Les besoins de formation des éducateurs et infirmières utilisant le plan de services individualisé

Cette étude examine, à l'aide de la méthode élaborée par Herskowitz ( 1977), les besoins de formation de 42 intervenants (19 éducateurs et 23 infirmières) qui utilisent lorsque requis le plan de services individualisé pour la clientèle qui présente des troubles sévères et persistants de santé mentale. Une version adaptée d'un questionnaire développé par Hurteau (1988), et modifié pour un contexte de santé mentale, identifie les besoins de formation des intervenants utilisant le plan, sous cinq dimensions précises et trois types de savoirs particuliers. À la lumière des résultats, certains besoins de formation apparaissent prioritaires, notamment l'animation des rencontres et les modalités d'élaboration du plan de services individualisé. De plus, les intervenants aimeraient obtenir de la formation sur la communautarisation des services offerts aux personnes présentant des besoins en santé mentale.With the help of the method elaborated by Herskowitz (1977), this study examines the training needs of 42 workers (19 educators and 23 nurses) using when needed, the individualized services plan in a context of external services (deinstitutionalization) in mental health and internal services (hospital). A modified version of a questionnaire developed by Hurteau (1988) adapted to the context of mental health, identifies the training needs of workers using the individualized services plan under five specific dimensions and three types of knowledge. In the light of results obtained, certain training needs appear as top priority, especially conducting meetings and methods of elaboration of individualized services plan. Moreover, workers would like to obtain training on community-oriented services offered to people with needs in mental health

Développement d’une spatio-carte orientée vers la planification urbaine : résultats préliminaires

L'administration municipale nécessite le développement d'outils adaptés à la gestion de l'information urbaine. Dans un tel contexte, la télédétection est une nouvelle source d'information appelée à faciliter la planification urbaine. Le satellite SPOT avec une résolution spatiale de 10 m en mode panchromatique et de 20 m en mode multibande répond aux spécifications spatiales des études en aménagement urbain. Le but de cette recherche est de produire une spatio-carte en combinant des informations cartographiques aux données SPOT. La base du document est une image satellitaire améliorée radiométriquement et corrigée géométriquement à laquelle on superpose des informations géocodées. La démarche méthodologique utilisée pour la production d'une spatio-carte est présentée. On discute également de la pertinence d'un tel document dans la gestion municipale. La zone test est l'agglomération de Sherbrooke (Québec).Municipal administration requires the development of tools adapted to the management of urban information. In this context, remote sensing constitutes a new source of information useful in urban planning. The SPOT satellite, with a spatial resolution of 10 m in panchromatic mode and 20 m in multiband mode, meets the spatial specifications required in the context of urban planning studies. The objective of this research is to produce a spatial map by integrating cartographic information and SPOT data. The base of the document is a radiometrically and geometrically corrected satellite image to which geocoded data is integrated. The methodology used for the production of the spatial map is outlined. The relevance of such a document in the field of municipal management is discussed. The test site chosen for the study is the city of Sherbrooke (Québec)

Use of inert gas jets to measure the forces required for mechanical gene transfection

BACKGROUND: Transferring genes and drugs into cells is central to how we now study, identify and treat diseases. Several non-viral gene therapy methods that rely on the mechanical disruption of the plasma membrane have been proposed, but the success of these methods has been limited due to a lack of understanding of the mechanical parameters that lead to cell membrane permeability. METHODS: We use a simple jet of inert gas to induce local transfection of plasmid DNA both in vitro (HeLa cells) and in vivo (chicken chorioallantoic membrane). Five different capillary tube inner diameters and three different gases were used to treat the cells to understand the dependency of transfection efficiency on the dynamic parameters. RESULTS: The simple setup has the advantage of allowing us to calculate the forces acting on cells during transfection. We found permeabilization efficiency was related to the dynamic pressure of the jet. The range of dynamic pressures that led to transfection in HeLa cells was small (200 ± 20 Pa) above which cell stripping occurred. We determined that the temporary pores allow the passage of dextran up to 40 kDa and reclose in less than 5 seconds after treatment. The optimized parameters were also successfully tested in vivo using the chorioallantoic membrane of the chick embryo. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that the number of cells transfected with the plasmid scales with the dynamic pressure of the jet. Our results show that mechanical methods have a very small window in which cells are permeabilized without injury (200 to 290 Pa). This simple apparatus helps define the forces needed for physical cell transfection methods

Revisiting Crohn's disease as a primary immunodeficiency of macrophages

Despite two decades of mouse immunology and human genetics studies, the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) remains elusive. New clinical investigations suggest that CD may be caused by inborn errors of macrophages. These errors may result in impaired attraction of granulocytes to the gut wall, causing impaired clearance of intruding bacteria, thereby precipitating the formation of granulomas. This theory paves the way for a macrophage-based Mendelian genetic dissection of CD

Le Forum, Vol. 41 No. 4

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/francoamericain_forum/1093/thumbnail.jp

Predicting September Arctic Sea Ice: A Multi-Model Seasonal Skill Comparison

Abstract This study quantifies the state-of-the-art in the rapidly growing field of seasonal Arctic sea ice prediction. A novel multi-model dataset of retrospective seasonal predictions of September Arctic sea ice is created and analyzed, consisting of community contributions from 17 statistical models and 17 dynamical models. Prediction skill is compared over the period 2001–2020 for predictions of Pan-Arctic sea ice extent (SIE), regional SIE, and local sea ice concentration (SIC) initialized on June 1, July 1, August 1, and September 1. This diverse set of statistical and dynamical models can individually predict linearly detrended Pan-Arctic SIE anomalies with skill, and a multi-model median prediction has correlation coefficients of 0.79, 0.86, 0.92, and 0.99 at these respective initialization times. Regional SIE predictions have similar skill to Pan-Arctic predictions in the Alaskan and Siberian regions, whereas regional skill is lower in the Canadian, Atlantic, and Central Arctic sectors. The skill of dynamical and statistical models is generally comparable for Pan-Arctic SIE, whereas dynamical models outperform their statistical counterparts for regional and local predictions. The prediction systems are found to provide the most value added relative to basic reference forecasts in the extreme SIE years of 1996, 2007, and 2012. SIE prediction errors do not show clear trends over time, suggesting that there has been minimal change in inherent sea ice predictability over the satellite era. Overall, this study demonstrates that there are bright prospects for skillful operational predictions of September sea ice at least three months in advance.</jats:p

Multi-Platform Next-Generation Sequencing of the Domestic Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo): Genome Assembly and Analysis

The combined application of next-generation sequencing platforms has provided an economical approach to unlocking the potential of the turkey genome

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