Efectos económicos de la pandemia de covid 19 y desarrollo de las asociaciones productivas rurales de Los Ríos

The development of rural productive associations in Los Ríos is precarious and faces the budget cuts to the Decentralized Autonomous Government of the province adopted to face the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic. The level of dependence on the financial support they require from the Provincial GAD for their activities and their economic capacities was qualitatively studied. Rural productive associations emerged as an alternative for the peasant sector, seeking to improve efficiency and effectiveness in resource management, increase productivity, and reduce poverty. The data analysis was carried out through a Chi-square test; The results showed that the rural productive associations are economically dependent on the contribution of the GAD Los Ríos, which indicates a stagnation in their development as organizations and little capacity for self-determination.El desarrollo de las asociaciones productivas rurales de Los Ríos, es precario y enfrenta los recortes presupuestarios al Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado de la provincia adoptados para enfrentar los efectos de la pandemia de Covid-19. Se estudiaron cualitativamente el nivel de dependencia respecto del apoyo financiero que requieren del GAD Provincial para sus actividades y sus capacidades económicas. Las asociaciones productivas rurales surgieron como una alternativa para el sector campesino, buscando mejorar la eficiencia y eficacia en el manejo de los recursos, elevar la productividad y disminuir la pobreza. El análisis de los datos se efectuó a través de una prueba de Chi-cuadrado; los resultados mostraron que las asociaciones productivas rurales son dependientes económicamente del aporte del GAD Los Ríos lo que indica un estancamiento de su desarrollo como organizaciones y escasa capacidad de autodeterminarse

REVALORIZACIÓN DE SABERES Y PRODUCTOS ANCESTRALES: USO DE ACEITE DE SACHA INCHI

El presente artículo surge de una investigación de grado en la carrera Licenciatura en Gastronomía y   trata acerca de la utilización del aceite de Sacha Inchi, (Plukenetia volubilis L.) en aderezos sustituyendo al tradicional aceite de oliva extra virgen. El Sacha Inchi o maní del inca es un grano oleaginoso ancestral, cultivado desde épocas antiguas en Perú, Bolivia. Ecuador y otros países andinos en preparaciones   en las que tradicionalmente se ha utilizado el aceite de oliva extra virgen. Este aceite contiene porcentajes superiores de Omega 3,6 y 9 factor que lo convierte en un valioso aporte nutricional que pese a su alto valor, se utiliza  sobre  todo en cosmética y medicina y en menor medida en culinaria. En momentos actuales, en que las tendencias de alimentación se orientan hacia  comidas sanas  que ayuden a prevenir enfermedades, los aderezos con aceite de Sacha Inchi ofrecen   interesantes oportunidades de convertirse en un emprendimiento

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Plan gallego de hospitalización a domicilio. Estrategia HADO 2019-2023

Documento estratéxico que pretende potenciar e consolidar a hospitalización a domicilio como un modelo asistencial do Servizo Galego de Saúde e garantir o seu desenvolvemento nos próximos seis anos, establecendo criterios homoxéneos de atención coa finalidade de normalizar os modelos asistenciais, carteira de servizos e fluxos de traballo para asegurar una asistencia sanitaria de calidadeDocumento estratégico que pretende potenciar y consolidar la hospitalización a domicilio como un modelo asistencial del Servicio Gallego de Salud y garantizar su desarrollo en los próximos seis años, estableciendo criterios homogéneos de atención con la finalidad de normalizar los modelos asistenciales, cartera de servicios y flujos de trabajo para asegurar una asistencia sanitaria de calida

75 años como referente de la investigación agraria y medioambiental española en condiciones de clima mediterráneo [Sitio Web]

1 .pdf con imagen de acceso al “website”, su url y los créditos relacionados con su creación y diseño.-- Créditos: Organización, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (EEAD-CSIC); Dirección, Jesús Val Falcón; Coordinación, Ana Álvarez-Fernandez, Jorge Álvaro-Fuentes, Ernesto Igartua; Contenido, Anunciación Abadía, Javier Abadía, Carlos Albiñana, Miguel Alfonso, Arancha Arbeloa, Raúl Arbués, Isabel Armillas, Manuel Becana, Santiago Beguería, Carmen Castañeda, Ana Castillo, José Cavero, Bruno Contreras, Azahara Díaz, Edgar García, Elena García, Juan Manuel Gascuñana, Leticia Gaspar, Yolanda Gogorcena, Juan Herrero, Victoria Lafuente, María Victoria López, Juan Antonio Marín, José Martínez, José Carlos Martínez-Giménez, Ana Pilar Mata, Manuel Matamoros, Pierre Mignard, María Ángeles Moreno, Paula Murillo, Ana Navas, Antonio Pérez, Rafael Picorel, María Pilar Vallés, Irene Villar, Inmaculada Yruela, Nery Zapata, Isabel Zarazaga; Diseño y programación: DigitalWorks (Juanjo Ascaso y Asun Dieste); Vídeo, Delegación del CSIC en Aragón (Sara Gutiérrez y Yolanda Hernáiz); Fotografía, Archivo EEAD-CSIC, Anunciación Abadía, Jorge Álvaro-Fuentes, Arancha Arbeloa, Juanjo Ascaso, Santiago Beguería, Elena García, Ernesto Igartua, Ignasi Iglesias, José Manuel Lasa, José Carlos Martínez-Giménez, Pierre Mignard, María Ángeles Moreno, Rubén Sancho, Kosana Suvocarev, María Pilar Vallés, Nery Zapata."Sitio web" de nueva creación y conmemorativo del 75 Aniversario de la EEAD-CSIC que contiene: 1) Foto esférica de su personal en activo; 2) Recopilación de sus hitos históricos más destacados, en orden cronológico; 3) Un vídeo con participación de su personal y muestra de algunas de sus instalaciones; 4) Un mapa con la distribución geográfica de los egresado del Instituto; 5) Algunas fotos, destacando las tomadas a su personal en las celebraciones del 25 y 50 Aniversarios de la EEAD-CSIC.Presentado durante la "Jornada. 75 Aniversario EEAD-CSIC (Zaragoza, Patio de la Infanta. 30 octubre 2019)".Financiación: CSIC, Vicepresidencia Adjunta de Organización y Cultura Científica.N

Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to &lt;90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], &gt;300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of &lt;15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P&lt;0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P&lt;0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years

Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants

Summary Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks

Repositioning of the global epicentre of non-optimal cholesterol

High blood cholesterol is typically considered a feature of wealthy western countries(1,2). However, dietary and behavioural determinants of blood cholesterol are changing rapidly throughout the world(3) and countries are using lipid-lowering medications at varying rates. These changes can have distinct effects on the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol, which have different effects on human health(4,5). However, the trends of HDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels over time have not been previously reported in a global analysis. Here we pooled 1,127 population-based studies that measured blood lipids in 102.6 million individuals aged 18 years and older to estimate trends from 1980 to 2018 in mean total, non-HDL and HDL cholesterol levels for 200 countries. Globally, there was little change in total or non-HDL cholesterol from 1980 to 2018. This was a net effect of increases in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreases in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe. As a result, countries with the highest level of non-HDL cholesterol-which is a marker of cardiovascular riskchanged from those in western Europe such as Belgium, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and Malta in 1980 to those in Asia and the Pacific, such as Tokelau, Malaysia, The Philippines and Thailand. In 2017, high non-HDL cholesterol was responsible for an estimated 3.9 million (95% credible interval 3.7 million-4.2 million) worldwide deaths, half of which occurred in east, southeast and south Asia. The global repositioning of lipid-related risk, with non-optimal cholesterol shifting from a distinct feature of high-income countries in northwestern Europe, north America and Australasia to one that affects countries in east and southeast Asia and Oceania should motivate the use of population-based policies and personal interventions to improve nutrition and enhance access to treatment throughout the world.Peer reviewe

Measurement of the top quark forward-backward production asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Abstract The parton-level top quark (t) forward-backward asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric (d̂ t) and chromomagnetic (μ̂ t) moments have been measured using LHC pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in the CMS detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The linearized variable AFB(1) is used to approximate the asymmetry. Candidate t t ¯ events decaying to a muon or electron and jets in final states with low and high Lorentz boosts are selected and reconstructed using a fit of the kinematic distributions of the decay products to those expected for t t ¯ final states. The values found for the parameters are AFB(1)=0.048−0.087+0.095(stat)−0.029+0.020(syst),μ̂t=−0.024−0.009+0.013(stat)−0.011+0.016(syst), and a limit is placed on the magnitude of | d̂ t| &lt; 0.03 at 95% confidence level. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

MUSiC : a model-unspecific search for new physics in proton-proton collisions at root s=13TeV

Results of the Model Unspecific Search in CMS (MUSiC), using proton-proton collision data recorded at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1), are presented. The MUSiC analysis searches for anomalies that could be signatures of physics beyond the standard model. The analysis is based on the comparison of observed data with the standard model prediction, as determined from simulation, in several hundred final states and multiple kinematic distributions. Events containing at least one electron or muon are classified based on their final state topology, and an automated search algorithm surveys the observed data for deviations from the prediction. The sensitivity of the search is validated using multiple methods. No significant deviations from the predictions have been observed. For a wide range of final state topologies, agreement is found between the data and the standard model simulation. This analysis complements dedicated search analyses by significantly expanding the range of final states covered using a model independent approach with the largest data set to date to probe phase space regions beyond the reach of previous general searches.Peer reviewe