louie Tin
- Luan Jian’an
- Lyssenko Valeriya
- Läll Kristi
- Magnusson Patrik
- Mahajan Anubha
- Mangino Massimo
- Marenne Gaëlle
- Marzi Carola
- Matsubara Tatsuaki
- Matsuda Fumihiko
- Mccarthy Mark
- Meigs James
- Metspalu Andres
- Mingrone Geltrude
- Mohlke Karen
- Montasser May
- Mooijaart Simon
- Mook-Kanamori Dennis
- Moon Sanghoon
- Moreno-Macias Hortensia
- Mori Trevor
- Morris Andrew
- Munroe Patricia
- Mägi Reedik
- März Winfried
- Nabika Toru
- Nadkarni Girish
- Nadler Jerry
- Nag Abhishek
- Nakatochi Masahiro
- Ndungu Anne
- Nelis Mari
- Nelson Sarah
- Neville Matt
- Njølstad Inger
- Noce Damia
- Nolte Ilja
- Noordam Raymond
- Norris Jill
- North Kari
- Ohyagi Yasumasa
- Oldehinkel Albertine
- Ong Ken
- O’connell Jeffrey
- Padmanabhan Sandosh
- Palmer Colin
- Palmer Nicholette
- Parker Stephen
- Pedersen Oluf
- Pennell Craig
- Peters Annette
- Peyser Patricia
- Pistis Giorgio
- Polasek Ozren
- Porteous David
- Pramstaller Peter
- Preuss Michael
- Prokopenko Inga
- Province Michael
- Psaty Bruce
- Qi Lu
- Qi Qibin
- Raffel Leslie
- Raffield Laura
- Rasmussen-Torvik Laura
- Raulerson Chelsea
- Rauramaa Rainer
- Raven Dennis
- Ray Debashree
- Redline Susan
- Reilly Dermot
- Reiner Alex
- Rich Stephen
- Ridker Paul
- Rivideneira Fernando
- Robertson Neil
- Rohde Rebecca
- Roll Kathryn
- Rosendaal Frits
- Rotter Jerome
- Rudan Igor
- Rueedi Rico
- Ryan Kathleen
- Rybin Denis
- Saaristo Timo
- Sabanayagam Charumathi
- Sandhu Manjinder
- Sandow Kevin
- Sanna Serena
- Saramies Jouko
- Sattar Naveed
- Saxena Richa
- Schneiderman Neil
- Schraut Katharina
- Schurmann Claudia
- Schwarz Peter
- Schürmann Annette
- Scott Laura
- Scott Robert
- Selvin Elizabeth
- Sennblad Bengt
- Setoh Kazuya
- Sever Peter
- Shi Jinxiu
- Shu Xiao-Ou
- Sim Xueling
- Slagboom P. Eline
- Small Kerrin
- Smith Albert
- Smith Blair
- Snieder Harold
- Sofer Tamar
- Southam Lorraine
- Sparsø Thomas
- Spector Tim
- Spracklen Cassandra
- Stanton Alice
- Steves Claire
- Stewart Isobel
- Strawbridge Rona
- Stringham Heather
- Stumvoll Michael
- Sun Liang
- Sørensen Thorkild
- Tabara Yasuharu
- Tai E. Shyong
- Takeuchi Fumihiko
- Tan Jingyi
- Taylor Kent
- Teslovich Tanya
- Thuesen Betina
- Timmers Paul
- Timpson Nicholas
- Tremoli Elena
- Trompet Stella
- Tsai Michael
- Tuomilehto Jaakko
- Tusie Teresa
- Tönjes Anke
- Uitterlinden Andre
- Uusitupa Matti
- van Dam Rob
- van Dam Rob
- van den Akker Erik
- van den Akker Erik
- van der Harst Pim
- van der Harst Pim
- van der Most Peter
- van der Most Peter
- van Duijn Cornelia
- van Duijn Cornelia
- van Heemst Diana
- van Heemst Diana
- van Hylckama Vlieg Astrid
- van Hylckama Vlieg Astrid
- van Vliet-Ostaptchouk Jana
- van Willems van Dijk Ko
- Vangipurapu Jagadish
- Varshney Arushi
- Verweij Niek
- Vestergaard Henrik
- Vitart Veronique
- Vogel Mandy
- Vollenweider Peter
- Vrijkotte Tanja
- Waage Johannes
- Wagenknecht Lynne
- Walker Mark
- Wang Carol
- Wang Chaolong
- Wang Heming
- Wang Nan
- Wang Tao
- Wang Ya
- Wang Yujie
- Wareham Nick
- Warren Helen
- Watanabe Richard
- Watkins Hugh
- Wei Wen
- Wen Wanqing
- Wheeler Eleanor
- Wickremasinghe Ananda
- Willems van Dijk Ko
- Willems Sara
- Willemsen Gonneke
- Wilsgaard Tom
- Wilson James
- Wong Andrew
- Wong Tien-Yin
- Wood Andrew
- Wu Jer-Yuarn
- Wu Peitao
- Wu Ying
- Xiang Anny
- Xie Tian
- Yanek Lisa
- Yao Jie
- Yengo Loïc
- Yokota Mitsuhiro
- Zafarmand Mohammad Hadi
- Zeggini Eleftheria
- Zemunik Tatijana
- Zhang Weihua
- Zhang Xiaoshuai
- Zhao Jing-Hua
- Zhao Wei
- Zheng Wei
- Zonderman Alan
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
Glycemic traits are used to diagnose and monitor type 2 diabetes and cardiometabolic health. To date, most genetic studies of glycemic traits have focused on individuals of European ancestry. Here we aggregated genome-wide association studies comprising up to 281,416 individuals without diabetes (30% non-European ancestry) for whom fasting glucose, 2-h glucose after an oral glucose challenge, glycated hemoglobin and fasting insulin data were available. Trans-ancestry and single-ancestry meta-analyses identified 242 loci (99 novel; P < 5 x 10(-8)), 80% of which had no significant evidence of between-ancestry heterogeneity. Analyses restricted to individuals of European ancestry with equivalent sample size would have led to 24 fewer new loci. Compared with single-ancestry analyses, equivalent-sized trans-ancestry fine-mapping reduced the number of estimated variants in 99% credible sets by a median of 37.5%. Genomic-feature, gene-expression and gene-set analyses revealed distinct biological signatures for each trait, highlighting different underlying biological pathways. Our results increase our understanding of diabetes pathophysiology by using trans-ancestry studies for improved power and resolution. A trans-ancestry meta-analysis of GWAS of glycemic traits in up to 281,416 individuals identifies 99 novel loci, of which one quarter was found due to the multi-ancestry approach, which also improves fine-mapping of credible variant sets.Peer reviewe
Prognostic model to predict postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery based on a national prospective observational cohort study.
- Author
- Aamir A
- Abbas J
- Abbas N
- Abbott TEF
- Abdalla M
- Abdikadir H
- Abuhussein N
- Acquaah F
- Adamson R
- Adeleye O
- Adeogun A
- Adlan A
- Aftab R
- Afzal Z
- Agarwal M
- Aglan H
- Agnew CJF
- Agrawal R
- Ahern D
- Ahluwalia J
- Ahluwalia V
- Ahmad A
- Ahmad K
- Ahmed H
- Ahmed I
- Ahmed L
- Ahmed N
- Ahmed P
- Ainger E
- Ainsworth P
- Aishwarya G
- Ajibola-Taylor O
- Akhbari M
- Akhtar A
- Akhtar R
- Akpenyi O
- Al-Ausi M
- Al-Huneidi R
- Al-Khudairi R
- Al-Masri S
- Al-Mousawi A
- Al-Saadi N
- Alagappan A
- Alberts J
- Alfa-Wali M
- Ali A
- Ali B
- Ali I
- Ali M
- Ali Q
- Ali S
- Alturki N
- Alwandi A
- Amani L
- Amarnath T
- Amer M
- Amin H
- Amin MN
- Amoah R
- Amoah-Arko A
- Anandarajah C
- Ananthavarathan P
- Andah EJE
- Andrew K
- Andrews H
- Ang A
- Ang HL
- Ang JJ
- Ani C
- Anilkumar A
- Anto N
- Anwar S
- Apperley H
- Appleton S
- Aquilina T
- Archer M
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- Arneill M
- Arnell S
- Arnold TJ
- Arshad A
- Arthur J
- Arulkumaran N
- Arya J
- Asad M
- Asemota N
- Ashaye T
- Ashdown T
- Ashour R
- Ashraf MR
- Ashwood J
- Asif U
- Atkin G
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- Attalla M
- Aubrey-Jones D
- Auckburally S
- Auld F
- Auluck I
- Azam S
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- STARSurg Collaborative Writing Committee, Data analysis, Steering committee, Advisory group, Regional leads, Collaborators and validators
- STARSurg Collaborative Writing Committee, Data analysis, Steering committee, Advisory group, Regional leads, Collaborators and validators, Nepogodiev, D
- Stechman M
- Stewart D
- Stewart E
- Stewart H
- Stewart R
- Stickler E
- Stoddart MT
- Stokes E
- Stott G
- Strang S
- Stringer H
- Stringfellow TD
- Stubbing-Moore A
- Sturrock S
- Subar D
- Subratty SM
- Sukirthan N
- Sukumar S
- Sulaiman SK
- Sultan S
- Sun L
- Sundaram K
- Suresh R
- Suresh S
- Sureshkumar A
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- Swan A
- Swan I
- Swaray A
- Swartbol T
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- Szczap A
- Szuman A
- Tailor S
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- Tam JP
- Tan CY
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- Tan TSE
- Tang A
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- Tariq A
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- Tayeh S
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- Theodoropoulou K
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- Yahaya AA
- Yalamarthi S
- Yang DD
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- Yarham E
- Yasin IH
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- Yeung J
- Yin ZD
- Yip J
- Yoganayagam N
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- Yousaf A
- Youssef H
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- Zaat S
- Zanichelli D
- Zaver V
- Zeng R
- Zhang Y
- Zheleniakova T
- Zhu Y
- Zornoza A
- Zubikarai G
- Zulkifli A
- Zuzarte L
- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- 18/05/2018
- Field of study
Background: Acute illness, existing co-morbidities and surgical stress response can all contribute to postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. The aim of this study was prospectively to develop a pragmatic prognostic model to stratify patients according to risk of developing AKI after major gastrointestinal surgery. Methods: This prospective multicentre cohort study included consecutive adults undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection, liver resection or stoma reversal in 2-week blocks over a continuous 3-month period. The primary outcome was the rate of AKI within 7 days of surgery. Bootstrap stability was used to select clinically plausible risk factors into the model. Internal model validation was carried out by bootstrap validation. Results: A total of 4544 patients were included across 173 centres in the UK and Ireland. The overall rate of AKI was 14·2 per cent (646 of 4544) and the 30-day mortality rate was 1·8 per cent (84 of 4544). Stage 1 AKI was significantly associated with 30-day mortality (unadjusted odds ratio 7·61, 95 per cent c.i. 4·49 to 12·90; P < 0·001), with increasing odds of death with each AKI stage. Six variables were selected for inclusion in the prognostic model: age, sex, ASA grade, preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate, planned open surgery and preoperative use of either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker. Internal validation demonstrated good model discrimination (c-statistic 0·65). Discussion: Following major gastrointestinal surgery, AKI occurred in one in seven patients. This preoperative prognostic model identified patients at high risk of postoperative AKI. Validation in an independent data set is required to ensure generalizability
Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Author
- Abbafati Cristiana
- Abbas Kaja M.
- Abbasi Mohammad
- Abbasi-Kangevari Mohsen
- Abbasifard Mitra
- Abbastabar Hedayat
- Abd El Razek Hassan Magdy
- Abd El Razek Muhammed Magdy
- Abd-Allah Foad
- Abdelalim Ahmed
- Abdollahi Mohammad
- Abdollahpour Ibrahim
- Abdulkader Rizwan Suliankatchi
- Abdullah Kanaan Hamagharib
- Abedi Aidin
- Abedi Parisa
- Abegaz Kedir Hussein
- Abolhassani Hassan
- Abosetugn Akine Eshete
- Aboyans Victor
- Abrams Elissa M.
- Abreu Lucas Guimaraes
- Abrigo Michael R. M.
- Abu Haimed Abdulaziz Khalid
- Abu-Gharbieh Eman
- Abu-Raddad Laith Jamal
- Abualhasan Ahmed
- Abushouk Abdelrahman I.
- Acebedo Alyssa
- Ackerman Ilana N.
- Adabi Maryam
- Adair Tim
- Adamu Abdu A.
- Adebayo Oladimeji M.
- Adedeji Isaac Akinkunmi
- Adekanmbi Victor
- Adelson Jaimie D.
- Adeoye Abiodun Moshood
- Adetokunboh Olatunji O.
- Adham Davoud
- Advani Shailesh M.
- Afarideh Mohsen
- Afshari Mahdi
- Afshin Ashkan
- Agardh Emilie E.
- Agarwal Gina
- Agasthi Pradyumna
- Agesa Kareha M.
- Aghaali Mohammad
- Aghamir Seyed Mohammad Kazem
- Agrawal Anurag
- Ahmad Tauseef
- Ahmadi Alireza
- Ahmadi Keivan
- Ahmadi Mehdi
- Ahmadieh Hamid
- Ahmadpour Ehsan
- Ahmed Muktar Beshir
- Aji Budi
- Akalu Temesgen Yihunie
- Akinyemi Rufus Olusola
- Akinyemiju Tomi
- Akombi Blessing
- Akunna Chisom Joyqueenet
- Al-Aly Ziyad
- Al-Mekhlafi Hesham M.
- Al-Raddadi Rajaa M.
- Alahdab Fares
- Alam Khurshid
- Alam Noore
- Alam Samiah
- Alam Tahiya
- Alanezi Fahad Mashhour
- Alanzi Turki M.
- Albertson Samuel B.
- Alcalde-Rabanal Jacqueline Elizabeth
- Alema Niguse Meles
- Alemu Biresaw Wassihun
- Alemu Yihun Mulugeta
- Alhabib Khalid F.
- Alhassan Robert Kaba
- Ali Muhammad
- Ali Saqib
- Alicandro Gianfranco
- Alijanzadeh Mehran
- Alinia Cyrus
- Alipour Vahid
- Alizade Hesam
- Aljunid Syed Mohamed
- Alla Francois
- Allebeck Peter
- Almadi Majid Abdulrahman Hamad
- Almasi Ali
- Almasi-Hashiani Amir
- Almasri Nihad A.
- Almulhim Abdulaziz M.
- Alonso Jordi
- Altirkawi Khalid A.
- Alumran Arwa Khalid
- Alvis-Guzman Nelson
- Alvis-Zakzuk Nelson J.
- Amare Azmeraw T.
- Amare Bekalu
- Amini Saeed
- Amini-Rarani Mostafa
- Aminorroaya Arya
- Amiri Fatemeh
- Amit Arianna Maever L.
- Amugsi Dickson A.
- Amul Gianna Gayle Herrera
- Anbesu Etsay Woldu
- Ancuceanu Robert
- Anderlini Deanna
- Anderson Jason A.
- Andrei Catalina Liliana
- Andrei Tudorel
- Androudi Sofia
- Angus Colin
- Anjomshoa Mina
- Ansari Fereshteh
- Ansari Iman
- Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
- Antonazzo Ippazio Cosimo
- Antonio Carl Abelardo T.
- Antony Catherine M.
- Antriyandarti Ernoiz
- Anvari Davood
- Anwer Razique
- Appiah Seth Christopher Yaw
- Arab-Zozani Morteza
- Arabloo Jalal
- Aravkin Aleksandr Y.
- Arba Aseb Arba Kinfe
- Aremu Olatunde
- Ariani Filippo
- Aripov Timur
- Armoon Bahram
- Arnlov Johan
- Arowosegbe Oluwaseyi Olalekan
- Aryal Krishna K.
- Arzani Afsaneh
- Asaad Malke
- Asadi-Aliabadi Mehran
- Asadi-Pooya Ali A.
- Asgari Samaneh
- Asghari Babak
- Ashbaugh Charlie
- Assmus Michael
- Atafar Zahra
- Athari Seyyed Shamsadin
- Atnafu Desta Debalkie
- Atout Maha Moh'd Wahbi
- Atre Sachin R.
- Atteraya Madhu Sudhan
- Ausloos Floriane
- Ausloos Marcel
- Avila-Burgos Leticia
- Avokpaho Euripide Frinel Gbenato Arthur
- Ayano Getinet
- Ayanore Martin Amogre
- Aynalem Getie Lake
- Aynalem Yared Asmare
- Ayza Muluken Altaye
- Azari Samad
- Azarian Ghasem
- Azene Zelalem Nigussie
- Azhar Gulrez
- Azzopardi Peter S.
- Babaee Ebrahim
- Badawi Alaa
- Badiye Ashish D.
- Bagherzadeh Mojtaba
- Bagli Eleni
- Bahrami Mohammad Amin
- Baig Atif Amin
- Bairwa Mohan
- Bakhshaei Mohammad Hossein
- Bakhtiari Ahad
- Bakkannavar Shankar M.
- Balachandran Arun
- Balakrishnan Senthilkumar
- Balalla Shivanthi
- Balassyano Shelly
- Baldasseroni Alberto
- Bali Ahmed Omar
- Ball Kylie
- Ballew Shoshana H.
