Implementação kaizen - Pull-Planning das tintas de base aquosa e reorganização do armazém de produto acabado na Sika Portugal

Estágio realizado na Sika Portugal, S.A., orientador Engenheiro João LobãoTese de mestrado integrado. Engenharia Industrial e Gestão. Universidade do Porto. Faculdade de Engenharia. 201

Análise quantitativa e qualitativa da neuroinflamação pela toxina beta amilóide 1-42 após tratamento com nanopartículas de resveratrol

Introdução: Este estudo avaliou os efeitos das nanopartículas de zeína com resveratrol na neuroinflamação causada pela doença de Alzheimer. Método: A amostra consistiu em 30 animais divididos em grupos de controle (C), controle positivo (CP), nanopartículas brancas (NB), nanopartículas de resveratrol (NR) e resveratrol (R). Os animaisreceberam 10 mg/kg de resveratrol ou nanopartículas de acordo com o grupo, diariamente, por 15 dias, por via oral. Em seguida, foram submetidos a análises imuno-histoquímicas (IHC). Resultados: A IHC mostrou que não houve alteração na composição morfológica do cérebro nos grupos NR e C. Por outro lado, nos grupos CP, NB e R, foram observadas alterações na deposição de Anti Tau. O grupo NR mostrou uma projeção normal de taurinano axônio, que não se apresentou da mesma forma nos outros grupos. O marcador CD68 não mostrou ativação microglial nos grupos R e C. As análises quantitativas do antibeta-amiloide no grupo NR mostraram uma diferença estatística quando comparadas aos grupos CP, NB e R, enquanto a análise do antitau mostrou uma diferença significativa entre os grupos CP e NR. O marcador CD68 mostrou uma diferença significativa entre os grupos C e NR. A análise das citocinas mostrou uma diferença significativa no TNF-α entre os grupos C e CP, C e NB, CP e NR, e NB e NR. IL-6 e InF-δ não apresentaram diferença significativa entre todos os grupos. A IL-10 apresentou diferenças significativas entre os grupos C e NR, C e R, e CP e NR. Conclusão: A NR impediu a evolução da neuroinflamação.Background: This study evaluated the effects of zein nanoparticles with resveratrol on neuroinflammation caused by Alzheimer’s disease. Method: The sample consisted of 30 animals divided into control (C), positive control (CP), white nanoparticles (NB), resveratrol nanoparticles (NR) and resveratrol (R) groups. The animals received 10 mg/kg of resveratrol or nanoparticles according to the group, daily, for 15 days, oral administration. Afterward, they weresubmitted to immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses. Results: the IHC showed that there was no change in the morphological brain composition in the NR and C groups. Conversely, in the CP, NB, and R groups, changes in the deposition of Anti Tau were observed. The NR group showed a normal projection of taurine in the axon, which was not presented in the same way in the other groups. The CD68 marker showed no microglial activation in the R and C groups. Quantitative analyses of Anti Beta-Amyloid in the NR group showed a statistical difference comparedto the CP, NB, and R groups, whereas the Anti Tau analysis showed a significant difference between the CP and NR groups. The CD68 marker showed a significant difference between the C and NR groups. The analysis of cytokines showed a significant difference in TNF-α between the C and CP groups, C and NB groups, CP and NR groups, and NB and NR groups. IL-6 and InF-δ showed no significant difference between all groups. IL-10 showed significant differences between the C and NR groups, C and R groups, and CP and NR groups. Conclusion: NR prevented the evolution of neuroinflammation

Sero-occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and vertical transmission in slaughtered beef cows (Bos indicus) Soro ocorrência de anticorpos contra Toxoplasma gondii e transmissão vertical em vacas de corte (Bos indicus) abatidas

Abstract Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite recognized as an important public health problem. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence of anti-T. gondii antibodies in pregnant and non pregnant zebus' breed beef cows (Bos indicus), their fetuses, killed at an abattoir in northern of Paraná state. In the present study 169 cows were evaluated, 92 pregnant (in different stages of gestation) and 77 non pregnant. Sero-occurrence of anti-T. gondii antibodies was performed by Indirect uorescent antibody test (IFAT) considering positive animals with titers ≥ 50 for cows and ≥ 25 for fetuses. Blood (with EDTA) from pregnant cows and blood and tissue samples (brain, lung, heart, and liver) from their fetuses were collected and used for mouse bioassay. Antibodies against T. gondii were observed in 26.0% of cows and 2.5% of fetuses. There was no statistical difference when prevalence of toxoplasmosis was compared between pregnant (23.9%), and non-pregnant (28.6%) animals, and age of gestation (p > 0.59). However, the occurrence of anti-T.gondii antibodies increased with age of animals (p=0.004). Mouse bioassay showed three fetuses positives (3.2%), however, none T. gondii strain was isolated. The present study showed that transplacental transmission of T. gondii naturally occurs in zebu beef cows from Brazil, however, in low rate (5.4%). The anti-T. gondii antibodies occurrence increase with the age of animals, which could be related to the fact that main transmission in cattle T. gondii is horizontal. Key words: Toxoplasmosis, zebu, vertical transmission Resumo Toxoplasma gondii é um protozoário reconhecido como um dos mais importantes parasitas em saúde pública. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a ocorrência de anticorpos contra T. gondii em vacas de corte zebuínas (Bos indicus) gestantes, e seus fetos, bem como, em vacas não gestantes abatidas em um matadouro no norte do Paraná. No presente estudo foram avaliadas 169 vacas, 92 prenhas (em diferentes fases de gestação) e 77 não prenhas. A ocorrência de anticorpos contra T. gondii foi realizada por meio da reação de imuno uorescência indireta (IFI) considerando animais positivos aqueles com títulos ≥ 50 para as vacas e ≥ 25 para os fetos. Sangue (EDTA) de vacas prenhas e amostras de sangue e tecidos (cérebro, pulmão, coração, e fígado) de seus fetos foram coletadas e utilizadas para o bioensaio em camundongos. Anticorpos contra T. gondii foram observados em 26,0% das vacas e em 2,5% dos fetos Não houve diferença quando a soropositividade de anticorpos foi comparado entre vacas gestantes (23,9%), e não gestantes (28,6%), bem como, a idade da gestação (p > 0,59). No entanto, a ocorrência de anticorpos aumentou com a idade dos animais (p = 0,004). O bioensaio mostrou três fetos positivos (3,2%), porém, nenhuma cepa foi isolada. O presente estudo mostrou que a transmissão transplacentária de T. gondii ocorre naturalmente em vacas de corte zebuínas do Brasil, no entanto, esta ocorrência foi baixa (5,4%). A maior ocorrência de anticorpos associada com a idade dos animais poderia estar relacionada a transmissão horizontal do T. gondii nestes animais

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants

Summary Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks

Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)

From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions