ACIDENTES DE TRANSITO EM ESTRADAS FEDERAIS NO ESTADO DE GOIÁS – PESQUISA E ANÁLISE DOS DADOS EM BUSCA DOS TRECHOS COM MAIOR INDICE DE ACIDENTES

Esta pesquisa bibliográfica e exploração de dados apresenta a análise e estudo sobre o local de trabalho dos motoristas profissionais, as estradas. Baseou-se nos dados dos acidentes coletados pela Polícia Rodoviária Federal, uma visão sobre sua segurança, ilustrando quais trechos apresentam os maiores índices de acidentes, de modo a proporcionar em futuros trabalhos um foco mais objetivo em proposições de intervenções viárias, que visem o melhoramento da segurança. O recorte abrangeu o período de 2007 a 2018, extraindo-se as informações relacionadas ao estado de Goiás. Notou-se que os acidentes causados por desatenção e imperícia do motorista possuem a maior representatividade nas causas das ocorrências. Este trabalho mostrou-se frutífero ao passo de pesquisar os quilômetros das rodovias com o maior número de episódios, onde observa-se que os trechos urbanos assim como entroncamentos entre rodovias merecem maior atenção, a fim de reduzir a quantidade de ocorrências.Palavras-chave: acidentes; motoristas profissionais; segurança viária

ANÁLISE PRELIMINAR DE RISCOS EM UM AÇOUGUE DO MUNICÍPIO DE RIO VERDE

Objetivou-se com esse estudo identificar os agentes de risco na execução das atividades desenvolvidas em um açougue do município de Rio Verde - GO, utilizando a ferramenta Análise Preliminar de Riscos (APR). A metodologia utilizada nesse trabalho foi a pesquisa de campo e para coletar os dados foi realizada visita ao açougue, com observação do ambiente de trabalho e rotina dos funcionários. Foram feitos registros fotográficos do local de trabalho e equipamentos, bem como da execução de algumas atividades. Assim foi possível levantar os dados, que foram organizados e utilizados para elaboração da APR. A planilha referente aos resultados foi construída relacionando os riscos que são categorizados em três níveis de severidade, sendo eles: crítico, moderado e leve. No presente trabalho foi constatado que os riscos ocupacionais em açougues são gerados em sua maioria por materiais, equipamentos, ferramentas cortantes e ergonomia. Esses acidentes podem facilmente serem prevenidos com treinamentos específicos e programa voltado a ergonomia

Ergonomics in "remote work" activities: a workstation adaptation case study in Brazil

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic decreed by the outbreak of the new coronavirus culminated in the need to implement jobs in the homes of employees who had to adhere to the “remote work” style, due to social isolation actions in Brazil. Many of the employees started to work in the absence of adequate working conditions in their homes, impacting the three dimensions of ergonomics, i.e., physical, organizational and cognitive. The objective of this chapter is to report the adjustments made in a workplace after the change of modality from face-to-face (f2f) activities to “remote work” after the beginning of the pandemic in 2020, aiming to adopt actions aimed at ergonomics. The research was carried out with a professional in the area of Environmental and Sanitary Engineering who started remote work in March 2020. The work is of a qualitative nature, using photos to illustrate the changes occurring before and after the installation of the equipments and reports on strategies to improve working conditions in the “remote work”. The cost of physical adaptations was also computed. The most reported complaints collected by the professional were back pain, neck, forearm, wrist and eye pain, in addition to mental fatigue. The necessary equipment and furniture were acquired for the physical adaptation of the workspace. Issues of working hours, days off, means of communication were also addressed, but aspects of cognitive and organizational ergonomics must have the participation of the entire work group to achieve effective results. The accompaniment of a specialized technical professional would be important for the establishment of further assertive actions, seeking the productivity and quality of life of the employee.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Complex decongestant therapy with use of alternative material to reduce and control lymphedema in patients with endemic area of filariasis: a clinical trial