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- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
Background: In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries. Methods: GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered 1000 draw values of the posterior distribution. Findings: Global health has steadily improved over the past 30 years as measured by age-standardised DALY rates. After taking into account population growth and ageing, the absolute number of DALYs has remained stable. Since 2010, the pace of decline in global age-standardised DALY rates has accelerated in age groups younger than 50 years compared with the 1990–2010 time period, with the greatest annualised rate of decline occurring in the 0–9-year age group. Six infectious diseases were among the top ten causes of DALYs in children younger than 10 years in 2019: lower respiratory infections (ranked second), diarrhoeal diseases (third), malaria (fifth), meningitis (sixth), whooping cough (ninth), and sexually transmitted infections (which, in this age group, is fully accounted for by congenital syphilis; ranked tenth). In adolescents aged 10–24 years, three injury causes were among the top causes of DALYs: road injuries (ranked first), self-harm (third), and interpersonal violence (fifth). Five of the causes that were in the top ten for ages 10–24 years were also in the top ten in the 25–49-year age group: road injuries (ranked first), HIV/AIDS (second), low back pain (fourth), headache disorders (fifth), and depressive disorders (sixth). In 2019, ischaemic heart disease and stroke were the top-ranked causes of DALYs in both the 50–74-year and 75-years-and-older age groups. Since 1990, there has been a marked shift towards a greater proportion of burden due to YLDs from non-communicable diseases and injuries. In 2019, there were 11 countries where non-communicable disease and injury YLDs constituted more than half of all disease burden. Decreases in age-standardised DALY rates have accelerated over the past decade in countries at the lower end of the SDI range, while improvements have started to stagnate or even reverse in countries with higher SDI. Interpretation: As disability becomes an increasingly large component of disease burden and a larger component of health expenditure, greater research and developm nt investment is needed to identify new, more effective intervention strategies. With a rapidly ageing global population, the demands on health services to deal with disabling outcomes, which increase with age, will require policy makers to anticipate these changes. The mix of universal and more geographically specific influences on health reinforces the need for regular reporting on population health in detail and by underlying cause to help decision makers to identify success stories of disease control to emulate, as well as opportunities to improve. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licens
Global age-sex-specific fertility, mortality, healthy life expectancy (HALE), and population estimates in 204 countries and territories, 1950-2019 : a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Author
- Abbafati Cristiana
- Abbas Kaja M.
- Abbasi Mohammad
- Abbasi-Kangevari Mohsen
- Abbasifard Mitra
- Abbastabar Hedayat
- Abd-Allah Foad
- Abdelalim Ahmed
- Abdollahi Mohammad
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- Prakash Sanjay
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- Prasad Narayan
- Preotescu Liliana
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- Quazi Syed Zahiruddin
- Rabiee Mohammad
- Rabiee Navid
- Radfar Amir
- Rafiee Ata
- Rafiei Alireza
- Raggi Alberto
- Rahim Fakher
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- Renzaho Andre M. N. (R17978)
- Ärnlöv Johan
- Øverland Simon
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
Background: Accurate and up-to-date assessment of demographic metrics is crucial for understanding a wide range of social, economic, and public health issues that affect populations worldwide. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 produced updated and comprehensive demographic assessments of the key indicators of fertility, mortality, migration, and population for 204 countries and territories and selected subnational locations from 1950 to 2019.
Methods: 8078 country-years of vital registration and sample registration data, 938 surveys, 349 censuses, and 238 other sources were identified and used to estimate age-specific fertility. Spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression (ST-GPR) was used to generate age-specific fertility rates for 5-year age groups between ages 15 and 49 years. With extensions to age groups 10–14 and 50–54 years, the total fertility rate (TFR) was then aggregated using the estimated age-specific fertility between ages 10 and 54 years. 7417 sources were used for under-5 mortality estimation and 7355 for adult mortality. ST-GPR was used to synthesise data sources after correction for known biases. Adult mortality was measured as the probability of death between ages 15 and 60 years based on vital registration, sample registration, and sibling histories, and was also estimated using ST-GPR. HIV-free life tables were then estimated using estimates of under-5 and adult mortality rates using a relational model life table system created for GBD, which closely tracks observed age-specific mortality rates from complete vital registration when available. Independent estimates of HIV-specific mortality generated by an epidemiological analysis of HIV prevalence surveys and antenatal clinic serosurveillance and other sources were incorporated into the estimates in countries with large epidemics. Annual and single-year age estimates of net migration and population for each country and territory were generated using a Bayesian hierarchical cohort component model that analysed estimated age-specific fertility and mortality rates along with 1250 censuses and 747 population registry years. We classified location-years into seven categories on the basis of the natural rate of increase in population (calculated by subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate) and the net migration rate. We computed healthy life expectancy (HALE) using years lived with disability (YLDs) per capita, life tables, and standard demographic methods. Uncertainty was propagated throughout the demographic estimation process, including fertility, mortality, and population, with 1000 draw-level estimates produced for each metric. Findings: The global TFR decreased from 2·72 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 2·66–2·79) in 2000 to 2·31 (2·17–2·46) in 2019. Global annual livebirths increased from 134·5 million (131·5–137·8) in 2000 to a peak of 139·6 million (133·0–146·9) in 2016. Global livebirths then declined to 135·3 million (127·2–144·1) in 2019. Of the 204 countries and territories included in this study, in 2019, 102 had a TFR lower than 2·1, which is considered a good approximation of replacement-level fertility. All countries in sub-Saharan Africa had TFRs above replacement level in 2019 and accounted for 27·1% (95% UI 26·4–27·8) of global livebirths. Global life expectancy at birth increased from 67·2 years (95% UI 66·8–67·6) in 2000 to 73·5 years (72·8–74·3) in 2019. The total number of deaths increased from 50·7 million (49·5–51·9) in 2000 to 56·5 million (53·7–59·2) in 2019. Under-5 deaths declined from 9·6 million (9·1–10·3) in 2000 to 5·0 million (4·3–6·0) in 2019. Global population increased by 25·7%, from 6·2 billion (6·0–6·3) in 2000 to 7·7 billion (7·5–8·0) in 2019. In 2019, 34 countries had negative natural rates of increase; in 17 of these, the population declined because immigration was not sufficient to counteract the negative rate of decline. Globally, HALE increased from 58·6 years (56·1–60·8) in 2000 to 63·5 years (60·8–66·1) in 2019. HALE increased in 202 of 204 countries and territories between 2000 and 2019
Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults
- Author
- Abarca-Gomez Leandra
- Abdeen Ziad A.
- Abdrakhmanova Shynar
- Abu-Rmeileh Niveen M.
- Acosta-Cazares Benjamin
- Adams Robert J.
- Aekplakorn Wichai
- Afsana Kaosar
- Agdeppa Imelda A.
- Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A.
- Agyemang Charles
- Ahmad Mohamad Hasnan
- Ahmad Noor Ani
- Ahmadi Naser
- Ahmadvand Alireza
- Ahrens Wolfgang
- Ajlouni Kamel
- Al Nsour Mohannad
- Al-Hazzaa Hazzaa M.
- Al-Othman Amani Rashed
- Al-Raddadi Rajaa
- AlBuhairan Fadia
- AlDhukair Shahla
- Ali Mohamed M.
- Ali Osman
- Alkerwi Ala'a
- Alvarez-Pedrerol Mar
- Aly Eman
- Amarapurkar Deepak N.
- Amouyel Philippe
- Amuzu Antoinette
- Anderssen Sigmund A.
- Angquist Lars H.
- Anjana Ranjit Mohan
- Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
- Anselmo Olinto Maria Teresa
- Aounallah-Skhiri Hajer
- Araujo Joana
- Ariansen Inger
- Aris Tahir
- Arku Raphael E.
- Arlappa Nimmathota
- Aryal Krishna K.
- Aspelund Thor
- Assah Felix K.
- Assuncao Maria Cecilia F.
- Aung May Soe
- Auvinen Juha
- Avdicova Maria
- Azevedo Ana
- Azizi Fereidoun
- Azmin Mehrdad
- Babu Bontha V.
- Baharudin Azli
- Bahijri Suhad
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- Banach Maciej
- Bandosz Piotr
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- Rajkumar Hemalatha
- Rakhmatulloev Sherali
- Ramachandran Ambady
- Ramke Jacqueline
- Ramos Elisabete
- Ramos Rafel
- Rampal Lekhraj
- Rampal Sanjay
- Rao Kodavanti Mallikharjuna
- Rao Sudha Ramachandra
- Rascon-Pacheco Ramon A.
- Rasmussen Mette
- Redon Josep
- Reganit Paul Ferdinand M.
- Regecova Valeria
- Revilla Luis
- Ribas-Barba Lourdes
- Ribeiro Robespierre
- Riboli Elio
- Rigo Fernando
- Riley Leanne M.
- Rinaldo Natascia
- Rito Ana
- Ritti-Dias Raphael M.
- Rivera Juan A.
- Robitaille Cynthia
- Rodrigues Daniela
- Rodriguez-Artalejo Fernando
- Rodriguez-Martinez Andrea
- Rodriguez-Villamizar Laura A.
