11 research outputs found
The first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in Spain was associated with early introductions and fast spread of a dominating genetic variant
SeqCOVID-Spain consortium:
Ălvaro Chiner-Oms, Irving Cancino-Muñoz, Mariana G. LĂłpez, Manuela Torres-Puente, Inmaculada GĂłmez-Navarro, Santiago JimĂ©nez-Serrano, Jordi PĂ©rez-Tur, DarĂo GarcĂa de Viedma, Laura PĂ©rez-Lago, Marta Herranz, Jon Sicilia, Pilar CatalĂĄn-Alonso, Julia SuĂĄrez GonzĂĄlez, Patricia Muñoz, Mireia Coscolla, Paula Ruiz-RodrĂguez, Fernando GonzĂĄlez-Candelas, Iñaki Comas, Lidia Ruiz-RoldĂĄn, MarĂa Alma Bracho, Neris GarcĂa-GonzĂĄlez, LlĂșcia MartĂnez Priego, Inmaculada GalĂĄn-Vendrell, Paula Ruiz-Hueso, Griselda De Marco, MarĂa Loreto FerrĂșs-Abad, Sandra CarbĂł-RamĂrez, Giuseppe DâAuria, Galo Adrian Goig, Juan Alberola, Jose Miguel Nogueira, Juan JosĂ© Camarena, David Navarro, Eliseo Albert, Ignacio Torres, Maitane Aranzamendi Zaldumbide, Ăscar MartĂnez ExpĂłsito, Nerea Antona Urieta, MarĂa de Toro, MarĂa Pilar Bea-Escudero, Jose Antonio Boga, Cristian CastellĂł-Abietar, Susana Rojo-Alba, Marta Elena Ălvarez-ArgĂŒelles, Santiago MelĂłn, Elisa MartrĂł, Antoni E. Bordoy, Anna Not, AdriĂĄn Antuori, Anabel FernĂĄndez-Navarro, AndrĂ©s Canut-Blasco, Silvia HernĂĄez Crespo, Maria Luz CordĂłn RodrĂguez, Maria ConcepciĂłn Lecaroz Agara, Carmen GĂłmez-GonzĂĄlez, Amaia Aguirre-Quiñonero, JosĂ© Israel LĂłpez-Mirones, Marina FernĂĄndez-Torres, Maria Rosario Almela-Ferrer, Ana Carvajal, Juan Miguel Fregeneda-Grandes, HĂ©ctor ArgĂŒello, Gustavo Cilla Eguiluz, Milagrosa Montes Ros, Luis Piñeiro VĂĄzquez, Ane Sorarrain, JosĂ© MarĂa MarimĂłn, JosĂ© J. Costa-Alcalde, RocĂo Trastoy, Gema Barbeito Castiñeiras, Amparo Coira, MarĂa Luisa PĂ©rez del Molino, Antonio Aguilera, Begoña Palop-BorrĂĄs, Inmaculada de Toro Peinado, Maria ConcepciĂłn Mediavilla Gradolph, Mercedes PĂ©rez-Ruiz, Mirian FernĂĄndez-Alonso, Jose Luis del Pozo, Oscar GonzĂĄlez-Recio, MĂłnica GutiĂ©rrez-Rivas, Jovita FernĂĄndez-Pinero, Miguel Ăngel JimĂ©nez Clavero, Begoña Fuster EscrivĂĄ, ConcepciĂłn Gimeno Cardona, MarĂa Dolores Ocete MochĂłn, Rafael Medina-Gonzalez, JosĂ© Antonio Lepe, VerĂłnica GonzĂĄlez GalĂĄn, Ăngel RodrĂguez-Villodres, Nieves Gonzalo JimĂ©nez, Jordi Reina, Carla LĂłpez-CausapĂ©, Maria Dolores GĂłmez-Ruiz, Eva M. Gonzalez-Barbera, JosĂ© Luis LĂłpez-Hontangas, Vicente MartĂn, Antonio J. Molina, Tania Fernandez-Villa, Ana Milagro Beamonte, Nieves Felisa MartĂnez-Cameo, Yolanda Gracia-Grataloup, Rosario Moreno-Muñoz, Maria Dolores Tirado Balaguer, JosĂ© MarĂa Navarro-MarĂ, Irene Pedrosa-Corral, Sara Sanbonmatsu-GĂĄmez, Antonio Oliver, MĂłnica Parra Grande, BĂĄrbara GĂłmez Alonso, Francisco JosĂ© Arjona ZaragozĂ, Maria Carmen PĂ©rez GonzĂĄlez, Francisco Javier Chamizo LĂłpez, Ana Bordes-BenĂtez, NĂșria Rabella, Ferran Navarro, Elisenda MirĂł, Antonio Rezusta, Alexander Tristancho, EncarnaciĂłn Simarro CĂłrdoba, Julia Lozano-Serra, Lorena Robles Fonseca, Ălex Soriano, Francisco Javier Roig Sena, Hermelinda Vanaclocha Luna, Isabel SanmartĂn, Daniel GarcĂa-Souto, Ana Pequeño-Valtierra, Jose M. C. Tubio, Javier Temes, Jorge RodrĂguez-Castro, MartĂn