The mitochondrial genome of Ifremeria nautilei and the phylogenetic position of the enigmatic deep-sea Abyssochrysoidea (Mollusca: Gastropoda)

The complete nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial (mt) genome of the deep-sea vent snail Ifremeria nautilei (Gastropoda: Abyssochrysoidea) was determined. The double stranded circular molecule is 15,664 pb in length and encodes for the typical 37 metazoan mitochondrial genes. The gene arrangement of the Ifremeria mt genome is most similar to genome organization of caenogastropods and differs only on the relative position of the trnW gene. The deduced amino acid sequences of the mt protein coding genes of Ifremeria mt genome were aligned with orthologous sequences from representatives of the main lineages of gastropods and phylogenetic relationships were inferred. The reconstructed phylogeny supports that Ifremeria belongs to Caenogastropoda and that it is closely related to hypsogastropod superfamilies. Results were compared with a reconstructed nuclear-based phylogeny. Moreover, a relaxed molecular-clock timetree calibrated with fossils dated the divergence of Abyssochrysoidea in the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous indicating a relatively modern colonization of deep-sea environments by these snails. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (CGL2007-60954 and CGL2010-18216 to RZ; BES-2008-009562 to DO).Peer Reviewe

Avances en el catálogo mitogenómico de Mollusca: Estructura génica y relaciones filogenéticas de Caenogastropoda

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología. Fecha de lectura 20-11-201

Hiding in Fouling Communities: A Native Spider Crab Decorating with a Cryptogenic Bryozoan in a Mediterranean Marina

Camouflage is the method by which animals conceal by blending in with the environment, and may be achieved by fixed or changing color, shape, texture, chemical secretions, and/or behavior [...

Insights into the role of deep-sea squids of the genus Histioteuthis (Histioteuthidae) in the life cycle of ascaridoid parasites in the Central Mediterranean Sea waters

Ascaridoid nematodes comprise a wide range of heteroxenous parasites infecting top fish predators and marine mammals as definitive hosts, with crustaceans, squids, and fishes acting as intermediate/paratenic hosts. Limited data exist on the species and role of several intermediate and paratenic hosts in the life cycle of these parasites. In the aim of adding knowledge on the role of squid species in their life cycle, we have here investigated the larval ascaridoid nematodes collected from the deep-sea umbrella squid Histioteuthis bonnelli and the reverse jewel squid Histioteuthis reversa captured in the Central Mediterranean Sea (Tyrrhenian Sea). Morphological study and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 (mtDNA cox2) gene locus revealed the occurrence of Anisakis physeteris and of an unidentified species of the genus Lappetascaris. Sequence analysis revealed that specimens of Lappetascaris from both squid species matched at 100% sequences previously deposited in GenBank from larval ascaridoids collected in octopuses of the genus Eledone of the Mediterranean Sea. The Bayesian inference tree topology obtained from the analysis of the fragments amplified showed that Lappetascaris specimens were included in a major clade comprising Hysterothylacium species collected in fishes of the families Xiphiidae and Istiophoridae. As regards the site of infection in the squid host species, A. physeteris larvae predominated (60.7%) in the gonads, while those of Lappetascaris (76.3%) were found infecting the mantle musculature. The overall high values of parasitic load suggest both squid species as transmitting hosts of third stage larvae of Lappetascaris to top predator fishes, as well as the umbrella squid as an intermediate/paratenic host in the life cycle of A. physeteris in the Mediterranean Sea

Markov Models for Economic Evaluation in Osteoporosis Treatment

[EN] Osteoporosis is frequent in elderly people, causing bone fractures and lowering their quality of life. The costs incurred by these fractures constitute a problem for public health. Markov chains were used to carry out an incremental cost-utility analysis of the four main drugs used in Spain to treat osteoporosis (alendronate, risedronate, denosumab and teriparatide). We considered 14 clinical transition states, from starting osteoporotic treatment at the age of 50 until death or the age of 100. Cost-effectiveness was measured by quality adjusted life years (QALYs). The values used in the Markov model were obtained from the literature. Teriparatide is the cost-effective alternative in the treatment of osteoporosis in patients with fractures from the age of 50, establishing a payment threshold of 20,000 EUR/QALY. However, it is the most expensive therapy, not appearing cost-effective in cases that do not present fracture and in ages over 80 years with fracture. Alendronate and denosumab therapies are presented as cost-effective osteoporosis treatment alternatives depending on the age of onset and duration of treatment. From the perspective of cost-effectiveness, establishing a payment threshold of 20,000 EUR/QALY, teriparatide is the cost-effective alternative in patients with fracture from the age of 50 to 70 years old in Spain.Osca Guadalajara, M.; Díaz-Carnicero, J.; González-De Julián, S.; Vivas-Consuelo, D. (2021). Markov Models for Economic Evaluation in Osteoporosis Treatment. Mathematics. 9(18):1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/math9182331S12091

