NMDAR2B tyrosine phosphorylation regulates anxiety-like behavior and CRF expression in the amygdala

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Anxiety disorders are a highly prevalent and disabling class of psychiatric disorders. There is growing evidence implicating the glutamate system in the pathophysiology and treatment of anxiety disorders, though the molecular mechanism by which the glutamate system regulates anxiety-like behavior remains unclear.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this study, we provide evidence suggesting that tyrosine phosphorylation of the NMDA receptor, an ionotropic glutamate receptor, contributes to anxiety-like behavior. The GluN2B subunit of the NMDA receptor is tyrosine-phosphorylated: Tyr-1472 is the major phosphorylation site. Homozygous knock-in mice that express a Tyr-1472-Phe mutant of GluN2B, which prevents phosphorylation of this site, show enhanced anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus-maze test. Expression of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), which is important for the regulation of anxiety-like behavior, is increased in the amygdala of the knock-in mice. Furthermore, injection of CRF receptor antagonist attenuated the enhanced anxiety-like behavior of the knock-in mice. We also show that elevated plus-maze exposure simultaneously induced de-phosphorylation of Tyr-1472 and increased CRF expression.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These data suggest that Tyr-1472 phosphorylation on GluN2B is important for anxiety-like behavior by negative regulation of CRF expression in the amygdala.</p

ブレンディッドラーニングを用いた基礎看護技術の授業を試みて : ベッドメイキングの単元を事例として

本報告は平成29年度の基礎看護技術論における新しい授業方法を試みた総括である。基礎看護学領域では、本学に導入されているICT (information and communication technology : 情報通信技術)システムを「基礎看護技術論」「日常生活援助技術論」「医療支援技術論」の教授・学習方略に活用している。基礎看護技術論ではブレンディッドラーニングとしてe ラーニングと「従来の対面式授業、一斉演習、演習時の同期型動画視聴」を組み合わせた授業を実施した。基礎看護技術論の「ベッドメイキング」の単元では、学生自身のベッドメイキング動画をweb上のフォルダに提出させる方法の技術試験を今回初めて導入した。今回ブレンディッドラーニングを導入し、動画提出による技術試験を実施したことで、「予習－講義－復習－演習－自己練習」の習得サイクルによる学習に導くことができたと考える。今後は、この習得サイクルによる学習を継続して学生自身が実践できるような働きかけが必要である

修士論文要旨 : H. 教育コミュニケーション情報科学研究領域

departmental bulletin pape

2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: executive summary.

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2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: executive summary.

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withdrawn 2017 hrs ehra ecas aphrs solaece expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation

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A Five-year Review of Patients Admitted with the Diagnosis of Bacterial Endophthalmitis

We conducted a retrospective, hospital-based study of patients who were diagnosed with bacterial endophthalmitis on admission to the Department of Ophthalmology, Hiroshima University Hospital, between January 1999 and December 2003. Thirty eyes of 30 patients were identified. Of these patients, 19 eyes had postoperative endophthalmitis, 8 eyes had penetrating trauma and 3 eyes were infected from an endogenous source. All of the patients underwent immediate three-port pars plana vitrectomy. Vitreous specimens of diabetic patients demonstrated a significantly higher incidence of positive bacterial culture. Diabetic vitreous appeared to be a good medium for culture. Visual acuity of hand motion or less at the latest follow-up visit was associated with the presence of diabetes. Prompt treatment with vitrectomy and intravitreal antibiotics is crucial for patients with bacterial endophthalmitis, especially if they are diabetic

Feasibility of an Ultrasound-Based Method for Measuring Talar Displacement during the Anterior Drawer Stress Test Using a Telos Device : A Preliminary Study

This study was conducted to measured talar displacement using ultrasound during an anterior drawer test (ADT) with a Telos device. Five adults (3 men and 2 women; 8 ankles; mean age: 23.2 y) with a history of ankle sprain and eight adults (5 men and 3 women; 16 ankles; mean age: 22.1 y) without a history of ankle sprain were recruited into a history of ankle sprain (HAS) and a control group, respectively. Talar displacement was observed in response to load forces applied by a Telos device during the ultrasound stress imaging test. The ultrasound probe was placed 5 mm inside from the center of the Achilles tendon on the posterior ankle along the direction of the major axis. The inter-rater reliability for the present method was classified as good and excellent (ICC(2,2) = 0.858 and 0.957 at 120 N and 150 N, respectively) in the control group and excellent (ICC(2,2) = 0.940 and 0.905 at 120 N and 150 N, respectively) in the HAS group, according to specific intraclass correlation coefficient values. We found that talar displacement during the ADT was lower in the HAS group than in the control group. Analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curve revealed that the quantitative ultrasound-based ADT using a Telos device was superior to the X-ray-based test in detecting reduced ankle joint mobility during the ADT (area under the curve of 0.905 and 0.726 at a force of 150 N using ultrasound-based and X-ray-based tests, respectively). Further investigation is needed; nevertheless, this preliminary study suggests that the ultrasound-based quantitative ADT using a Telos device might detect talar displacement more sensitively than the conventional stress X-ray

Association Between Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral Bone Disease (CKD-MBD) and Cognition in Children: Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study.