Santamarina GarcĂa, Manuel RodrĂguez-Iglesias, FĂĄtima GalĂĄn-Sanchez, Salud RodrĂguez-Pallares, JosĂ© Manuel Azcona-GutiĂ©rrez, Miriam Blasco-Alberdi, Alfredo Mayor, Alberto L. GarcĂa-Basteiro, Gemma Moncunill, Carlota Dobaño, Pau CisterĂł, Oriol MitjĂ , Camila GonzĂĄlez-Beiras, MartĂ Vall-Mayans, Marc Corbacho-MonnĂ©, Andrea Alemany, Cristina Muñoz-Cuevas, Guadalupe RodrĂguez-RodrĂguez, Rafael Benito, Sonia Algarate, Jessica Bueno, Andrea Vergara-GĂłmez, Miguel J. MartĂnez, Jordi Vila, Elisa Rubio, Aida PeirĂł-Mestres, Jessica Navero-Castillejos, David Posada, Diana Valverde, Nuria EstĂ©vez, Iria FernĂĄndez-Silva, Loretta de Chiara, Pilar Gallego-GarcĂa, Nair Varela, Ulises GĂłmez-Pinedo, MĂłnica Gozalo-MargĂŒello, Maria Eliecer Cano GarcĂa, JosĂ© Manuel MĂ©ndez-Legaza, Jesus RodrĂguez-Lozano, MarĂa Siller, Daniel Pablo-Marcos, Maria Montserrat Ruiz-GarcĂa, Antonio Galiana, Judith SĂĄnchez-Almendro, Maria Isabel GascĂłn Ros, Cristina Juana Torregrosa-Hetland, Eva MarĂa Pastor Boix, Paloma Cascales Ramos, Pedro Luis Garcinuño EnrĂquez, Salvador Raga Borja, Julia GonzĂĄlez CantĂł, Olalla MartĂnez Macias, Adolfo de Salazar, Laura Viñuela GonzĂĄlez, Natalia Chueca, Federico GarcĂa, Cristina GĂłmez-Camarasa, Amparo Farga MartĂ, RocĂo FalcĂłn, Victoria DomĂnguez-MĂĄrquez, Anna M. Planas, Israel FernĂĄndez-CĂĄdenas, Maria Ăngeles Marcos, Carmen Ezpeleta, Ana NavascuĂ©s, Ana Miqueleiz Zapatero, Manuel Segovia, Antonio Moreno-DocĂłn, Esther Viedma, RaĂșl Recio MartĂnez, Irene Muñoz-Gallego, Sara Gonzalez-Bodi, Maria Dolores Folgueira, JesĂșs Mingorance, Elias Dahdouh, Fernando LĂĄzaro-Perona, MarĂa RodrĂguez-Tejedor, MarĂa Pilar Romero-GĂłmez, Julio GarcĂa-RodrĂguez, Juan Carlos GalĂĄn, Mario RodrĂguez-Dominguez, Laura MartĂnez-GarcĂa, Melanie Abreu Di Berardino, Manuel Ponce-Alonso, Jose Maria GonzĂĄlez-Alba, Ivan Sanz-Muñoz, Diana PĂ©rez San JosĂ©, Maria Gil Fortuño, Juan B. Bellido-Blasco, Alberto YagĂŒe Muñoz, Noelia HernĂĄndez PĂ©rez, Helena Buj JordĂĄ, Ăscar PĂ©rez Olaso, Alejandro GonzĂĄlez Praetorius, Nora Mariela MartĂnez RamĂrez, Aida RamĂrez Marinero, Eduardo Padilla LeĂłn, Alba Vilas Basil, Mireia Canal Aranda, Albert Bernet SĂĄnchez, Alba BellĂ©s BellĂ©s, Eric LĂłpez GonzĂĄlez, IvĂĄn Prats SĂĄnchez, MercĂš GarcĂa-GonzĂĄlez, Miguel JosĂ© MartĂnez-Lirola, Manuel Ăngel RodrĂguez Maresca, Maria Teresa Cabezas FernĂĄndez, MarĂa Eugenia Carrillo Gil, Maria Paz Ventero MartĂn, Carmen Molina Pardines, Nieves Orta Mira, MarĂa Navarro Cots, Inmaculada Vidal CatalĂĄ, Isabel GarcĂa Nava, Soledad Illescas FernĂĄndez-Bermejo, JosĂ© MartĂnez-AlarcĂłn, Marta Torres-Narbona, Cristina Colmenarejo, Lidia GarcĂa-Agudo, Jorge A. PĂ©rez GarcĂa, MartĂn Yago LĂłpez, MarĂa Ăngeles Goberna Bravo, Victoria SimĂłn GarcĂa, Gonzalo Llop Furquet, AgustĂn Iranzo Tatay, Sandra Moreno-Marro, Noelia Lozano RodrĂguez, Amparo Broseta Tamarit, Juan JosĂ© Badiola DĂez, Amparo MartĂnez-RamĂrez, Ana Dopazo, Sergio Callejas, Alberto BengurĂa, Begoña Aguado, Antonio AlcamĂ, Marta Bermejo Bermejo, Ricardo Ramos-RuĂz, VĂctor Manuel FernĂĄndez Soria, Fernando SimĂłn Soria & Mercedes Roig CardellsThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the