Early stage primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a young HIV-positive patient

HIV infection is known to be associated with the development of a wide range of neoplasia. About 25 to 40% of HIV-positive patients will present some kind of malignancy in the course of the disease; among them 10% are non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) and 20% of these are represented by the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. HIV-positive patients have a relative risk of 110 times higher to develop neoplasia, than the non-infected population. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is the most frequent extranodal site of involvement. However, the primary GI lymphoma is rare. The authors present a case of a 31-year-old male patient with a 16-year history of HIV infection, who deliberately withdrew the Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) regimen and was hospitalized because of a respiratory infection. Because of a long-term complaint of dyspepsia, an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed disclosing a large elevated and ulcerated gastric lesion, which biopsy revealed a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Clinical, imaging and laboratory tests showed an early stage diagnosis: Lugano stage I. Although not frequent, the authors alert to considering this neoplasia in all HIV-positive patients with dyspeptic symptoms

ESTUDOS PRELIMINARES DA ATIVIDADE INSETICIDA DE ÓLEOS ESSENCIAIS DE ESPÉCIES DE PIPER LINNEUS (PIPERACEAE) EM OPERÁRIAS DE SOLENOPIS SAEVISSIMA F SMITH (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE), EM LABORATÓRIO

Este estudo objetivou em caráter preliminar avaliar a atividade inseticida de óleos essenciais de Piper aduncum L., P. callosumRuiz & Pav., P. divaricatum G. Mey., P. marginatum Jacq. var. anisatum e P. marginatum  Jacq var. marginatum em operárias adultas de Solenopsis saevissima, em laboratório. Para a avaliação da atividade inseticida por contato em superfície contaminada, foram utilizados papéis-filtro impregnados com 1 mL das concentrações 100, 500 e 1000 ppm dos óleos essenciais e da substância controle acetona. Nos períodos de 24 e 48 horas após o inicio dos experimentos foram registrados os números de formigas mortas. O percentual de mortalidade ocorrido em cada tratamento foi determinado utilizando-se a formula, % mortalidade = No. de mortos no controle - No. de mortos no tratamento / No. de mortos no controle x 100. Entre os óleos das cinco espécies de Piper, o melhor potencial inseticida foi constatado em P. aduncum com mortalidade média de 100% (1000 ppm), 85%  (500 ppm) e 55% (100 ppm) em 24 horas e 100 % (1000 e 500 ppm) e 76,6% (100 ppm) em 48 horas. Atribui-se que a ação inseticida, conferida por P. aduncum,deve-se a composição química de seu óleo essencial, devido a presença marcante de dilapiol (50-97%). Palavras-chave: controle, dilapiol, inseticidas vegetais, formiga-de-fogo. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18561/2179-5746/biotaamazonia.v1n1p42-4

Aproveitamento Alternativo da Casca do Maracujá-Amarelo (Passiflora edulis f. var. flavicarpa Deg.) para Produção de Biscoitos

O nosso objetivo foi pesquisar o aproveitamento da casca do maracujá-amarelo para a produção de biscoitos e sua aceitabilidade entre consumidores. Foi realizado um planejamento fatorial 22 com três pontos centrais com os fatores teor de farinha de resíduo e teor de gordura, e os biscoitos produzidos a partir destas formulações foram avaliados através de testes sensoriais. Os resultados obtidos com o auxílio de programa estatístico mostraram que não houve diferença significativa entre as amostras, portanto a formulação adotada foi a que apresentou a menor quantidade de gordura e maior quantidade de farinha de casca de maracujá. Adicionalmente, realizou-se teste sensorial para verificação entre duas amostras de biscoito, uma formulada com farinha a partir de casca tratada (macerada) e outra sem tratamento, sendo que os resultados não demonstraram diferença significativa entre elas. A farinha de casca de maracujá apresentou 7,35% de teor de umidade, 7,38% de cinzas e 26,29% de fibra bruta; já o biscoito apresentou 6,39% de teor de umidade, 1,65% de cinzas e 3,24% de fibra bruta. O biscoito com farinha de casca apresentou 7,5 vezes mais fibras do que um biscoito similar sem farinha de casca de maracujá

Kawasaki Disease: Laboratory Findings and an Immunopathogenesis on the Premise of a "Protein Homeostasis System"

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a self-limited systemic inflammatory illness, and coronary artery lesions (CALs) are a major complication determining the prognosis of the disease. Epidemiologic studies in Asian children suggest that the etiologic agent(s) of KD may be associated with environmental changes. Laboratory findings are useful for the diagnosis of incomplete KD, and they can guide the next-step in treatment of initial intravenous immunoglobulin non-responders. CALs seem to develop in the early stages of the disease before a peak in inflammation. Therefore early treatment, before the peak in inflammation, is mandatory to reduce the risk of CAL progression and severity of CALs. The immunopathogenesis of KD is more likely that of acute rheumatic fever than scarlet fever. A hypothetical pathogenesis of KD is proposed under the premise of a "protein homeostasis system"; where innate and adaptive immune cells control pathogenic proteins that are toxic to host cells at a molecular level. After an infection of unknown KD pathogen(s), the pathogenic proteins produced from an unknown focus, spread and bind to endothelial cells of coronary arteries as main target cells. To control the action of pathogenic proteins and/or substances from the injured cells, immune cells are activated. Initially, non-specific T cells and non-specific antibodies are involved in this reaction, while hyperactivated immune cells produce various cytokines, leading to a cytokine imbalance associated with further endothelial cell injury. After the emergence of specific T cells and specific antibodies against the pathogenic proteins, tissue injury ceases and a repair reaction begins with the immune cells

Obestatin as a key regulator of metabolism and cardiovascular function with emerging therapeutic potential for diabetes

Obestatin is a 23‐amino acid C‐terminally amidated gastrointestinal peptide derived from preproghrelin and which forms an α helix. Although obestatin has a short biological half‐life and is rapidly degraded, it is proposed to exert wide‐ranging pathophysiological actions. Whilst the precise nature of many of its effects is unclear, accumulating evidence supports positive actions on both metabolism and cardiovascular function. For example, obestatin has been reported to inhibit food and water intake, body weight gain and gastrointestinal motility and also to mediate promotion of cell survival and prevention of apoptosis. Obestatin‐induced increases in beta cell mass, enhanced adipogenesis and improved lipid metabolism have been noted along with up‐regulation of genes associated with beta cell regeneration, insulin production and adipogenesis. Furthermore, human circulating obestatin levels generally demonstrate an inverse association with obesity and diabetes, whilst the peptide has been shown to confer protective metabolic effects in experimental diabetes, suggesting that it may hold therapeutic potential in this setting. Obestatin also appears to be involved in blood pressure regulation and to exert beneficial effects on endothelial function, with experimental studies indicating that it may also promote cardioprotective actions against, for example, ischaemia–reperfusion injury. This review will present a critical appraisal of the expanding obestatin research area and discuss the emerging therapeutic potential of this peptide for both metabolic and cardiovascular complications of diabetes

2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: executive summary.

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2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: executive summary.

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withdrawn 2017 hrs ehra ecas aphrs solaece expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation

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