533 research outputs found
FLESH AND BLOOD: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WOMEN\u27S IDENTITY AND RELIGION IN THE ANCIENT MEDITERRANEAN
Breaking CPT by mixed non-commutativity
The mixed component of the non-commutative parameter \theta_{\mu M}, where
\mu = 0,1,2,3 and M is an extra dimensional index may violate four-dimensional
CPT invariance. We calculate one and two-loop induced couplings of \theta_{\mu
5} with the four-dimensional axial vector current and with the CPT odd dim=6
operators starting from five-dimensional Yukawa and U(1) theories. The
resulting bounds from clock comparison experiments place a stringent constraint
on \theta_{\mu 5}, |\theta_{\mu 5}|^{-1/2} > 5\times 10^{11} GeV. The orbifold
projection and/or localization of fermions on a 3-brane lead to CPT-conserving
physics, in which case the constraints on \theta{\mu 5} are softened.Comment: 4 pages, latex, 1 figur
It Is Not Just About Enrollment: Recognizing the Impact of RCT Recruitment Approaches on Prediabetes Awareness, Screening, and Capacity Building in African American Communities
Diabetes is a growing epidemic in the USA. Compared to white Americans, African Americans are 1.8 times more likely to have diabetes [1]. Additionally, African Americans with diabetes experience higher rates of morbidity and mortality than other racial groups. Compared to whites, African Americans are twice as likely to suffer from diabetes-related blindness, 1.5 to 2.5 times more likely to suffer from lower limb amputations and 2.6 to 5.6 times more likely to suffer from kidney disease [1, 2]. Prediabetes is a common precursor to diabetes and characterized by blood glucose levels that are above normal but below the criteria for a diagnosis of diabetes [3]. Approximately 30% or 88 million US adults have prediabetes [4] with African Americans disproportionately affected. During the average 3 years of follow-up of the landmark Diabetes Prevention Program, prediabetes developed into type 2 diabetes in approximately 11% of the subjects who participated in the standard care or control group [5]. Other estimates show that if prevention strategies are not implemented, individuals with prediabetes will be diagnosed with type 2 diabetes within 10 years [6]. While African Americans with prediabetes are at significant risk for developing diabetes, this outcome is not inevitable. Diagnosis of prediabetes is an example of secondary prevention, screening to identify diseases at an early stage, before symptoms begin [7]. The identification of pre-diabetes, and subsequent secondary prevention efforts to thwart or delay transition to diabetes, can reduce morbidity, impaired quality of life, monumental healthcare costs, and mortality rates [1, 2, 8, 9]
Semilattices of groups and nonstable K-theory of extended Cuntz limits
We give an elementary characterization of those abelian monoidsM
that are direct limits of countable sequences of finite direct sums of monoids
of the form either (Z/nZ) ⊔ {0} or Z ⊔ {0}. This characterization involves the
Riesz refinement property together with lattice-theoretical properties of the
collection of all subgroups of M (viewed as a semigroup), and it makes it pos-
sible to express M as a certain submonoid of a direct product ×G, where
is a distributive semilattice with zero and G is an abelian group. When applied
to the monoids V (A) appearing in the nonstable K-theory of C*-algebras, our
results yield a full description of V (A) for C*-inductive limits A of finite sums
of full matrix algebras over either Cuntz algebras On, where 2 ≤ n < ∞, or
corners of O1 by projections, thus extending to the case including O1 earlier
work by the authors together with K.R. Goodearl
Soil health, crop productivity, microbial transport, and mine spoil response to biochars
Biochar is being evaluated by scientists from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service (ARS) for its potential to sequester soil C, to improve soil health, and to increase crop yields. ARS scientists from multiple locations such as Florence, SC, Kimberly, ID, Bowling Green, KY, Corvallis, OR, and St. Paul, MN, are conducting investigations with agronomic experiments at the laboratory, greenhouse, and field plot scales. To further expand biochars utility, ARS scientists have collaborated with United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) investigators to reclaim mine-impacted soils. In the agronomic investigations, both positive and negative aspects of biochar application were revealed. In some experiments, biochars were reported to have no effect on crop yields, and minimal impact on movement of microbial pathogens through soil. In other experiments, biochars were reported to improve soil fertility, increase water retention, and bind with heavy metals in solutions and in mine spoil soils. This variation in biochars influence, substantiates and encourages further work on the designer biochar concept, which states that the biochars can be crafted for targeted agronomic and environmental purposes. There is a need to broadcast the successes and failures of biochar research reported by scientists from both agencies. Consequently, the objectives of this review are: to report on biochar effectiveness as a soil amendment; to ascertain its ability to modify soil properties, to evaluate its impact on soil leaching of microbes; and its potential capacity to help reclaim mine spoil sites
To wet or not to wet: that is the question
Wetting transitions have been predicted and observed to occur for various
combinations of fluids and surfaces. This paper describes the origin of such
transitions, for liquid films on solid surfaces, in terms of the gas-surface
interaction potentials V(r), which depend on the specific adsorption system.