- Rojas-Martinez Rosalba
- Rojroongwasinkul Nipa
- Romaguera Dora
- Rosario Angelika Schaffrath
- Rosengren Annika
- Rouse Ian
- Roy Joel G. R.
- Rubinstein Adolfo
- Ruhli Frank J.
- Ruidavets Jean-Bernard
- Ruiz Moreno Emma
- Russo Paola
- Rust Petra
- Rutkowski Marcin
- Sabanayagam Charumathi
- Sachdev Harshpal S.
- Safiri Saeid
- Saidi Olfa
- Salanave Benoit
- Salazar-Martinez Eduardo
- Salmeron Diego
- Salomaa Veikko
- Salonen Jukka T.
- Salvetti Massimo
- Sanchez-Abanto Jose
- Sandjaja Sandjaja
- Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt Blanca
- Sans Susana
- Sant'Angelo Victoria Farrugia
- Santa-Marina Loreto
- Santos Sanz Sara
- Santos Silva Diego Augusto
- Santos Diana A.
- Santos Ina S.
- Santos Osvaldo
- Santos Rute
- Saramies Jouko L.
- Sardinha Luis B.
- Sarrafzadegan Nizal
- Saum Kai-Uwe
- Savin Stefan
- Savva Savvas
- Savy Mathilde
- Scazufca Marcia
- Schargrodsky Herman
- Schienkiewitz Anja
- Schindler Karin
- Schipf Sabine
- Schmidt Carsten O.
- Schmidt Ida Maria
- Schoettker Ben
- Schultsz Constance
- Schutte Aletta E.
- Sebert Sylvain
- Sein Aye Aye
- Selamat Rusidah
- Sember Vedrana
- Sen Abhijit
- Senbanjo Idowu O.
- Sepanlou Sadaf G.
- Sequera Victor
- Serra-Majem Luis
- Servais Jennifer
- Shalnova Svetlana A.
- Sharma Sanjib K.
- Shaw Jonathan E.
- Shengelia Lela
- Shibuya Kenji
- Shimizu-Furusawa Hana
- Shin Dong Wook
- Shin Youchan
- Si-Ramlee Khairil
- Siani Alfonso
- Siantar Rosalynn
- Sibai Abla M.
- Silva Antonio M.
- Simon Mary
- Simons Judith
- Simons Leon A.
- Sjoberg Agneta
- Sjostrom Michael
- Slowikowska-Hilczer Jolanta
- Slusarczyk Przemyslaw
- Smeeth Liam
- Snijder Marieke B.
- So Hung-Kwan
- Sobngwi Eugene
- Soderberg Stefan
- Soekatri Moesijanti Y. E.
- Soemantri Agustinus
- Solfrizzi Vincenzo
- Solomon Bethlehem D.
- Son Thai Pham Son Thai Pham
- Sonestedt Emily
- Song Yi
- Sophiea Marisa K.
- Sorensen Thorkild I. A.
- Soric Maroje
- Soumare Aicha
- Spinelli Angela
- Spiroski Igor
- Staessen Jan A.
- Stamm Hanspeter
- Starc Gregor
- Stathopoulou Maria G.
- Staub Kaspar
- Stavreski Bill
- Steene-Johannessen Jostein
- Stehle Peter
- Stein Aryeh D.
- Stergiou George S.
- Stessman Jochanan
- Stevens Gretchen A.
- Stocks Tanja
- Stoeckl Doris
- Stokwiszewski Jakub
- Stratton Gareth
- Stronks Karien
- Strufaldi Maria Wany
- Sturua Lela
- Suarez-Medina Ramon
- Sun Chien-An
- Sundstrom Johan
- Sung Yn-Tz
- Sunyer Jordi
- Suriyawongpaisal Paibul
- Swinburn Boyd A.
- Sy Rody G.
- Sylva Rene Charles
- Szponar Lucjan
- Taddei Cristina
- Tai Hing Lam Tai Hing Lam
- Tai E. Shyong
- Tammesoo Mari-Liis
- Tamosiunas Abdonas
- Tan Eng Joo
- Tang Xun
- Tanser Frank
- Tao Yong
- Tarawneh Mohammed Rasoul
- Tarp Jakob
- Tarqui-Mamani Carolina B.
- Taylor Anne
- Tchibindat Felicite
- Tebar William R.
- Tell Grethe
- Tello Tania
- Theobald Holger
- Theodoridis Xenophon
- Thijs Lutgarde
- Thuesen Betina H.
- Ticha Lubica
- Timmermans Erik J.
- Tjonneland Anne
- Tolonen Hanna K.
- Tolstrup Janne S.
- Topbas Murat
- Topor-Madry Roman
- Tormo Maria Jose
- Tornaritis Michael J.
- Torrent Maties
- Toselli Stefania
- Traissac Pierre
- Tran Quoc Bao Tran Quoc Bao
- Trichopoulos Dimitrios
- Trichopoulou Antonia
- Trinh Oanh T. H.
- Trivedi Atul
- Tsao Yu-Hsiang
- Tshepo Lechaba
- Tsigga Maria
- Tsugane Shoichiro
- Tulloch-Reid Marshall K.
- Tullu Fikru
- Tuomainen Tomi-Pekka
- Tuomilehto Jaakko
- Turley Maria L.
- Tynelius Per
- Tzotzas Themistoklis
- Tzourio Christophe
- Ueda Peter
- Ugel Eunice E.
- Ukoli Flora A. M.
- Ulmer Hanno
- Unal Belgin
- Uusitalo Hannu M. T.
- Vaitkeviciute Justina
- Valdivia Gonzalo
- Vale Susana
- Valvi Damaskini
- van der Schouw Yvonne T.
- Van Herck Koen
- van Rossem Lenie
- Van Schoor Natasja M.
- van Valkengoed Irene G. M.
- Vanderschueren Dirk
- Vanuzzo Diego
- Varela-Moreiras Gregorio
- Varona-Perez Patricia
- Vatten Lars
- Vega Tomas
- Veidebaum Toomas
- Velasquez-Melendez Gustavo
- Velika Biruta
- Veronesi Giovanni
- Verschuren W. M. Monique
- Victora Cesar G.
- Viegi Giovanni
- Viet Lucie
- Vineis Paolo
- Vioque Jesus
- Virtanen Jyrki K.
- Visser Marjolein
- Visvikis-Siest Sophie
- Viswanathan Bharathi
- Vlasoff Tiina
- Vollenweider Peter
- Volzke Henry
- Voutilainen Ari
- Voutilainen Sari
- Vrijheid Martine
- Vrijkotte Tanja G. M.
- Vrkic Tajana Zeljkovic
- Wade Alisha N.
- Wagner Aline
- Waldhoer Thomas
- Walton Janette
- Wanderley Rildo S., Jr.
- Wang Ming-Dong
- Wang Qian
- Wang Xiangjun
- Wang Ya Xing
- Wang Ying-Wei
- Wannamethee S. Goya
- Wareham Nicholas
- Weber Adelheid
- Weerasekera Deepa
- Weghuber Daniel
- Wei Wenbin
- Whincup Peter H.
- Widhalm Kurt
- Widyahening Indah S.
- Wiecek Andrzej
- Wijga Alet H.
- Wilks Rainford J.
- Willeit Johann
- Willeit Peter
- Wilsgaard Tom
- Wojtyniak Bogdan
- Wong Jyh Eiin
- Wong Norazizah Ibrahim
- Wong Tien Yin
- Wong-McClure Roy A.
- Woo Jean
- Woodward Mark
- Wu Frederick C.
- Wu Jianfeng
- Wu Shouling
- Xu Haiquan
- Xu Liang
- Yamborisut Uruwan
- Yan Weili
- Yang Ling
- Yang Xiaoguang
- Yang Yang
- Yardim Nazan
- Yaseri Mehdi
- Ye Xingwang
- Yiallouros Panayiotis K.
- Yngve Agneta
- Yoosefi Moein
- Yoshihara Akihiro
- You Qi Sheng
- You San-Lin
- Younger-Coleman Novie O.
- Yusof Safiah Md
- Yusoff Ahmad Faudzi
- Yusoff Muhammad Fadhli Mohd
- Zaccagni Luciana
- Zafiropulos Vassilis
- Zainuddin Ahmad A.