world radically since 2020. Spain was one of the European countries with the highest incidence during the first wave. As a part of a consortium to monitor and study the evolution of the epidemic, we sequenced 2,170 samples, diagnosed mostly before lockdown measures. Here, we identified at least 500 introductions from multiple international sources and documented the early rise of two dominant Spanish epidemic clades (SECs), probably amplified by superspreading events. Both SECs were related closely to the initial Asian variants of SARS-CoV-2 and spread widely across Spain. We inferred a substantial reduction in the effective reproductive number of both SECs due to public-health interventions (Reâ<â1), also reflected in the replacement of SECs by a new variant over the summer of 2020. In summary, we reveal a notable difference in the initial genetic makeup of SARS-CoV-2 in Spain compared with other European countries and show evidence to support the effectiveness of lockdown measures in controlling virus spread, even for the most successful genetic variants.This work was mainly funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III project COV20/00140, with additional funding by Spanish National Research Council project CSIC-COV19-021, Ministerio de Ciencia project PID2019-104477RB-100, ERC StG 638553 and ERC CoG 101001038 to I.C., and BFU2017-89594R to F.G.C. M.C. is supported by RamĂłn y Cajal program from Ministerio de Ciencia and grants RTI2018-094399-A-I00 and Generalitat Valenciana (Regional Government) project SEJI/2019/011. We gratefully acknowledge Hospital Universitari Vall dâHebron, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Lab and all the international researchers and institutions that submitted sequenced SARS-CoV-2 genomes to the GISAIDâs EpiCov Database (Supplementary Table 1), as an important part of our analyses has been made possible by the sharing of their work. We also thank Unidad de BioinformĂĄtica y EstadĂstica, Centro de InvestigaciĂłn PrĂncipe Felipe, for allowing us to use the Computer Cluster to perform some of the bioinformatic analysis.Peer reviewe
Postprandial Circulating miRNAs in Response to a Dietary Fat Challenge
Postprandial lipemia has many physiopathological effects, some of which increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can be found in almost all biological fluids, but their postprandial kinetics are poorly described. We aimed to profile circulating miRNAs in response to a fat challenge. In total, 641 circulating miRNAs were assessed by real-time PCR in plasmas from mice two hours after lipid gavage. Mice with intestine-specific loss of Dicer were screened to identify potential miRNAs released by the intestine. A total of 68 miRNAs were selected for further validation. Ten circulating miRNAs were finally validated as responsive to postprandial lipemia, including miR-206-3p, miR-543-3p, miR-466c-5p, miR-27b-5p, miR-409-3p, miR-340-3p, miR-1941-3p, miR-10a-3p, miR-125a-3p, and miR-468-3p. Analysis of their possible tissues of origin/target showed an enrichment of selected miRNAs in liver, intestine, brain, or skeletal