Lymphatic filariasis puts billions of people around the world at risk. Despite this, little is known about the impact of chronic disease morbidity, such as lymphedema. The complex decongestant therapy is a gold standard for treating lymphedemas, but there are no viable protocols for implementation in developing countries. The objective of this clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy of this technique with the use of alternative material and compare its effects on quality of life, functionality and body weight. The intervention and control groups were evaluated using perimetry and limb volume calculation, the Whoqol-bref quality of life questionnaire, the Functional and Mobility test of the lower limbs Timed Up and Go, and body weight assessment. The intervention group received the complex decongestant therapy twice a week for ten weeks, using an alternative material for the bandaging, made with cambric tissue, which presents low cost in relation to the imported bands. The control group received a lecture with information about the disease and care and hygiene guidelines of the members. The sample consisted of thirty patients with a mean age of 50.8 ± 10 years, 52.9% of whom were women. In the statistical analysis, Student's t test, Multivariate analysis of variance, Wilcoxon test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were used. The significance was 5% (pA filariose linfática põe em risco bilhões de pessoas em todo o mundo. Apesar disso, pouco se sabe sobre o impacto da morbidade crônica da doença, como o linfedema. A terapia complexa descongestiva apresenta-se como padrão ouro para tratar linfedemas, mas ainda não existem protocolos viáveis para implementação em países em desenvolvimento. O objetivo deste ensaio clínico foi avaliar a eficácia dessa técnica, com o uso de material alternativo, e comparar seus efeitos na qualidade de vida, funcionalidade e peso corporal. Os grupos intervenção e controle foram avaliados por meio de perimetria e cálculo do volume dos membros, do questionário de qualidade de vida Whoqol-bref, do teste de funcionalidade e mobilidade de membros inferiores Timed Up and Go e avaliação do peso corporal. O grupo intervenção recebeu a terapia complexa descongestiva duas vezes por semana, durante dez semanas, utilizando-se um material alternativo para o enfaixamento, confeccionado com tecido de cambraia, o que apresenta baixo custo em relação às faixas importadas. O grupo controle recebeu palestra com informações sobre a doença e orientações de cuidados e higiene dos membros. A amostra foi composta por trinta pacientes com idade média de 50,8±10 anos, sendo 52,9% mulheres. Na análise estatística foram utilizados os testes t de Student, Multivariate analysis of variance, teste de Wilcoxon e Kolmogorov-Smirnov. A significância adotada foi de 5% (pLa filariasis linfática presenta riesgo para muchas personas en el mundo. Pero poco se sabe acerca del impacto de la morbilidad crónica de esta enfermedad, como es el linfedema. Y surge la terapia compleja descongestiva como la forma de tratarlo, pero todavía no hay protocolos que le posibilite su implementación en países en desarrollo. Este estudio clínico tiene el propósito de valorar la eficacia de esta técnica, con el empleo de material alternativo, y de comparar sus efectos en la calidad de vida, funcionalidad y peso corporal. Se evaluaron a los grupos intervención y control a través de medición y cálculo del volumen de los miembros, de cuestionario de calidad de vida Whoqol-Bref, de la prueba de funcionalidad y movilidad de los miembros inferiores Timed Up and Go y la evaluación del peso corporal. El grupo intervención hizo la terapia compleja descongestiva dos veces a la semana, durante diez semanas, y utilizó un material alternativo, el linón, para el vendaje, lo que mostró ser de bajo costo en comparación a otras vendas importadas. El grupo control vio una charla que exponía informaciones sobre la enfermedad y sobre los cuidados e higienización de los miembros. Treinta pacientes con promedio de edad de 50,8±10 años formaron la muestra, con un 52,9% de participantes mujeres. En el análisis estadístico se emplearon las pruebas t de Student, Multivariate analysis of variance, la prueba de Wilcoxon y Kolmogorov-Smirnov. El nivel de significación ha sido de 5% (

EXTRATIVISMO DE MARISCOS NA ILHA DO MARANHÃO (MA): implicações ecológicas e socioeconômicas

Esta pesquisa avaliou o sistema de produção extrativista de moluscos e osefeitos socioeconômicos e ambientais nos municípios de Paço do Lumiar, São José de Ribamar e Raposa, situados na Ilha do Maranhão. Foram realizadas entrevistas no período entre setembro/2014 e dezembro/2014, com aplicação de 66 questionários do tipo semiestruturados, abordando a questão ambiental, socioeconômica e a atividade de mariscagem e coletadas alíquotas de água para análise bacteriológica nos sítios de extração dos mariscos. A evolução espaço-temporal dos bancos que servem de substrato para os moluscos foi avaliada a partir de imagens aéreas referente aos anos de 2005 e 2015. Os principais moluscos extraídos foram Anomalocardia brasiliana, Mytellafalcata, Mytellaguanienses, Iphigenia brasiliensis e Crassostrearhizophorae, os quais apresentaram produção estimada entre 200 Kg a 300 Kg/coleta.Palavras-chave: Moluscos, catadores, estuário, Ilha do Maranhão