CD200 genotype is associated with clinical outcome of patients with multiple myeloma

Immune dysfunction in patients with MM affects both the innate and adaptive immune system. Molecules involved in the immune response pathways are essential to determine the ability of cancer cells to escape from the immune system surveillance. However, few data are available concerning the role of immune checkpoint molecules in predicting the myeloma control and immunological scape as mechanism of disease progression. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical impact of the CD200 genotype (rs1131199 and rs2272022) in 291 patients with newly diagnosed MM. Patients with a CD200 rs1131199 GG genotype showed a median overall survival (OS) significantly lower than those with CC+CG genotype (67.8 months versus 94.4 months respectively; p: 0.022) maintaining significance in the multivariate analysis. This effect was specially detected in patients not receiving an autologous stem cell transplant (auto-SCT) (p < 0.001). In these patients the rs1131199 GG genotype negatively influenced in the mortality not related with the progression of MM (p: 0.02) mainly due to infections events

Genetic variants of CTLA4 are associated with clinical outcome of patients with multiple myeloma

Immune dysfunction in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) affects both the innate and adaptive immune system. Molecules involved in the immune checkpoint pathways are essential to determine the ability of cancer cells to escape from the immune system surveillance. However, few data are available concerning the role of these molecules in predicting the kinetics of progression of MM. We retrospectively analysed polymorphisms of CTLA4 (rs231775 and rs733618), BTLA (rs9288953), CD28 (rs3116496), PD-1 (rs36084323 and rs11568821) and LAG-3 (rs870849) genes in 239 patients with newly diagnosed MM. Patients with a CTLA4 rs231775 AA/AG genotype showed a median progression-free survival (PFS) significantly lower than those with GG genotype (32.3 months versus 96.8 months respectively; p: 0.008). The 5-year PFS rate was 25% for patients with grouped AA and AG genotype vs 55.4% for patients with GG genotype. Multivariate analysis confirmed the CTLA4 rs231775 genotype as an independent risk factor for PFS (Hazard Ratio (HR): 2.05; 95% CI: 1.0-6.2; p: 0.047). Our results suggest that the CTLA4 genotype may identify patients with earlier progression of MM. This polymorphism could potentially be used as a prognostic biomarker

Measurement of health-related quality by multimorbidity groups in primary health care