muscle. miR-206, miR-27b-5p, and miR-409-3p were validated in healthy humans. Analysis of their predicted target genes revealed their potential involvement in insulin/insulin like growth factor (insulin/IGF), angiogenesis, cholecystokinin B receptor signaling pathway (CCKR), inflammation or Wnt pathways for mice, and in platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and CCKR signaling pathways for humans. Therefore, the current study shows that certain miRNAs are released in the circulation in response to fatty meals, proposing them as potential novel therapeutic targets of lipid metabolism
Desequilibrio entre la oferta y las necesidades de cardiólogos en España. Anålisis de la situación actual, previsiones futuras y propuestas de solución
The first wave of the Spanish COVID-19 epidemic was associated with early introductions and fast spread of a dominating genetic variant
The COVID-19 pandemic has shaken the world since the beginning of 2020. Spain is among the European countries with the highest incidence of the disease during the first pandemic wave. We established a multidisciplinar consortium to monitor and study the evolution of the epidemic, with the aim of contributing to decision making and stopping rapid spreading across the country. We present the results for 2170 sequences from the first wave of the SARS-Cov-2 epidemic in Spain and representing 12% of diagnosed cases until 14th March. This effort allows us to document at least 500 initial introductions, between early February-March from multiple international sources. Importantly, we document the early raise of two dominant genetic variants in Spain (Spanish Epidemic Clades), named SEC7 and SEC8, likely amplified by superspreading events. In sharp contrast to other non-Asian countries those two variants were closely related to the initial variants of SARS-CoV-2 described in Asia and represented 40% of the genome sequences analyzed. The two dominant SECs were widely spread across the country compared to other genetic variants with SEC8 reaching a 60% prevalence just before the lockdown. Employing Bayesian phylodynamic analysis, we inferred a reduction in the effective reproductive number of these two SECs from around 2.5 to below 0.5 after the implementation of strict public-health interventions in mid March. The effects of lockdown on the genetic variants of the virus are reflected in the general replacement of preexisting SECs by a new variant at the beginning of the summer season. Our results reveal a significant difference in the genetic makeup of the epidemic in Spain and support the effectiveness of lockdown measures in controlling virus spread even for the most successful genetic variants. Finally, earlier control of SEC7 and particularly SEC8 might have reduced the incidence and impact of COVID-19 in our country.This work was funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III project COV20/00140, Spanish
593 National Research Council project CSIC-COV19-021 and ERC StG 638553 to IC, and BFU2017-
594 89594R to FGC. MC is supported by RamĂłn y Cajal program from Ministerio de Ciencia and
595 grants RTI2018-094399-A-I00 and SEJI/2019/011.