- Zamani Farhad
- Zambon Sabina
- Zampelas Antonis
- Zamrazilova Hana
- Zapata Maria Elisa
- Zaw Ko Ko
- Zdrojewski Tomasz
- Zeng Yi
- Zhao Dong
- Zhao Wenhua
- Zheng Wei
- Zheng Yingfeng
- Zholdin Bekbolat
- Zhou Bin
- Zhou Maigeng
- Zhu Dan
- Zhussupov Baurzhan
- Zimmermann Esther
- Zuniga Cisneros Julio
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2019
- Field of study
Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities(.)(1,2) This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity(3-6). Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55% of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017-and more than 80% in some low- and middle-income regions-was due to increases in BMI in rural areas. This large contribution stems from the fact that, with the exception of women in sub-Saharan Africa, BMI is increasing at the same rate or faster in rural areas than in cities in low- and middle-income regions. These trends have in turn resulted in a closing-and in some countries reversal-of the gap in BMI between urban and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries, especially for women. In high-income and industrialized countries, we noted a persistently higher rural BMI, especially for women. There is an urgent need for an integrated approach to rural nutrition that enhances financial and physical access to healthy foods, to avoid replacing the rural undernutrition disadvantage in poor countries with a more general malnutrition disadvantage that entails excessive consumption of low-quality calories.Peer reviewe
Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Author
- Abbafati C
- Abbas KM
- Abbasi M
- Abbasi-Kangevari M
- Abbasifard M
- Abbastabar H
- Abd El Razek HM
- Abd El Razek MM
- Abd-Allah F
- Abdelalim A
- Abdollahi M
- Abdollahpour I
- Abdulkader RS
- Abdullah KH
- Abedi A
- Abedi P
- Abegaz KH
- Abolhassani H
- Abosetugn AE
- Aboyans V
- Abrams EM
- Abreu LG
- Abrigo MRM
- Abu Haimed AK
- Abu-Gharbieh E
- Abu-Raddad LJ
- Abualhasan A
- Abushouk AI
- Acebedo A
- Ackerman IN
- Adabi M
- Adair T
- Adamu AA
- Adebayo OM
- Adedeji IA
- Adekanmbi V
- Adelson JD
- Adeoye AM
- Adetokunboh OO
- Adham D
- Advani SM
- Afarideh M
- Afshari M
- Afshin A
- Agardh EE
- Agarwal G
- Agasthi P
- Agesa KM
- Aghaali M
- Aghamir SMK
- Agrawal A
- Ahmad T
- Ahmadi A
- Ahmadi K
- Ahmadi M
- Ahmadieh H
- Ahmadpour E
- Ahmed MB
- Aji B
- Akalu TY
- Akinyemi RO
- Akinyemiju T
- Akombi B
- Akunna CJ
- Al-Aly Z
- Al-Mekhlafi HM
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- Alahdab F
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- Alanezi FM
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- Albertson SB
- Alcalde-Rabanal JE
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- Alemu BW
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- Alicandro G
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- Alizade H
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- Dirac MA
- Djalalinia S
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- El Sayed I
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- Norrving B
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- Olagunju AT
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- Truelsen TC
- Tsai AC
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- Ullah I
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- Umeokonkwo CD
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- Unnikrishnan B
- Upadhyay E
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- Valdez PR
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- Veisani Y
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- Venketasubramanian N
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- Wickramasinghe ND
- Wiens KE
- Wijeratne T
- Wilner LB
- Wilson S
- Wiysonge CS
- Wojtyniak B
- Woldu G
- Wolfe CDA
- Wondmeneh TG
- Wondmieneh AB
- Wool EE
- Wozniak SS
- Wu A-M
- Wu C
- Wu J
- Wunrow HY
- Xie Y
- Xu G
- Xu R
- Yadgir S
- Yamada T
- Yamagishi K
- Yaminfirooz M
- Yano Y
- Yaya S
- Yazdi-Feyzabadi V
- Yearwood JA
- Yeheyis TY
- Yeshitila YG
- Yilgwan CS
- Yilma MT
- Yip P
- Yonemoto N
- Yoon S-J
- York HW
- Younis MZ
- Younker TP
- Yousefi B
- Yousefi Z
- Yousefifard M
- Yousefinezhadi T
- Yousuf AY
- Yu C
- Yu Y
- Yuan C-W
- Yuce D
- Yusefzadeh H
- Zadey S
- Zahabi SS
- Zaidi SS
- Zaki L
- Zaki MES
- Zakzuk J
- Zamani M
- Zamanian M
- Zandian H
- Zangeneh A
- Zarafshan H
- Zastrozhin MS
- Zewdie KA
- Zhang J
- Zhang Y
- Zhang Z-J
- Zhao JT
- Zhao X-JG
- Zhao Y
- Zheleva B
- Zheng P
- Zhou M
- Zhu C
- Ziapour A
- Zimsen SRM
- Zlavog BS
- Zodpey S
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 17/10/2020
- Field of study
Five insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Author
- Abbafati C
- Abbas KM
- Abbasi M
- Abbasi-Kangevari M
- Abbasifard M
- Abbastabar H
- Abd El Razek HM
- Abd El Razek MM
- Abd-Allah F
- Abdelalim A
- Abdollahi M
- Abdollahpour I
- Abdulkader RS
- Abdullah KH
- Abedi A
- Abedi P
- Abegaz KH
- Abolhassani H
- Abosetugn AE
- Aboyans V
- Abrams EM
- Abreu LG
- Abrigo MRM
- Abu Haimed AK
- Abu-Gharbieh E
- Abu-Raddad LJ
- Abualhasan A
- Abushouk AI
- Acebedo A
- Ackerman IN
- Adabi M
- Adair T
- Adamu AA
- Adebayo OM
- Adedeji IA
- Adekanmbi V
- Adelson JD
- Adeoye AM
- Adetokunboh OO
- Adham D
- Advani SM
- Afarideh M
- Afshari M
- Afshin A
- Agardh EE
- Agarwal G
- Agasthi P
- Agesa KM
- Aghaali M
- Aghamir SMK
- Agrawal A
- Ahmad T
- Ahmadi A
- Ahmadi K
- Ahmadi M
- Ahmadieh H
- Ahmadpour E
- Ahmed MB
- Aji B
- Akalu TY
- Akinyemi RO
- Akinyemiju T
- Akombi B
- Akunna CJ
- Al-Aly Z
- Al-Mekhlafi HM
- Al-Raddadi RM
- Alahdab F
- Alam K
- Alam N
- Alam S
- Alam T
- Alanezi FM
- Alanzi TM
- Albertson SB
- Alcalde-Rabanal JE
- Alema NM
- Alemu BW
- Alemu YM
- Alhabib KF
- Alhassan RK
- Ali M
- Ali S
- Alicandro G
- Alijanzadeh M
- Alinia C
- Alipour V
- Alizade H
- Aljunid SM
- Alla F
- Allebeck P
- Almadi MAH
- Almasi A
- Almasi-Hashiani A
- Almasri NA
- Almulhim AM
- Alonso J
- Altirkawi KA
- Alumran AK
- Alvis-Guzman N
- Alvis-Zakzuk NJ
- Amare AT
- Amare B
- Amini S
- Amini-Rarani M
- Aminorroaya A
- Amiri F
- Amit AML
- Amugsi DA
- Amul GGH
- Anbesu EW
- Ancuceanu R
- Anderlini D
- Anderson JA
- Andrei CL
- Andrei T
- Androudi S
- Angus C
- Anjomshoa M
- Ansari F
- Ansari I
- Ansari-Moghaddam A
- Antonazzo IC
- Antonio CAT
- Antony CM
- Antriyandarti E
- Anvari D
- Anwer R
- Appiah SCY
- Arab-Zozani M
- Arabloo J
- Aravkin AY
- Arba AAK
- Aremu O
- Ariani F
- Aripov T
- Armoon B
- Arnlov J
- Arowosegbe OO
- Aryal KK
- Arzani A
- Asaad M
- Asadi-Aliabadi M
- Asadi-Pooya AA
- Asgari S
- Asghari B
- Ashbaugh C
- Assmus M
- Atafar Z
- Athari SS
- Atnafu DD
- Atout MMW
- Atre SR
- Atteraya MS
- Ausloos F
- Ausloos M
- Avila-Burgos L
- Avokpaho EFGA
- Ayano G
- Ayanore MA
- Aynalem GL
- Aynalem YA
- Ayza MA
- Azari S
- Azarian G
- Azene ZN
- Azhar G
- Azzopardi PS
- Babaee E
- Badawi A
- Badiye AD
- Bagherzadeh M
- Bagli E
- Bahrami MA
- Baig AA
- Bairwa M
- Bakhshaei MH
- Bakhtiari A
- Bakkannavar SM
- Balachandran A
- Balakrishnan S
- Balalla S
- Balassyano S
- Baldasseroni A
- Bali AO
- Ball K
- Ballew SH
- Balzi D
- Banach M
- Bandpei MAM
- Banerjee SK
- Banik PC
- Bannick MS
- Bante AB
- Bante SA
- Baraki AG
- Barboza MA
- Barker-Collo SL
- Barnighausen TW
- Barrero LH
- Barthelemy CM
- Barua L
- Barzegar A
- Basaleem H
- Bassat Q
- Basu S
- Baune BT
- Bayati M
- Baye BA
- Bazmandegan G
- Becker JS
- Bedi N
- Beghi E
- Behzadifar M
- Bejot Y
- Bekuma TTT
- Bell ML
- Bello AK
- Ben L
- Bender RG
- Bennett DA
- Bennitt FB
- Bensenor IM
- Benziger CP
- Berhe K
- Berman AE
- Bernabe E
- Bernstein RS
- Bertolacci GJ
- Bhagavathula AS
- Bhageerathy R
- Bhala N
- Bhandari D
- Bhardwaj P
- Bhat AG
- Bhattacharyya K