The transitions of light inert gases and H2 molecules on alkali metal surfaces
have been explored extensively and are relatively well understood in terms of
the least attractive adsorption interactions in nature. Much less thoroughly
investigated are wetting transitions of Hg, water, heavy inert gases and other
molecular films. The basic idea is that nonwetting occurs, for energetic
reasons, if the adsorption potential's well-depth D is smaller than, or
comparable to, the well-depth of the adsorbate-adsorbate mutual interaction. At
the wetting temperature, Tw, the transition to wetting occurs, for entropic
reasons, when the liquid's surface tension is sufficiently small that the free
energy cost in forming a thick film is sufficiently compensated by the fluid-
surface interaction energy. Guidelines useful for exploring wetting transitions
of other systems are analyzed, in terms of generic criteria involving the
"simple model", which yields results in terms of gas-surface interaction
parameters and thermodynamic properties of the bulk adsorbate.Comment: Article accepted for publication in J. Low Temp. Phy
Time-orthogonal unitary dilations and noncommutative Feynman-Kac formulae
An analysis of Feynman-Kac formulae reveals that, typically, the unperturbed semigroup is expressed as the expectation of a random unitary evolution and the perturbed semigroup is the expectation of a perturbation of this evolution in which the latter perturbation is effected by a cocycle with certain covariance properties with respect to the group of translations and reflections of the line. We consider generalisations of the classical commutative formalism in which the probabilistic properties are described in terms of non-commutative probability theory based on von Neumann algebras. Examples of this type are generated, by means of second quantisation, from a unitary dilation of a given self-adjoint contraction semigroup, called the time orthogonal unitary dilation, whose key feature is that the dilation operators corresponding to disjoint time intervals act nontrivially only in mutually orthogonal supplementary Hilbert spaces.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/46525/1/220_2005_Article_BF01976044.pd
Shrinking a large dataset to identify variables associated with increased risk of Plasmodium falciparum infection in Western Kenya
Large datasets are often not amenable to analysis using traditional single-step approaches. Here, our general objective was to apply imputation techniques, principal component analysis (PCA), elastic net and generalized linear models to a large dataset in a systematic approach to extract the most meaningful predictors for a health outcome. We extracted predictors for Plasmodium falciparum infection, from a large covariate dataset while facing limited numbers of observations, using data from the People, Animals, and their Zoonoses (PAZ) project to demonstrate these techniques: data collected from 415 homesteads in western Kenya, contained over 1500 variables that describe the health, environment, and social factors of the humans, livestock, and the homesteads in which they reside. The wide, sparse dataset was simplified to 42 predictors of P. falciparum malaria infection and wealth rankings were produced for all homesteads. The 42 predictors make biological sense and are supported by previous studies. This systematic data-mining approach we used would make many large datasets more manageable and informative for decision-making processes and health policy prioritization
Measurement of the Bottom-Strange Meson Mixing Phase in the Full CDF Data Set
We report a measurement of the bottom-strange meson mixing phase \beta_s
using the time evolution of B0_s -> J/\psi (->\mu+\mu-) \phi (-> K+ K-) decays
in which the quark-flavor content of the bottom-strange meson is identified at
production. This measurement uses the full data set of proton-antiproton
collisions at sqrt(s)= 1.96 TeV collected by the Collider Detector experiment
at the Fermilab Tevatron, corresponding to 9.6 fb-1 of integrated luminosity.
We report confidence regions in the two-dimensional space of \beta_s and the
B0_s decay-width difference \Delta\Gamma_s, and measure \beta_s in [-\pi/2,
-1.51] U [-0.06, 0.30] U [1.26, \pi/2] at the 68% confidence level, in
agreement with the standard model expectation. Assuming the standard model
value of \beta_s, we also determine \Delta\Gamma_s = 0.068 +- 0.026 (stat) +-
0.009 (syst) ps-1 and the mean B0_s lifetime, \tau_s = 1.528 +- 0.019 (stat) +-
0.009 (syst) ps, which are consistent and competitive with determinations by
other experiments.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, Phys. Rev. Lett 109, 171802 (2012
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