[EN] Background: Increased life expectancy in Western societies does not necessarily mean better quality of life. To improve resources management, management systems have been set up in health systems to stratify patients according to morbidity, such as Clinical Risk Groups (CRG). The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of multimorbidity on health-related quality of life (HRQL) in primary care. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study, based on a representative random sample (n = 306) of adults from a health district (N = 32,667) in east Spain (Valencian Community), was conducted in 2013. Multimorbidity was measured by stratifying the population with the CRG system into nine mean health statuses (MHS). HRQL was assessed by EQ-5D dimensions and the EQ Visual Analogue Scale (EQ VAS). The effect of the CRG system, age and gender on the utility value and VAS was analysed by multiple linear regression. A predictive analysis was run by binary logistic regression with all the sample groups classified according to the CRG system into the five HRQL dimensions by taking the ¿healthy¿ group as a reference. Multivariate logistic regression studied the joint influence of the nine CRG system MHS, age and gender on the five EQ-5D dimensions. Results: Of the 306 subjects, 165 were female (mean age of 53). The most affected dimension was pain/discomfort (53%), followed by anxiety/depression (42%). The EQ-5D utility value and EQ VAS progressively lowered for the MHS with higher morbidity, except for MHS 6, more affected in the five dimensions, save self-care, which exceeded MHS 7 patients who were older, and MHS 8 and 9 patients, whose condition was more serious. The CRG system alone was the variable that best explained health problems in HRQL with 17%, which rose to 21% when associated with female gender. Age explained only 4%. Conclusions: This work demonstrates that the multimorbidity groups obtained by the CRG classification system can be used as an overall indicator of HRQL. These utility values can be employed for health policy decisions based on cost-effectiveness to estimate incremental quality-adjusted life years (QALY) with routinely e-health data. Patients under 65 years with multimorbidity perceived worse HRQL than older patients or disease severity. Knowledge of multimorbidity with a stronger impact can help primary healthcare doctors to pay attention to these population groups.The authors would like to thank the Conselleria de Sanitat Universal i Sanitat Pública of the Generalitat Valenciana (the Regional Valencian Health Government) for providing the study data. We would also like to thank Helen Warbuton for editing the English.Milá-Perseguer, M.; Guadalajara Olmeda, MN.; Vivas-Consuelo, D.; Usó-Talamantes, R. (2019). 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Multimorbidity care model: recommendations from the consensus meeting of the joint action on chronic diseases and promoting healthy ageing across the life cycle (JA-CHRODIS). Health Policy. 2018;122(1):4–11.WHO: Innovative Care for Chronic Conditions. Building blocks for action. In.: WHO; 2014.Fortin M, Bravo G, Hudon C, Vanasse A, Lapointe L. Prevalence of multimorbidity among adults seen in family practice. Ann Fam Med. 2005;3(3):223–8.Inoriza JM, Coderch J, Carreras M, Vall-Llosera L, Garcia-Goni M, Lisbona JM, Ibern P. Measurement of morbidity attended in an integrated health care organization. Gac Sanit. 2009;23(1):29–37.Hunger M, Thorand B, Schunk M, Döring A, Menn P, Peters A, Holle R. Multimorbidity and health-related quality of life in the older population: results from the German KORA-age study. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2011;9:53.de Miguel P, Caballero I, Rivas FJ, Manera J, de Vicente MA, Gómez Á. Morbidity observed in a health area: impact on professionals and funding. 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The World Health Organization quality of life assessment (WHOQOL): development and general psychometric properties. Soc Sci Med. 1998;46(12):1569–85.Badia X, Carne X. The evaluation of quality of life in clinical trials. Medicina Clinica. 1998;110(14):550–6.Revicki DA. Health-related quality of life in the evaluation of medical therapy for chronic illness. J Fam Pract. 1989;29(4):377–80.Agborsangaya CB, Lau D, Lahtinen M, Cooke T, Johnson JA. Health-related quality of life and healthcare utilization in multimorbidity: results of a cross-sectional survey. Qual Life Res. 2013;22(4):791–9.Romero M, Vivas-Consuelo D, Alvis-Guzman N. Is health related quality of life (HRQoL) a valid indicator for health systems evaluation? Springerplus. 2013;2:664.Hanmer J, Feeny D, Fischhoff B, Hays RD, Hess R, Pilkonis PA, Revicki DA, Roberts MS, Tsevat J, Yu L. The PROMIS of QALYs. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2015;13.Herdman M, Badia X, Berra S. EuroQol-5D: a simple alternative for measuring health-related quality of life in primary care. Atencion primaria / Sociedad Espanola de Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria. 2001;28(6):425–30.EuroQol G. EuroQol-a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life. Health Policy. 1990;16(199–208).Agborsangaya CB, Lahtinen M, Cooke T, Johnson JA. Comparing the EQ-5D 3L and 5L: measurement properties and association with chronic conditions and multimorbidity in the general population. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2014;12:7.Real Decreto Legislativo 8/2015, de 30 de octubre, por el que se aprueba el texto refundido de la Ley General de la Seguridad Social. In. «BOE» núm. 261, de 31/10/2015.: Ministerio de Empleo y Seguridad Social.; 2015.Ministry of Health and Social Policy:. Estudios sobre la calidad de vida de pacientes afectados por determinadas patologías. [ http://www.mscbs.gob.es/organizacion/sns/planCalidadSNS/ ].Ministry of Health and Social Policy: Encuesta Nacional de Salud. España 2011/12. Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en adultos: EQ-5D-5L. Serie Informes monográficos n° 3. Madrid: Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad; 2014.Fortin M, Bravo G, Hudon C, Lapointe L, Almirall J, Dubois MF, Vanasse A. Relationship between multimorbidity and health-related quality of life of patients in primary care. Qual Life Res. 2006;15(1):83–91.Fortin M, Dubois MF, Hudon C, Soubhi H, Almirall J. Multimorbidity and quality of life: a closer look. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2007;5:52.Brazier JE, Yang Y, Tsuchiya A, Rowen DL. A review of studies mapping (or cross walking) non-preference based measures of health to generic preference-based measures. Eur J Health Econ. 2010;11.Peak J, Goranitis I, Day E, Copello A, Freemantle N, Frew E. Predicting health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5 L) and capability wellbeing (ICECAP-A) in the context of opiate dependence using routine clinical outcome measures: CORE-OM, LDQ and TOP. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2018;16(1):106.Rivero-Arias O, Ouellet M, Gray A, Wolstenholme J, Rothwell PM, Luengo-Fernandez R. Mapping the modified Rankin scale (mRS) measurement into the generic EuroQol (EQ-5D) health outcome. Med Decis Mak. 2010;30.Argimon Pallás JM, Jiménez Villa J: Métodos de investigación clínica y epidemiológica, vol. Capítulo 15. Tamaño de la muestra; 2013.Yepes-Núñez JJ, García García HI: Preferencias de estados de salud y medidas de utilidad. In., vol. 24. Iatreia; 2011: 365–377.Attema AE, Edelaar-Peeters Y, Versteegh MM, Stolk EA. Time trade-off: one methodology, different methods. Eur J Health Econ. 2013;14(Suppl 1):S53–64.Badia X, Roset M, Herdman M, Kind P. A comparison of United Kingdom and Spanish general population time trade-off values for EQ-5D health states. 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The Changing Landscape for Stroke\ua0Prevention in AF: Findings From the GLORIA-AF Registry Phase 2