- Bhattarai S
- Bhutta ZA
- Bibi S
- Bicer BK
- Biehl MH
- Bijani A
- Bikbov B
- Bilano V
- Bin Sayeed MS
- Bin Zaman S
- Biondi A
- Birihane BM
- Bisanzio D
- Bisignano C
- Biswas RK
- Bitew H
- Bjorge T
- Bockarie MJ
- Bohlouli S
- Bohluli M
- Bojia HA
- Bolla SR
- Boloor A
- Boon-Dooley AS
- Borges G
- Borzi AM
- Borzouei S
- Bose D
- Bosetti C
- Boston S
- Boufous S
- Bourne R
- Brady OJ
- Braithwaite D
- Brauer M
- Brayne C
- Breitborde NJK
- Breitner S
- Brenner H
- Breusov AV
- Briant PS
- Briggs AM
- Briko AN
- Briko NI
- Britton GB
- Brugha T
- Bryazka D
- Buchbinder R
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- Burkart K
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- Yousefi B
- Yousefi Z
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- Yousuf AY
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- Zaki L
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- Zamanian M
- Zandian H
- Zangeneh A
- Zarafshan H
- Zastrozhin MS
- Zewdie KA
- Zhang J
- Zhang Y
- Zhang Z-J
- Zhao JT
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- Zheleva B
- Zheng P
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- Zhu C
- Ziapour A
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- Zlavog BS
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- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a rules-based synthesis of the available evidence on levels and trends in health outcomes, a diverse set of risk factors, and health system responses. GBD 2019 covered 204 countries and territories, as well as first administrative level disaggregations for 22 countries, from 1990 to 2019. Because GBD is highly standardised and comprehensive, spanning both fatal and non-fatal outcomes, and uses a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of hierarchical disease and injury causes, the study provides a powerful basis for detailed and broad insights on global health trends and emerging challenges. GBD 2019 incorporates data from 281 586 sources and provides more than 3.5 billion estimates of health outcome and health system measures of interest for global, national, and subnational policy dialogue. All GBD estimates are publicly available and adhere to the Guidelines on Accurate and Transparent Health Estimate Reporting. From this vast amount of information, five key insights that are important for health, social, and economic development strategies have been distilled. These insights are subject to the many limitations outlined in each of the component GBD capstone papers.Peer reviewe
Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants
- Author
- Abarca-Gomez Leandra
- Abdeen Ziad A
- Abdrakhmanova Shynar
- Abu-Rmeileh Niveen M
- Acosta-Cazares Benjamin
- Adams Robert J
- Aekplakorn Wichai
- Afsana Kaosar
- Afzal Shoaib
- Agdeppa Imelda A
- Aghazadeh-Attari Javad
- Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A
- Agyemang Charles
- Ahmad Mohamad Hasnan
- Ahmad Noor Ani
- Ahmadi Ali
- Ahmadi Naser
- Ahmed Soheir H
- Ahrens Wolfgang
- Aitmurzaeva Gulmira
- Ajlouni Kamel
- Al Nsour Mohannad
- Al-Hazzaa Hazzaa M
- Al-Othman Amani Rashed
- Al-Raddadi Rajaa
- Alarouj Monira
- AlBuhairan Fadia
- AlDhukair Shahla
- Ali Mohamed M
- Alkandari Abdullah
- Alkerwi Ala'a
- Allin Kristine
- Alvarez-Pedrerol Mar
- Aly Eman
- Amarapurkar Deepak N
- Amiri Parisa
- Amougou Norbert
- Amouyel Philippe
- Andersen Lars Bo
- Anderssen Sigmund A
- Angquist Lars
- Anjana Ranjit Mohan
- Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
- Aounallah-Skhiri Hajer
- Araujo Joana
- Ariansen Inger
- Aris Tahir
- Arku Raphael E
- Arlappa Nimmathota
- Aryal Krishna K
- Aspelund Thor
- Assah Felix K
- Assuncao Maria Cecilia F
- Aung May Soe
- Auvinen Juha
- Avdicova Maria
- Azevedo Ana
- Azimi-Nezhad Mohsen
- Azizi Fereidoun
- Azmin Mehrdad
- Babu Bontha V
- Baharudin Azli
- Bahijri Suhad
- Baker Jennifer L
- Balakrishna Nagalla
- Bamoshmoosh Mohamed
- Banach Maciej
- Bandosz Piotr
- Banegas Jose R
- Baran Joanna
- Barbagallo Carlo M
- Barcelo Alberto
- Barkat Amina
- Barros Aluisio JD
- Barros Mauro Virgilio Gomes
- Basit Abdul
- Bastos Joao Luiz D
- Bata Iqbal
- Batieha Anwar M
- Batista Rosangela L
- Battakova Zhamilya
- Batyrbek Assembekov
- Baur Louise A
- Beaglehole Robert
- Bebakar Wan Mohamad Wan
- Bel-Serrat Silvia
- Belavendra Antonisamy
- Ben Romdhane Habiba
- Benedics Judith
- Benet Mikhail
- Bennett James E
- Bennett James E
- Bentham James
- Bergh Ingunn Holden
- Berkinbayev Salim
- Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio
- Bernotiene Gailute
- Bettiol Heloisa
- Bezerra Jorge
- Bhagyalaxmi Aroor
- Bharadwaj Sumit
- Bhargava Santosh K
- Bhutta Zulfiqar A
- Bhutta Zulfiqar A
- Bi Hongsheng
- Bi Yufang
- Bia Daniel
- Bikbov Mukharram M
- Bista Bihungum
- Bixby Honor
- Bjelica Dusko J
- Bjerregaard Peter
- Bjertness Espen
- Bjertness Marius B
- Bjorkelund Cecilia
- Black Robert
- Bloch Katia V
- Blokstra Anneke
- Bo Simona
- Bobak Martin
- Boddy Lynne M
- Boehm Bernhard O
- Boeing Heiner
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- Bojesen Stig E
- Boker Lital Keinan
- Bonaccio Marialaura
- Bongard Vanina
- Bonilla-Vargas Alice
- Bopp Matthias
- Borghs Herman
- Bovet Pascal
- Braeckevelt Lien
- Braeckman Lutgart
- Bragt Marjolijn CE
- Brajkovich Imperia
- Branca Francesco
- Braunerova Radka Taxova
- Breckenkamp Juergen
- Breda Joao
- Brenner Hermann
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- Brian Garry R
- Brinduse Lacramioara
- Brophy Sinead
- Bruno Graziella
- Bueno-de-Mesquita H Bas
- Bugge Anna
- Buoncristiano Marta
- Burazeri Genc
- Burns Con
- Cacciottolo Joseph
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- Candido Ana Paula C
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- Chetrit Angela
- Chikova-Iscener Ekaterina
- Chinh Nguyen Huu
- Chiolero Arnaud
- Chiou Shu-Ti
- Chirita-Emandi Adela
- Chirita-Emandi Adela
- Chirlaque Maria-Dolores
- Cho Belong
- Christensen Kaare
- Christofaro Diego G
- Chudek Jerzy
- Cifkova Renata
- Cilia Michelle
- Cinteza Eliza
- Cisneros Julio Zuniga
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- D'Arrigo Graziella
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- Danaei Goodarz
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- Dantoft Thomas M
- Dasgupta Parasmani
- Dastgiri Saeed
- Dauchet Luc
- Davletov Kairat
- De Backer Guy
- De Bacquer Dirk
- de Gaetano Giovanni
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- de Leon Antonio Cabrera
- de Oliveira Paula Duarte
- de Paiva Karina Mary
- De Ridder David
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- De Smedt Delphine
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- Dhimal Meghnath
- Di Castelnuovo Augusto F
- Di Cesare Mariachiara
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- Eddie Ricky
- Eftekhar Ebrahim
- Egbagbe Eruke E
- Eggertsen Robert
- Eghtesad Sareh
- Eiben Gabriele
- Ekelund Ulf
- El Ati Jalila
- El-Khateeb Mohammad
- Eldemire-Shearer Denise
- Eliasen Marie
- Elliott Paul
- Engle-Stone Reina
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- Erasmus Rajiv T
- Erbel Raimund
- Erem Cihangir
- Eriksen Louise
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- Escobedo-de la Pena Jorge
- Eslami Saeid
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- Faeh David
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- Fattahi Mohammad Reza
- Fawwad Asher
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- Fernandes Romulo A
- Fernandez-Berges Daniel
- Ferrante Daniel
- Ferrao Thomas
- Ferrari Marika
- Ferrario Marco M
- Ferreccio Catterina
- Ferrer Eldridge
- Ferrieres Jean
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- Fijalkowska Anna
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- Foo Leng Huat
