NPH3- and PGP-like genes are exclusively expressed in the apical tip region essential for blue-light perception and lateral auxin transport in maize coleoptiles

Phototropic curvature results from differential growth on two sides of the elongating shoot, which is explained by asymmetrical indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) distribution. Using 2 cm maize coleoptile segments, 1st positive phototropic curvature was confirmed here after 8 s irradiation with unilateral blue light (0.33 μmol m−2 s−1). IAA was redistributed asymmetrically by approximately 20 min after photo-stimulation. This asymmetric distribution was initiated in the top 0–3 mm region and was then transmitted to lower regions. Application of the IAA transport inhibitor, 1-N-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA), to the top 2 mm region completely inhibited phototropic curvature, even when auxin was simultaneously applied below the NPA-treated zone. Thus, lateral IAA movement occurred only within the top 0–3 mm region after photo-stimulation. Localized irradiation experiments indicated that the photo-stimulus was perceived in the apical 2 mm region. The results suggest that this region harbours key components responsible for photo-sensing and lateral IAA transport. In the present study, it was found that the NPH3- and PGP-like genes were exclusively expressed in the 0–2 mm region of the tip, whereas PHOT1 and ZmPIN1a, b, and c were expressed relatively evenly along the coleoptile, and ZmAUX1, ZMK1, and ZmSAURE2 were strongly expressed in the elongation zone. These results suggest that the NPH3-like and PGP-like gene products have a key role in photo-signal transduction and regulation of the direction of auxin transport after blue light perception by phot1 at the very tip region of maize coleoptiles

withdrawn 2017 hrs ehra ecas aphrs solaece expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation

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A Custom-Made Surgical Guide for Accurate Enucleation of Nasopalatine Duct Cysts: A Technical Note and Case Report

Nasopalatine cysts are common nonodontogenic cysts that occur in the maxilla. During the nucleation of large cysts extending to the floor of the nasal cavity, care must be taken to avoid damage to the nasal mucosa. In the present report, an innovative custom-made surgical guide made by a Three-dimensional printer is introduced for accurate enucleation surgery. The patient’s cone-beam computerized tomography and dental model scan data were obtained, and a tooth-supported type of surgical guide was designed containing a circular plate structure showing the size of the cystic region, an indicator that showed the position of the bottom of the cyst, and a sliding stopper that was used to accurately indicate the position of the deepest cyst wall. The surgical tool enabled us to indicate the accurate size, location of the cysts, and approach direction. Although effective and accurate navigation systems have become increasingly available, the cost-effective and accurate computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing surgical guide system introduced in the present report could support the safe enucleation of large nasopalatine duct cysts

Inhibition of transient receptor potential cation channel 6 promotes capillary arterialization during post-ischaemic blood flow recovery

Abstract: Background and Purpose: Capillary arterialization, characterized by the coverage of pre-existing or nascent capillary vessels with vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), is critical for the development of collateral arterioles to improve post-ischaemic blood flow. We previously demonstrated that the inhibition of transient receptor potential 6 subfamily C, member 6 (TRPC6) channels facilitate contractile differentiation of VSMCs under ischaemic stress. We here investigated whether TRPC6 inhibition promotes post-ischaemic blood flow recovery through capillary arterialization in vivo. Experimental Approach: Mice were subjected to hindlimb ischaemia by ligating left femoral artery. The recovery rate of peripheral blood flow was calculated by the ratio of ischaemic left leg to non-ischaemic right one. The number and diameter of blood vessels were analysed by immunohistochemistry. Expression and phosphorylation levels of TRPC6 proteins were determined by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Key Results: Although the post-ischaemic blood flow recovery is reportedly dependent on endothelium-dependent relaxing factors, systemic TRPC6 deletion significantly promoted blood flow recovery under the condition that nitric oxide or prostacyclin production were inhibited, accompanying capillary arterialization. Cilostazol, a clinically approved drug for peripheral arterial disease, facilitates blood flow recovery by inactivating TRPC6 via phosphorylation at Thr69 in VSMCs. Furthermore, inhibition of TRPC6 channel activity by pyrazole-2 (Pyr2; BTP2; YM-58483) promoted post-ischaemic blood flow recovery in Apolipoprotein E-knockout mice. Conclusion and Implications: Suppression of TRPC6 channel activity in VSMCs could be a new strategy for the improvement of post-ischaemic peripheral blood circulation

Validation and factor structure of the Japanese version of the inventory to diagnose depression, lifetime version for pregnant women.

IntroductionA history of major depressive disorder before pregnancy is one risk factor for peripartum depression. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine the validation and factor structure of the Japanese version of the Inventory to Diagnose Depression, Lifetime version (IDDL) for pregnant women.MethodsThe study participants were 556 pregnant women. Factor analysis was performed to identify the factor structure, construct validity was examined based on the results of the factor analysis, and reliability was examined using Cronbach's α coefficient.ResultsBased on the results of the factor analysis of the IDDL, a bifactor model composed of a single general dimension along with the following five factors was extracted: (1) depression, anxiety, and irritability (items 1, 2, 8-10, and 19-21); (2) retardation, decreased concentration, indecisiveness, and insomnia (items 4, 11, 12, and 17); (3) decrease in appetite/significant weight loss (items 13 and 14); (4) increase in appetite/significant weight gain (items 15 and 16); and (5) diminished interest, pleasure, and libido (items 5-7). Cronbach's α coefficients for these five factors were as follows: 0.910, 0.815, 0.780, 0.683, and 0.803, respectively.ConclusionsThe reliability, construct validity, and factor structure of the Japanese version of the IDDL were confirmed in pregnant women

Japon

Ce numéro de Perspective entend rendre compte de la richesse des études et des travaux que suscitent la création artistique et le patrimoine japonais. Loin de toute approche endogène ou essentialiste, il s’agit de considérer la thématique au-delà des frontières géographiques de l’archipel et de l’envisager à l’aune des dynamiques d’interactions économiques, culturelles et artistiques entretenues avec le reste du monde, les récits et les imaginaires qu’elle a nourris. La revue fait ainsi état de l’actualité de la discipline de l’histoire de l’art au Japon en proposant des grands débats portant sur les Jōmon, la question de la restauration des monuments historiques, ou encore sur les îles musées et les triennales d’art contemporain. Fidèle à sa ligne éditoriale, la revue ouvre ses pages à des contributions couvrant l’ensemble du spectre chronologique, traitant tant des cosmologies bouddhiques à l’époque médiévale, que de la construction de l’historiographie des avant-gardes, en passant par le renouveau des études sur la peinture populaire et les estampes érotiques, le marché de l’art, ou encore le jardin comme objet de déconstruction des stéréotypes de la culture japonaise. Ce numéro est en vente sur le site du Comptoir des presses d'universités. Comité de rédaction du volume Claire-Akiko Brisset, Hélène Bayou, Philippe Bonnin, Jean-Michel Butel, Mathieu Capel, Jean-Sébastien Cluzel, Michael Lucken, Matthew McKelway, Christophe Marquet, Christian Merlhiot, Manuela Moscatiello, Laurent Nespoulous, Sylviane Pagès, Mary Picone, Julien Rousseau, Cécile Sakai, Marie-Anne Sarda, Veerle Thielemans, Clélia Zerni