A IMPORTÂNCIA DA GESTÃO DA SAÚDE MENTAL NO AMBIENTE DE TRABALHO NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

The experience of the Public Health resident professional within the scope of Mental Health within the Unified Health System (SUS) takes place in collaboration with the multidisciplinary team, following work processes, applying management principles and interacting with users and family members who They participate in meetings and are part of everyday life at the Psychosocial Support Center (CAPS). The objective is to highlight the importance of community engagement and social control in shared management in the area of ​​Mental Health. The study, of a qualitative nature, is based on an experience report on training in Public Health, which began in May 2019 and concluded in February 2020. A documentary analysis of the minutes of meetings between 2016 and 2020 was carried out, highlighting the most recurrent themes, such as reception, debates on legislation, issues related to Mental Health, clarification of doubts, demands, communication and social control, internal challenges, difficulties and achievements. Results and Discussion.The Meeting of Participants, Families and Professionals of the Dr. Abdoral Machado Psychosocial Care Center (Crateús, Ceará) is a significant action to guarantee rights and responsibilities, at the same time as it is a space to promote health and combat stigmas and prejudices. 41 meetings were held, which, combined with practical experience, were essential to understand that the participants' needs are treated in a fair and humanitarian manner, with a sharing of responsibilities in the face of challenges and successes. In conclusion, this experience was essential for learning in practice within the Unified Health System and in the context of Mental Health, as it used instruments of co-participation and social control to help in decision-making with the management team.A vivência do profissional residente em Saúde Coletiva no âmbito da Saúde Mental dentro do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) se dá em colaboração com a equipe multiprofissional, seguindo os processos de trabalho, aplicando os princípios de gestão e interagindo com os usuários e familiares que participam das reuniões e fazem parte do dia a dia no Centro de Apoio Psicossocial (CAPS). O objetivo é destacar a importância do engajamento da comunidade e do controle social na gestão compartilhada na área da Saúde Mental. O estudo, de cunho qualitativo, baseia-se em um relato de experiência sobre a formação em Saúde Coletiva, iniciada em maio de 2019 e concluída em fevereiro de 2020. Foi feita uma análise documental das atas das reuniões entre 2016 e 2020, destacando os temas mais recorrentes, como acolhimento, debates sobre legislação, questões relacionadas à Saúde Mental, esclarecimento de dúvidas, demandas, comunicação e controle social, desafios internos, dificuldades e conquistas. Resultados e Discussão.A Reunião de Participantes, Familiares e Profissionais do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Dr. Abdoral Machado (Crateús, Ceará) é uma ação significativa para garantir os direitos e responsabilidades, ao mesmo tempo em que é um espaço para promover a saúde e combater estigmas e preconceitos. Foram realizadas 41 reuniões, que, aliadas à experiência prática, foram essenciais para perceber que as necessidades dos participantes são tratadas de maneira justa e humanitária, com um compartilhamento de responsabilidades diante dos desafios e sucessos. Concluindo, essa experiência foi essencial para o aprendizado na prática dentro do Sistema Único de Saúde e no contexto da Saúde Mental, pois utilizou instrumentos de coparticipação e controle social para ajudar na tomada de decisões junto à equipe de gestão