- Forsner Maria
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- Franco Maria do Carmo
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- Fujita Yuki
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- Gaciong Zbigniew
- Gafencu Mihai
- Galbarczyk Andrzej
- Galenkamp Henrike
- Galeone Daniela
- Galfo Myriam
- Galvano Fabio
- Gao Jingli
- Garba Jamila Abubakar
- Garcia-de-la-Hera Manoli
- Garcia-Solano Marta
- Gareta Dickman
- Garnett Sarah P
- Gaspoz Jean-Michel
- Gasull Magda
- Gaya Adroaldo Cesar Araujo
- Gaya Anelise Reis
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- Gehring Ulrike
- Geiger Harald
- Geleijnse Johanna M
- Ghaffar Suhaila Abdul
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- Gheorghe-Fronea Oana-Florentina
- Giampaoli Simona
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- Giovannelli Jonathan
- Gironella Glen
- Giwercman Aleksander
- Gkiouras Konstantinos
- Godos Justyna
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- Goldsmith Rebecca A
- Goltzman David
- Gomez Santiago F
- Gomula Aleksandra
- Goncalves Helen
- Gonzalez Angel R
- Gonzalez-Chica David A
- Gonzalez-Gross Marcela
- Gonzalez-Leon Margot
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- Gonzalez-Villalpando Clicerio
- Gonzalez-Villalpando Maria-Elena
- Gottrand Frederic
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- Grammatikopoulou Maria G
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- Gregor Ronald D
- Grodzicki Tomasz
- Groholt Else Karin
- Grontved Anders
- Grosso Giuseppe
- Gruden Gabriella
- Gu Dongfeng
- Gualdi-Russo Emanuela
- Guallar-Castillon Pilar
- Gualtieri Andrea
- Gudmundsson Elias F
- Gudnason Vilmundur
- Guerrero Ramiro
- Guessous Idris
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- Gunnlaugsdottir Johanna
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- Gutierrez Laura
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- Gutzwiller Felix
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- Haghshenas Rosa
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- Halkjaer Jytte
- Hambleton Ian R
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- Hassapidou Maria
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- Iacoviello Licia
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- Jamrozik Konrad
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- Slowikowska-Hilczer Jolanta
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- Soares Fernanda Cunha
- Sobek Grzegorz
- Sobngwi Eugene
- Sodemann Morten
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- Soekatri Moesijanti YE
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- Stratton Gareth
- Stronks Karien
- Strufaldi Maria Wany
- Sturua Lela
- Suarez-Medina Ramon
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- van der Schouw Yvonne T
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- van Valkengoed Irene GM
- Vanderschueren Dirk
- Vanuzzo Diego
- Varbo Anette
- Varela-Moreiras Gregorio
- Varona-Perez Patricia
- Vasan Senthil K
- Vega Tomas
- Veidebaum Toomas
- Velasquez-Melendez Gustavo
- Velika Biruta
- Veronesi Giovanni
- Verschuren WM Monique
- Victora Cesar G
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- Viet Lucie
- Villalpando Salvador
- Vineis Paolo
- Vioque Jesus
- Virtanen Jyrki K
- Visser Marjolein
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- Viswanathan Bharathi
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- Vlasoff Tiina
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- Vrijheid Martine
- Vrijkotte Tanja GM
- Vrkic Tajana Zeljkovic
- Wade Alisha N
- Wagner Aline
- Waldhor Thomas
- Walton Janette
- Wambiya Elvis OA
- Wang Ming-Dong
- Wang Ningli
- Wang Qian
- Wang Xiangjun
- Wang Ya Xing
- Wang Ying-Wei
- Wannamethee S Goya
- Wareham Nicholas
- Weber Adelheid
- Wedderkopp Niels
- Weerasekera Deepa
- Weghuber Daniel
- Wei Wenbin
- Weres Aneta
- Werner Bo
- Whincup Peter H
- Widhalm Kurt
- Widyahening Indah S
- Wiecek Andrzej
- Wilks Rainford J
- Willeit Johann
- Willeit Peter
- Williams Julianne
- Wilsgaard Tom
- Wojtyniak Bogdan
- Wong Andrew
- Wong Jyh Eiin
- Wong Norazizah Ibrahim
- Wong Tien Yin
- Wong-McClure Roy A
- Woo Jean
- Woodward Mark
- Wu Frederick C
- Wu Jianfeng
- Wu Li Juan
- Wu Shouling
- Xu Haiquan
- Xu Liang
- Yaacob Nor Azwany
- Yamborisut Uruwan
- Yan Weili
- Yang Ling
- Yang Xiaoguang
- Yang Yang
- Yardim Nazan
- Yaseri Mehdi
- Yasuharu Tabara
- Ye Xingwang
- Yiallouros Panayiotis K
- Yoosefi Moein
- Yoshihara Akihiro
- You Qi Sheng
- You San-Lin
- Younger-Coleman Novie O
- Yusof Safiah Md
- Yusoff Ahmad Faudzi
- Yusoff Muhammad Fadhli Mohd
- Zaccagni Luciana
- Zafiropulos Vassilis
- Zainuddin Ahmad A
- Zainuddin Ahmad A
- Zakavi Seyed Rasoul
- Zamani Farhad
- Zambon Sabina
- Zampelas Antonis
- Zamrazilova Hana
- Zapata Maria Elisa
- Zargar Abdul Hamid
- Zaw Ko Ko
- Zdrojewski Tomasz
- Zeng Yi
- Zhang Luxia
- Zhang Zhen-Yu
- Zhao Dong
- Zhao Ming-Hui
- Zhao Wenhua
- Zhen Shiqi
- Zheng Wei
- Zheng Yingfeng
- Zholdin Bekbolat
- Zhou Bin
- Zhou Maigeng
- Zhu Dan
- Zocalo Yanina
- Zuziak Monika
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
Summary Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks
Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults
- Author
- Abbas Rezaianzadeh
- Abdonas Tamosiunas
- Abdul Basit
- Abdul Hamid Zargar
- Abdullah Alkandari
- Abdullatif Husseini
- Abhijit Sen
- Abla M Sibai
- Abu Am Hanif
- Adela Chirita-Emandi
- Adelheid Weber
- Adetoyeje Y Oyeyemi
- Adewale L Oyeyemi
- Adolfo Rubinstein
- Adoubi Kassi Anicet
- Adroaldo Cesar Araujo Gaya
- Afshin Ostovar
- Agnes L Kadvan
- Agneta Sjöberg
- Agneta Yngve
- Agnès Le Port
- Agustinus Soemantri
- Agustín Perez-Londoño
- Ahmad A Zainuddin
- Ahmad Faudzi Yusoff
- Ahmad Reza Dorosty
- Ahmed A Madar
- Aida Pilav
- Aïcha Soumaré
- Akaninyene Otu
- Akihiro Yoshihara
- Akkumis Salhanova
- Akram Pourshams
- Ala'a Alkerwi
- Alain Morejon
- Alanna G da Silva
- Albertino Damasceno
- Alberto Barceló
- Alberto Palloni
- Albina A Fakhretdinova
- Alejandro Diaz
- Aleksander Giwercman
- Aleksandra Gomula
- Aleksandra Piwonska
- Alessandro Gialluisi
- Aletta E Schutte
- Alexander D Deev
- Alexandra M Cucu
- Alexandre C Pereira
- Alfonso Siani
- Alfonso Sousa-Poza
- Ali Ahmadi
- Ali Akbar Shayesteh
- Ali Esmaeili
- Ali Ghanbari
- Ali Reza Safarpour
- Alice Bonilla-Vargas
- Alicia Matijasevich
- Alina G Platonova
- Alina Kerimkulova
- Aline Meirhaeghe
- Aline P Batista
- Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam
- Alireza Khosravi
- Alireza Moslem
- Alireza Sadjadi
- Alisha N Wade
- Alison J Hayes
- Alison J Price
- Allan G Hill
- Allan Linneberg
- Almaz Sharman
- Altan Onat
- Aluisio Jd Barros
- Alun Evans
- Amalia De Curtis
- Amanda G Thrift
- Amanda J Cross
- Amaneh Shayanrad
- Ambady Ramachandran
- Amelia C Crampin
- Amina Barkat
- Amir Houshang Mehrparvar
- Amirabbas Momenan
- Ana Azevedo
- Ana B Crujeiras
- Ana Barradas-Pires
- Ana Carolina Mgn de Sá
- Ana D González-Alvarez
- Ana Henriques
- Ana I Rito
- Ana Jelaković
- Ana Maria B Menezes
- Ana P Ortiz
- Ana Paula C Cândido
- Anabela Mota-Pinto
- Anar Dushpanova
- Anastasia Markaki
- Anders Grøntved
- Andre L Guimaraes
- Andre P Kengne
- Andrea Gazzinelli
- Andrea Gualtieri
- Andrea Rodriguez-Martinez
- Andrea Rvr Horimoto
- Andrea Schneider
- Andrea Y Rodríguez
- Andrea Zentai
- Andreas Stang
- Andreia N Pizarro
- Andrew Kingston
- Andrew Reynolds
- Andrew Wong
- Andrzej Galbarczyk
- Andrzej Pająk
- Andrzej Więcek
- Anelise Reis Gaya
- Aneta Grajda
- Aneta Weres
- Anette Varbo
- Angel R Gonzalez
- Angela Chetrit
- Angela Döring
- Angela Spinelli
- Angelika Schaffrath Rosario
- Angelique Chan
- Angélica M Ochoa-Avilés
- Anie Marcil
- Anil Poudyal
- Anja L Madsen
- Anja Schienkiewitz