Background GLORIA-AF (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation) is a prospective, global registry program describing antithrombotic treatment patterns in patients with newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation at risk of stroke. Phase 2 began when dabigatran, the first non\u2013vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC), became available. Objectives This study sought to describe phase 2 baseline data and compare these with the pre-NOAC era collected during phase&nbsp;1. Methods During phase 2, 15,641 consenting patients were enrolled (November 2011 to December 2014); 15,092 were eligible. This pre-specified cross-sectional analysis describes eligible patients\u2019 baseline characteristics. Atrial fibrillation&nbsp;disease characteristics, medical outcomes, and concomitant diseases and medications were collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results Of the total patients, 45.5% were female; median age was 71 (interquartile range: 64, 78) years. Patients were from Europe (47.1%), North America (22.5%), Asia (20.3%), Latin America (6.0%), and the Middle East/Africa (4.0%). Most had high stroke risk (CHA2DS2-VASc [Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age&nbsp; 6575 years, Diabetes mellitus, previous Stroke, Vascular disease, Age 65 to 74 years, Sex category] score&nbsp; 652; 86.1%); 13.9% had moderate risk (CHA2DS2-VASc&nbsp;= 1). Overall, 79.9% received oral anticoagulants, of whom 47.6% received NOAC and 32.3% vitamin K antagonists (VKA); 12.1% received antiplatelet agents; 7.8% received no antithrombotic treatment. For comparison, the proportion of phase 1 patients (of N&nbsp;= 1,063 all eligible) prescribed VKA was 32.8%, acetylsalicylic acid 41.7%, and no therapy 20.2%. In Europe in phase 2, treatment with NOAC was more common than VKA (52.3% and 37.8%, respectively); 6.0% of patients received antiplatelet treatment; and 3.8% received no antithrombotic treatment. In North America, 52.1%, 26.2%, and 14.0% of patients received NOAC, VKA, and antiplatelet drugs, respectively; 7.5% received no antithrombotic treatment. NOAC use was less common in Asia (27.7%), where 27.5% of patients received VKA, 25.0% antiplatelet drugs, and 19.8% no antithrombotic treatment. Conclusions The baseline data from GLORIA-AF phase 2 demonstrate that in newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients, NOAC have been highly adopted into practice, becoming more frequently prescribed than VKA in&nbsp;Europe and North America. Worldwide, however, a large proportion of patients remain undertreated, particularly in&nbsp;Asia&nbsp;and North America. (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation [GLORIA-AF]; NCT01468701

withdrawn 2017 hrs ehra ecas aphrs solaece expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation

n/