ENFRENTAMENTO DAS DOENÇAS CRÔNICAS NÃO TRANSMISSÍVEIS NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE

Objective: To discuss the existing literature on coping with chronic non-communicable diseases in primary care. Methods: This is a qualitative integrative literature review. The search for works involved in the research was carried out in the following databases: SCIELO, LILACS, BDENF and MEDLINE, using the descriptors in health sciences: "Primary health care", "Chronic non-communicable diseases" and "Health promotion". The inclusion criteria were: published between 2013 and 2023, with free access to full texts, articles in Portuguese, English and Spanish and related to the theme. Exclusion criteria were: duplicate articles, incomplete articles, abstracts, reviews, debates, articles published in event proceedings and unavailable in full. Results: It is worth highlighting the promotion and prevention of NCDs to be tackled in primary care, in conjunction with the urgent and emergency care networks, in order to expand approaches to these diseases at all levels of care. Conclusion: This study concluded that educational activities are one of the most effective means of combating chronic non-communicable diseases, and that these activities need to begin in primary care.Objetivo: Discutir por meio da literatura existente acerca do enfrentamento das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis na atenção primária. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura de caráter qualitativo. A busca dos trabalhos envolvidos na pesquisa foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: SCIELO, LILACS, BDENF e MEDLINE, a partir dos descritores em ciências da saúde: “Atenção primária á saúde”, “Doenças crônicas não transmissíveis” e “Promoção da saúde”. Os critérios de inclusão foram: publicados no período entre 2013 e 2023, cujo acesso ao periódico era livre aos textos completos, artigos em idioma português, inglês e espanhol e relacionados a temática. Critérios de exclusão foram: artigos duplicados, incompletos, resumos, resenhas, debates, artigos publicados em anais de eventos e indisponíveis na íntegra. Resultados: Vale destacar as ações de promoção e prevenção das DCNTs para seu enfrentamento na atenção primária, juntamente em articulação com as redes de urgência e emergência de modo a aumentar a ampliação das abordagens dessas doenças em todos os níveis de atenção. Conclusão: O presente estudo concluiu que as atividades educativas é um dos meios mais eficazes para combater as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, sendo que essas atividades precisam iniciar-se na atenção primária

The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study

AIM: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery. METHODS: This was an international prospective cohort study of consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a decision for curative surgery (January-April 2020). Surgical delay was defined as an operation taking place more than 4 weeks after treatment decision, in a patient who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. A subgroup analysis explored the effects of delay in elective patients only. The impact of longer delays was explored in a sensitivity analysis. The primary outcome was complete resection, defined as curative resection with an R0 margin. RESULTS: Overall, 5453 patients from 304 hospitals in 47 countries were included, of whom 6.6% (358/5453) did not receive their planned operation. Of the 4304 operated patients without neoadjuvant therapy, 40.5% (1744/4304) were delayed beyond 4 weeks. Delayed patients were more likely to be older, men, more comorbid, have higher body mass index and have rectal cancer and early stage disease. Delayed patients had higher unadjusted rates of complete resection (93.7% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.032) and lower rates of emergency surgery (4.5% vs. 22.5%, P < 0.001). After adjustment, delay was not associated with a lower rate of complete resection (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.90-1.55, P = 0.224), which was consistent in elective patients only (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.69-1.27, P = 0.672). Longer delays were not associated with poorer outcomes. CONCLUSION: One in 15 colorectal cancer patients did not receive their planned operation during the first wave of COVID-19. Surgical delay did not appear to compromise resectability, raising the hypothesis that any reduction in long-term survival attributable to delays is likely to be due to micro-metastatic disease

Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants

Summary Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks

Contributions of mean and shape of blood pressure distribution to worldwide trends and variations in raised blood pressure: A pooled analysis of 1018 population-based measurement studies with 88.6 million participants

© The Author(s) 2018. Background: Change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure could be due to both shifts in the entire distribution of blood pressure (representing the combined effects of public health interventions and secular trends) and changes in its high-blood-pressure tail (representing successful clinical interventions to control blood pressure in the hypertensive population). Our aim was to quantify the contributions of these two phenomena to the worldwide trends in the prevalence of raised blood pressure. Methods: We pooled 1018 population-based studies with blood pressure measurements on 88.6 million participants from 1985 to 2016. We first calculated mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and prevalence of raised blood pressure by sex and 10-year age group from 20-29 years to 70-79 years in each study, taking into account complex survey design and survey sample weights, where relevant. We used a linear mixed effect model to quantify the association between (probittransformed) prevalence of raised blood pressure and age-group- and sex-specific mean blood pressure. We calculated the contributions of change in mean SBP and DBP, and of change in the prevalence-mean association, to the change in prevalence of raised blood pressure. Results: In 2005-16, at the same level of population mean SBP and DBP, men and women in South Asia and in Central Asia, the Middle East and North Africa would have the highest prevalence of raised blood pressure, and men and women in the highincome Asia Pacific and high-income Western regions would have the lowest. In most region-sex-age groups where the prevalence of raised blood pressure declined, one half or more of the decline was due to the decline in mean blood pressure. Where prevalence of raised blood pressure has increased, the change was entirely driven by increasing mean blood pressure, offset partly by the change in the prevalence-mean association. Conclusions: Change in mean blood pressure is the main driver of the worldwide change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure, but change in the high-blood-pressure tail of the distribution has also contributed to the change in prevalence, especially in older age groups