- Anna Bartosiewicz
- Anna Bugge
- Anna Fijalkowska
- Anna Jansson
- Anna V Alieva
- Annamari Lundqvist
- Anne A Bjerregaard
- Anne Chinnock
- Anne Juolevi
- Anne Taylor
- Anne Tjonneland
- Anneke Blokstra
- Annette J Dobson
- Annette Peters
- Annika Rosengren
- Anthony Kafatos
- Antonia Trichopoulou
- Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- Antonio Cabrera de León
- Antonio M Silva
- Antonio Mistretta
- Antonio Pedro Graça
- Antonio Prista
- Antonis Zampelas
- Antonisamy Belavendra
- Anu Mishra
- Anwar M Batieha
- Archie W Rayner
- Areti Triantafyllou
- Argyro Karakosta
- Ari Voutilainen
- Aristides M Machado-Rodrigues
- Arnaud Chiolero
- Aroor Bhagyalaxmi
- Arsalan Khaledifar
- Artur Mazur
- Arvind Pandey
- Arwa M Alshangiti
- Aryeh D Stein
- Asher Fawwad
- Attilio Rigotti
- Atul Trivedi
- Augustin F Beybey
- Augustine N Odili
- Augusto Di Castelnuovo
- Aung Soe Htet
- Ausra Petrauskiene
- Avula Laxmaiah
- Axel C Carlsson
- Aya Mostafa
- Ayman A Zayed
- Azaliia M Tuliakova
- Azhar Dyussupova
- Azim Nejatizadeh
- Azli Baharudin
- Åsa Ågren
- Badreya Al-Lahou
- Bagher Larijani
- Bahareh Kheiri
- Bahman Cheraghian
- Bakary Jallow
- Baltazar Nunes
- Barbara Heude
- Barbara Thorand
- Barry M Popkin
- Batyrbek Assembekov
- Beatriz D Schaan
- Bee Koon Poh
- Behrooz Hamzeh
- Bekbolat Zholdin
- Belgin Unal
- Belong Cho
- Ben Schöttker
- Benjamin Acosta-Cazares
- Benoit Salanave
- Benson M Kazembe
- Bente Sparboe-Nilsen
- Bernard Maire
- Bernardo L Horta
- Bernhard O Boehm
- Bert-Jan van den Born
- Bettina Bringolf-Isler
- Bharathi Viswanathan
- Bhawesh Koirala
- Bihungum Bista
- Bill Stavreski
- Bin Zhou
- Bing Zhang
- Birgit Linkohr
- Biruta Velika
- Blanca Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt
- Bo Werner
- Boban Mugoša
- Bogdan Wojtyniak
- Bojan Jelaković
- Bontha V Babu
- Boyd A Swinburn
- Börge Schmidt
- Branimir Leskošek
- Breige A McNulty
- Brian Oldenburg
- Brooklyn Fraser
- Bruna Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva
- Buthaina M Alkhatib
- Børge G Nordestgaard
- Caleb Ochimana
- Calogero Saieva
- Calvin Ke
- Camilla T Damsgaard
- Carl Lachat
- Carla Menêses Hardman
- Carlo Maria Barbagallo
- Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas
- Carlos O Mendivil
- Carlos P Boissonnet
- Carmen Iñiguez
- Carolina B Tarqui-Mamani
- Caroline H Fall
- Caroline Ramos de Moura Silva
- Carsten O Schmidt
- Cassiano Ricardo Rech
- Catherine Kyobutungi
- Catterina Ferreccio
- Cecilia Björkelund
- Cecily Kelleher
- Cesar G Victora
- Cézane P Reuter
- Chandini Nekkantti
- Chao Qiang Jiang
- Charalambos A Hadjigeorgiou
- Charles Agyemang
- Charles K Mondo
- Charles Lunogelo
- Charles Sossa Jérome
- Charlie Lim
- Charlotte B Ottendahl
- Charmaine A Duante
- Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Chiara Donfrancesco
- Chien-An Sun
- Chien-Jen Chen
- Ching-Yu Cheng
- Chinh Nguyen Huu
- Chinwuba Ijoma
- Chongjian Wang
- Chris Cowell
- Christa L Lilly
- Christa Meisinger
- Christian Gieger
- Christina C Dahm
- Christina Howitt
- Christina Mavrogianni
- Christine Cameron
- Christophe Tzourio
- Christopher J Paciorek
- Chung T Nguyen
- Cihangir Erem
- Claes Ohlsson
- Clara Homs
- Claudia M Hormiga
- Cláudia S Minderico
- Clicerio González-Villalpando
- Clive Osmond
- Coimbatore Subramaniam Shanthirani
- Con Burns
- Constance Schultsz
- Constanta Huidumac Petrescu
- Cora L Craig
- Correia Júnior Marco Aurélio de Valois
- Cosmin R Cojocaru
- Cristina P Padez
- Crizian G Saar
- Cynthia M Pérez
- Cyrus Cooper
- Daan Kromhout
- Dalia Luksiene
- Damaskini Valvi
- Damian K Francis
- Dan Zhu
- Daniel Bia
- Daniel Fernández-Bergés
- Daniel Ferrante
- Daniel G Vasques
- Daniel Lemogoum
- Daniel Weghuber
- Daniela Galeone
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- Viviana Guajardo
- Viviane C Cardoso
- Vladimir Kutsenko
- Wafaie W Fawzi
- Wan Mohamad Wan Bebakar
- Wan Nazaimoon Wan Mohamud
- Wei Zheng
- Wei-Cheng Lo
- Wei-Yen Lim
- Weili Yan
- Wen-Harn Pan
- Wenbin Wei
- Wendy Van Lippevelde
- Wenhua Zhao
- Wichai Aekplakorn
- Willem A Hanekom
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- Wilma M Hopman
- Winsome R Parnell
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- Wojciech Drygas
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- Wolfgang Ahrens
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- Xenophon Theodoridis
- Xiangjun Wang
- Xiaoguang Yang
- Xiaotian Liu
- Ximena Berrios Carrasola
- Xinyi Gwee
- Xiu-Hua Guo
- Xu Lin
- Xu Ma
- Xueling Sim
- Xun Tang
- Ya Xing Wang
- Yadlapalli S Kusuma
- Yajaira Briceño
- Yang Yang
- Yanhui Dong
- Yanina Zocalo
- Yanitsa V Zhecheva
- Yannis Manios
- Yanping Li
- Yemane Berhane
- Yeunsook Rho
- Yeva Movsesyan
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- Yih Chung Tham
- Yiling J Cheng
- Yin Guo
- Ying-Wei Wang
- Yingfeng Zheng
- Yn-Tz Sung
- Yong Tao
- Yonghua Hu
- Yosef Farzi
- Yoto Yotov
- Youcef Laid
- Young-Ho Khang
- Yousef Saleh Khader
- Yu-Ling Yu
- Yuan He
- Yufang Bi
- Yuki Fujita
- Yulia Balanova
- Yuliya V Solovieva
- Yuna He
- Yunjiang Yu
- Yury P Nikitin
- Yves Kameli
- Yves Martin-Prevel
- Yvonne T van der Schouw
- Zahra Mohammadi
- Zbigniew Gaciong
- Zbigniew Kulaga
- Zengchang Pang
- Zhamilya Battakova
- Zhamyila Usupova
- Zhanna Kalmatayeva
- Zhen-Yu Zhang
- Zhengming Chen
- Ziad A Abdeen
- Zivka Dika
- Zlatko Fras
- Zulfiqar A Bhutta
- Zulfiya Abdurrahmonova
- Zumin Shi
- Łukasz Kryst
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/03/2024
- Field of study
Background Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We
estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from
1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories.
Methods We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and
weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate
trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children
and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the
individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For schoolaged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference)
and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median).
Findings From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in
11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed
changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and
140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of
underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and
countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior
probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse
was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of
thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a
posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%)
with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and
obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for
both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such
as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged
children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls
in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and
42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents,
the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining
underweight or thinness.
Interpretation The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an
increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy
nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of
underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesit
Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study
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- Publication venue
- 'American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks
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