596 We gratefully acknowledge Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Instituto de Salud Carlos
597 III, IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Lab and all the international researchers and institutions that
598 submitted sequenced SARS-CoV-2 genomes to the GISAIDâs EpiCovâą Database, as an
599 important part of our analyses have been made possible by the share of their work.N
La desescalada de las medidas de mitigaciĂłn contra el COVID-19 en España (mayoâjunio 2020)
[EN] Introduction: The state of alarm was declared in Spain due to the COVID-19 epidemic on March 14, 2020, and established population confinement measures. The objective is to describe the process of lifting these mitigation measures. Methods: The Plan for the Transition to a New Normality, approved on April 28, contained four sequential phases with progressive increase in socio-economic activities and population mobility. In parallel, a new strategy for early diagnosis, surveillance and control was implemented. A bilateral decision mechanism was established between the Spanish Government and the autonomous communities (AC), guided by a set of qualitative and quantitative indicators capturing the epidemiological situation and core capacities. The territorial units were established ad-hoc and could be from Basic Health Zones to entire AC. Results: The process run from May 4 to June 21, 2020. AC implemented plans for reinforcement of core capacities. Incidence decreased from a median (50% of territories) of 7.4 per 100,000 in 7 days at the beginning to 2.5 at the end. Median PCR testing increased from 53% to 89% of suspected cases and PCR total capacity from 4.5 to 9.8 per 1000 inhabitants weekly; positivity rate decreased from 3.5% to 1.8%. Median proportion of cases with traced contacts increased from 82% to 100%. Conclusion: Systematic data collection, analysis, and interterritorial dialogue allowed adequate process control. The epidemiological situation improved but, mostly, the process entailed a great reinforcement of core response capacities nation-wide, under common criteria. Maintaining and further reinforcing capacities remained crucial for responding to future waves. [ES] IntroducciĂłn: El 14 de marzo de 2020 España declarĂł el estado de alarma por la pandemia por COVID-19 incluyendo medidas de confinamiento. El objetivo es describir el proceso de desescalada de estas medidas. MĂ©todos: Un plan de transiciĂłn hacia una nueva normalidad, del 28 de abril, incluĂa 4 fases secuenciales incrementando progresivamente las actividades socioeconĂłmicas y la movilidad. Concomitantemente, se implementĂł una nueva estrategia de diagnĂłstico precoz, vigilancia y control. Se estableciĂł un mecanismo de decisiĂłn bilateral entre Gobierno central y comunidades autĂłnomas (CCAA), guiado por un panel de indicadores cualitativos y cuantitativos de la situaciĂłn epidemiolĂłgica y las capacidades bĂĄsicas. Las unidades territoriales evaluadas comprendĂan desde zonas bĂĄsicas de salud hasta CCAA. Resultados: El proceso se extendiĂł del 4 de mayo al 21 de junio y se asociĂł a planes de refuerzo de las capacidades en las CCAA. La incidencia disminuyĂł de una mediana inicial de 7,4 por 100.000 en 7 dĂas a 2,5 al final del proceso. La mediana de pruebas PCR aumentĂł del 53% al 89% de los casos sospechosos, y la capacidad total de 4,5 a 9,8 pruebas semanales por 1.000 habitantes; la positividad disminuyĂł del 3,5% al 1,8%. La mediana de casos con contactos trazados aumentĂł del 82% al 100%. ConclusiĂłn: La recogida y anĂĄlisis sistemĂĄtico de informaciĂłn y el diĂĄlogo interterritorial logaron un adecuado control del proceso. La situaciĂłn epidemiolĂłgica mejorĂł, pero sobre todo, se aumentaron las capacidades, en todo el paĂs y con criterios comunes, cuyo mantenimiento y refuerzo fue clave en olas sucesivas.S