Monitoramento Participativo como Mecanismo de Adaptação e Resiliência em Cidades. Caso do Projeto de Extensão Do Obeamv/Unila em Foz Do Iguaçu

Abstract: This article is an experience report on the pilot plan for participatory monitoring of the priority areas of the Atlantic Forest Municipal Plan (PMMA) in Foz do Iguaçu/PR. The project is part of the extension actions that the Moema Viezzer Environmental Educator Observatory (OBEAMV) has been developing in 2022 and 2023, linked to the Federal University of Latin American Integration (UNILA). The aim is to present how participatory monitoring can contribute to the conservation of priority areas in the Atlantic Forest and, consequently, to maintaining the socio-ecological dynamics that contribute to climate adaptation and resilience for both communities and the ecosystem. To this end, the experience covers three dimensions: the technical environmental dimension; the socio-environmental and/or social participation dimension; and finally the local management and governance dimension. In short, the experience of participatory monitoring of the PMMA in Foz is part of a project to empower communities in the conservation of the city's green areas through the development of knowledge in the environmental area and joint management strategies in the tripod: community, organized civil society and public authorities. Key Words: Monitoring, participation, resilience, AbE, climate emergency, PMMA. .Resumen: Este artículo es un informe de experiencia del plan piloto de monitoreo participativo de las áreas prioritarias del Plan Municipal de la Mata Atlántica (PMMA) de Foz do Iguaçu/PR. El proyecto forma parte de las acciones de extensión que el Observatorio Educador Ambiental Moema Viezzer (OBEAMV) ha estado desarrollando en 2022 y 2023, vinculado a la Universidad Federal de la Integración Latinoamericana (UNILA). En este sentido, el objetivo es presentar cómo el monitoreo participativo puede contribuir a la conservación de las áreas prioritarias de la mata atlántica y, en consecuencia, a mantener las dinámicas socioecológicas que contribuyen a la adaptación y resiliencia climática tanto de las comunidades como del ecosistema. Para ello, la experiencia contempla tres dimensiones: la técnica ambiental; la socioambiental y/o de participación social; y finalmente la parte de gestión y gobernanza local. En resumen, la experiencia de monitoreo participativo del PMMA en Foz forma parte de un proyecto de empoderamiento de las comunidades en la conservación de las áreas verdes de la ciudad mediante el desarrollo de conocimientos en el área ambiental y estrategias de gestión conjunta en el trípode: comunidad, sociedad civil organizada y el poder público. Palabras clave: Monitoreo, participación, resiliencia, AbE, emergencia climática, PMMA.Résumé: Cet article est un compte rendu d'expérience du plan pilote de surveillance participative des zones prioritaires du Plan Municipal de la Mata Atlântica (PMMA) de Foz do Iguaçu/PR. Le projet fait partie des actions de vulgarisation que l'Observatoire Éducateur Environnemental Moema Viezzer (OBEAMV) a menées en 2022 et 2023, liées à l'Université Fédérale de l'Intégration Latino-américaine (UNILA). Dans ce sens, l'objectif est de montrer comment la surveillance participative peut contribuer à la conservation des zones prioritaires de la forêt atlantique et, par conséquent, au maintien des dynamiques socio-écologiques qui favorisent l'adaptation et la résilience climatique tant des communautés que de l'écosystème. À cette fin, l'expérience comprend trois dimensions : la technique environnementale ; la dimension socio-environnementale et/ou de participation sociale ; et enfin la partie gestion et gouvernance locale. En résumé, l'expérience de surveillance participative du PMMA à Foz fait partie d'un projet de renforcement des capacités des communautés dans la conservation des espaces verts de la ville par le développement de connaissances dans le domaine environnemental et de stratégies de gestion conjointe dans le triptyque : communauté, société civile organisée et pouvoir public. Mots-clés: Surveillance, participation, résilience, A&E, urgence climatique, PMMA.Resumo: O presente artigo é um relato de experiência do plano piloto do monitoramento participativo das áreas prioritárias do Plano Municipal da Mata Atlântica (PMMA) de Foz do Iguaçu/PR. O projeto faz parte das ações de extensão que o Observatório Educador Ambiental Moema Viezzer (OBEAMV) vem desenvolvendo em 2022 e 2023, vinculado à Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-americana (UNILA). Nesse sentido, o objetivo é apresentar como o monitoramento participativo pode contribuir para a conservação das áreas prioritárias da mata atlântica e em consequência a manutenção das dinâmicas socioecológicas que contribuem na adaptação e resiliência climática tanto das comunidades quanto do ecossistema. Para tanto, a experiência contempla 3 dimensões: a técnica ambiental; a socioambiental e/ou de participação social; e finalmente a parte de gestão e governança local. Em suma, a experiência de monitoramento participativo do PMMA em Foz é parte de um projeto de empoderamento das comunidades na conservação das áreas verdes da cidade mediante o desenvolvimento de conhecimento na área ambiental e estratégias de gestão conjunta no tripé: comunidade, sociedade civil organizada e o poder público. Palavras-Chave: Monitoramento, participação, resiliência, AbE,emergência climática, PMMA.

