25 research outputs found

    Powdery mildew of cucumber – causal agents, disease management and introduction of a web application for disease assessment

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    Der Echte Mehltau an Cucurbitaceen ist weltweit verbreitet. In Europa treten als Erreger im Wesentlichen zwei Arten auf, Podosphaera xanthii (syn. Sphaerotheca fuliginea, S. fusca) und Golovinomyces orontii (syn. Erysiphe cichoracearum). Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird der Stand der Forschung zur Bekämpfung des Gurkenmehltaus mit alternativen Agenzien wie Salzen, Mikroorganismen und anderen Naturstoffen anhand der Literatur kurz beschrieben. Weiterhin wird ein Überblick über die Möglichkeiten zur Regulierung des Gurkenmehltaus in der Praxis gegeben. Im letzten Teil wird eine neue Internetanwendung zur Befallsschätzung des Echten Mehltaus auf Gurkenblättern vorgestellt. Sie ermöglicht das Erlernen des Schätzens des Befalls in drei Gruppen: geringer (bis 15%), mittlerer (10–40%) und stärkerer Befall (mehr als 30%) anhand zufällig ausgewählter Befallsbilder. Des Weiteren kann ein Verlauf der Krankheit angedeutet werden, indem die 67 einzeln konstruierten Befallsbilder nacheinander wie ein Film ablaufen. Die Webanwendung für Gurkenmehltau ergänzt zehn bereits vorhandene, gleichartige Webanwendungen zur Befallsschätzung wichtiger Getreidekrankheiten. Die Webanwendungen sind im Internet über die URL http://prozentualer-befall.jki.bund aufrufbar.Powdery mildew of cucurbits is distributed worldwide. In Europe, the disease is mainly caused by the two species Podosphaera xanthii (syn. Sphaerotheca fuliginea, S. fusca) and Golovinomyces orontii (syn. Erysiphe cichoracearum). In this contribution, the current state of research on alternative agents for control of cucumber powdery mildew like salts, microorganisms and other agents of natural origin is shortly reviewed. In addition, an overview is given on measures available for regulation of cucumber powdery mildew in practical horticulture. Finally, a new web application for assessment of powdery mildew on cucumber leaves is introduced. It facilitates the training of disease assessment by random presentation of 67 computer-constructed drawings belonging to one of three classes, low (up to 15%), medium (10–40%) and high (more than 30%) disease severity. Furthermore, the disease progress can be simulated by presenting a film-like sequence of the 67 computer-constructed drawings in the order of increasing disease severity. The web application for powdery mildew of cucumber is presented under the URL http://prozentualer-befall.jki.bund.de, together with ten already existing equivalent schemes for cereal diseases

    Stand der Bekämpfung von Brandkrankheiten im ökologischen Getreidebau

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    With the aim to evaluate the effectiveness of techniques and measures for control of cereal bunts and smuts in organic farming systems, field trials were carried out in multiple locations from 2004 to 2006. The relevant fungal diseases included in the trials were common bunt (Tilletia tritici), dwarf bunt (T. controversa), loose smut (Usti-lago tritici, U. nuda), covered smut (U. hordei) and black loose smut (U. avenae). The following treatments were found to be effective. Common bunt: different physical methods, Tillecur, acetic acid. Loose smut of barley and wheat: warm and hot water treatment, seed treatment with ethanol (more trials needed). Covered smut of barley: warm water treatment, ethanol, Lebermooser. Loose smut of oats: hot water treat-ment, ethanol. Field resistant varieties are available (although in some cases only in limited number) for common bunt, loose smut of wheat and barley and covered smut. The status of varietal resistance against dwarf bunt is only insufficiently known. In case of black loose smut research on resistant varieties is currently being conducted

    withdrawn 2017 hrs ehra ecas aphrs solaece expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation

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    Chemistry of Iron Thiolate Complexes with CN -

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