Rationale &amp; objectiveChronic kidney disease (CKD) in children is associated with cognitive dysfunction that affects school performance and quality of life. The relationship between CKD-mineral and bone disorder and cognitive function in children is unknown.Study designObservational study.Participants702 children enrolled in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study.PredictorsPlasma fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphorus, 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]2D).OutcomesNeurocognitive tests of intelligence, academic achievement, and executive functions.Analytical approachLinear regression models to analyze the cross-sectional associations between log2FGF-23, 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)2D, PTH, calcium, and phosphorus z scores and the cognitive test scores of interest after adjustment for demographics, blood pressure, proteinuria, and kidney function.ResultsAt baseline, median age was 12 (95% CI, 8.3, 15.2) years and estimated glomerular filtration rate was 54 (40.5, 67.8) mL/min/1.73&nbsp;m2. In fully adjusted analyses, 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)2D, PTH, calcium, and phosphorus z scores did not associate with cognitive test scores. In fully adjusted analyses, log2FGF-23 was associated with abnormal test scores for attention regulation (P&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.05); specifically, Conners' Continuous Performance Test II Errors of Omission (β&nbsp;=&nbsp;2.3&nbsp;[1.0, 3.6]), Variability (β=1.4 [0.4,&nbsp;-2.4]), and Hit Reaction Time (β&nbsp;=&nbsp;1.3&nbsp;[0.2, 2.4]). Children in the highest FGF-23 tertile group had 7% and 9% greater cognitive risk for&nbsp;Hit Reaction Time and Errors of Omission compared with those in the lowest tertile, respectively. In fully adjusted analyses, higher FGF-23 tertile was associated with increased cognitive risk (P&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.05) for Errors of Omission (β&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.4&nbsp;[0.1,&nbsp;0.7]) and Hit Reaction Time (β&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.4&nbsp;[0.1, 0.7]).LimitationsThe study does not assess the cumulative&nbsp;effects of FGF-23 excess on cognitive function over time. Within-population stratified analyses were not performed due to limited sample size.ConclusionsIn children with CKD, higher plasma FGF-23 level is associated with lower performance in targeted tests of executive function, specifically attention regulation, independent of glomerular filtration rate

Association Between Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral Bone Disease (CKD-MBD) and Cognition in Children: Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study.

Rationale &amp; objectiveChronic kidney disease (CKD) in children is associated with cognitive dysfunction that affects school performance and quality of life. The relationship between CKD-mineral and bone disorder and cognitive function in children is unknown.Study designObservational study.Participants702 children enrolled in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study.PredictorsPlasma fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphorus, 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]2D).OutcomesNeurocognitive tests of intelligence, academic achievement, and executive functions.Analytical approachLinear regression models to analyze the cross-sectional associations between log2FGF-23, 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)2D, PTH, calcium, and phosphorus z scores and the cognitive test scores of interest after adjustment for demographics, blood pressure, proteinuria, and kidney function.ResultsAt baseline, median age was 12 (95% CI, 8.3, 15.2) years and estimated glomerular filtration rate was 54 (40.5, 67.8) mL/min/1.73&nbsp;m2. In fully adjusted analyses, 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)2D, PTH, calcium, and phosphorus z scores did not associate with cognitive test scores. In fully adjusted analyses, log2FGF-23 was associated with abnormal test scores for attention regulation (P&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.05); specifically, Conners' Continuous Performance Test II Errors of Omission (β&nbsp;=&nbsp;2.3&nbsp;[1.0, 3.6]), Variability (β=1.4 [0.4,&nbsp;-2.4]), and Hit Reaction Time (β&nbsp;=&nbsp;1.3&nbsp;[0.2, 2.4]). Children in the highest FGF-23 tertile group had 7% and 9% greater cognitive risk for&nbsp;Hit Reaction Time and Errors of Omission compared with those in the lowest tertile, respectively. In fully adjusted analyses, higher FGF-23 tertile was associated with increased cognitive risk (P&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.05) for Errors of Omission (β&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.4&nbsp;[0.1,&nbsp;0.7]) and Hit Reaction Time (β&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.4&nbsp;[0.1, 0.7]).LimitationsThe study does not assess the cumulative&nbsp;effects of FGF-23 excess on cognitive function over time. Within-population stratified analyses were not performed due to limited sample size.ConclusionsIn children with CKD, higher plasma FGF-23 level is associated with lower performance in targeted tests of executive function, specifically attention regulation, independent of glomerular filtration rate