A Percepção Dos Familiares Quanto À Implantação Do Centro De Atenção Psicossocial no interior do Estado de Minas Gerais / The perception of the relatives regarding the implantation of the Center Of Psychosocial Attention in town the State of Minas Gerais

O estudo teve como objetivo compreender a percepção dos familiares sobre a implantação do CAPS II e comparar o número de internações hospitalares ocorridas em um município, antes e após a implantação do serviço. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória realizada no interior do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Participaram do estudo cinco familiares de usuários que tinham histórico de longas internações psiquiátricas e que estavam em regime de atenção intensivo no CAPS II. Os dados foram coletados por meio da técnica documental sobre as internações psiquiátricas e entrevistas semidirigidas gravadas, transcritas e analisadas mediante Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados mostram uma redução significativa no número de internações psiquiátricas após a implantação do CAPS II. A partir das entrevistas foi identificada a ausência de referência para a assistência contínua em outros pontos da atenção à saúde, quando o paciente recebia alta hospitalar. Com a implantação do CAPS II houveram mudanças significativas, dentre elas, a de que atualmente os usuários com transtorno mental e familiares têm uma assistência em seu município, destinada a acolhê-los, estimular sua integração social e familiar, apoiá-los em suas iniciativas de busca da autonomia, oferecer-lhes atendimento médico, psicológico e multidisciplinar, integrando os usuários a um ambiente social e cultural concreto, designado como seu “território”, o espaço da cidade onde se desenvolve a vida cotidiana de usuários e familiares

The Genomic Ancestry of Individuals from Different Geographical Regions of Brazil Is More Uniform Than Expected

Based on pre-DNA racial/color methodology, clinical and pharmacological trials have traditionally considered the different geographical regions of Brazil as being very heterogeneous. We wished to ascertain how such diversity of regional color categories correlated with ancestry. Using a panel of 40 validated ancestry-informative insertion-deletion DNA polymorphisms we estimated individually the European, African and Amerindian ancestry components of 934 self-categorized White, Brown or Black Brazilians from the four most populous regions of the Country. We unraveled great ancestral diversity between and within the different regions. Especially, color categories in the northern part of Brazil diverged significantly in their ancestry proportions from their counterparts in the southern part of the Country, indicating that diverse regional semantics were being used in the self-classification as White, Brown or Black. To circumvent these regional subjective differences in color perception, we estimated the general ancestry proportions of each of the four regions in a form independent of color considerations. For that, we multiplied the proportions of a given ancestry in a given color category by the official census information about the proportion of that color category in the specific region, to arrive at a “total ancestry” estimate. Once such a calculation was performed, there emerged a much higher level of uniformity than previously expected. In all regions studied, the European ancestry was predominant, with proportions ranging from 60.6% in the Northeast to 77.7% in the South. We propose that the immigration of six million Europeans to Brazil in the 19th and 20th centuries - a phenomenon described and intended as the “whitening of Brazil” - is in large part responsible for dissipating previous ancestry dissimilarities that reflected region-specific population histories. These findings, of both clinical and sociological importance for Brazil, should also be relevant to other countries with ancestrally admixed populations

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Search for stop and higgsino production using diphoton Higgs boson decays

Results are presented of a search for a "natural" supersymmetry scenario with gauge mediated symmetry breaking. It is assumed that only the supersymmetric partners of the top-quark (stop) and the Higgs boson (higgsino) are accessible. Events are examined in which there are two photons forming a Higgs boson candidate, and at least two b-quark jets. In 19.7 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV, recorded in the CMS experiment, no evidence of a signal is found and lower limits at the 95% confidence level are set, excluding the stop mass below 360 to 410 GeV, depending on the higgsino mass

Severe early onset preeclampsia: short and long term clinical, psychosocial and biochemical aspects

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific disorder commonly defined as de novo hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks gestational age. It occurs in approximately 3-5% of pregnancies and it is still a major cause of both foetal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide1. As extensive research has not yet elucidated the aetiology of preeclampsia, there are no rational preventive or therapeutic interventions available. The only rational treatment is delivery, which benefits the mother but is not in the interest of the foetus, if remote from term. Early onset preeclampsia (<32 weeks’ gestational age) occurs in less than 1% of pregnancies. It is, however often associated with maternal morbidity as the risk of progression to severe maternal disease is inversely related with gestational age at onset2. Resulting prematurity is therefore the main cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in patients with severe preeclampsia3. Although the discussion is ongoing, perinatal survival is suggested to be increased in patients with preterm preeclampsia by expectant, non-interventional management. This temporising treatment option to lengthen pregnancy includes the use of antihypertensive medication to control hypertension, magnesium sulphate to prevent eclampsia and corticosteroids to enhance foetal lung maturity4. With optimal maternal haemodynamic status and reassuring foetal condition this results on average in an extension of 2 weeks. Prolongation of these pregnancies is a great challenge for clinicians to balance between potential maternal risks on one the eve hand and possible foetal benefits on the other. Clinical controversies regarding prolongation of preterm preeclamptic pregnancies still exist – also taking into account that preeclampsia is the leading cause of maternal mortality in the Netherlands5 - a debate which is even more pronounced in very preterm pregnancies with questionable foetal viability6-9. Do maternal risks of prolongation of these very early pregnancies outweigh the chances of neonatal survival? Counselling of women with very early onset preeclampsia not only comprises of knowledge of the outcome of those particular pregnancies, but also knowledge of outcomes of future pregnancies of these women is of major clinical importance. This thesis opens with a review of the literature on identifiable risk factors of preeclampsia

Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults

Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities(.)(1,2) This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity(3-6). Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55% of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017-and more than 80% in some low- and middle-income regions-was due to increases in BMI in rural areas. This large contribution stems from the fact that, with the exception of women in sub-Saharan Africa, BMI is increasing at the same rate or faster in rural areas than in cities in low- and middle-income regions. These trends have in turn resulted in a closing-and in some countries reversal-of the gap in BMI between urban and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries, especially for women. In high-income and industrialized countries, we noted a persistently higher rural BMI, especially for women. There is an urgent need for an integrated approach to rural nutrition that enhances financial and physical access to healthy foods, to avoid replacing the rural undernutrition disadvantage in poor countries with a more general malnutrition disadvantage that entails excessive consumption of low-quality calories.Peer reviewe

Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants

Summary Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks