JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS

Introduction: EDTA has been considered the gold standard in regenerative endodontic treatments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different dentin conditioning agents other than EDTA on released growth factors, mesenchymal stem cell attachment, and morphology. Methods: Transforming growth factor beta 1, vascular endothelial growth factor, bone morphogenetic protein 2, and fibroblast growth factor 2 release from prepared dentin discs conditioned with 17% EDTA, 10% citric acid, 1% phytic acid (IP6), or 37% phosphoric acid were quantified using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after final irrigation and after 3 days of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (adMSC) seeding. Forty root fragments were prepared from extracted Single-rooted teeth. The morphology and attachment of adMSCs on the conditioned root fragments were observed using a scanning electron microscope. Data for growth factor quantification were analyzed using 1-way analysis. Results: The highest transforming growth factor beta 1 release was observed after citric acid treatment followed by phosphoric acid; there was no significant difference between them, but compared with EDTA and 1% IP6, there were significant differences observed. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detected a very minor exposure of vascular endothelial growth factor and fibroblast growth factor 2 after dentin conditioning, but there were no significant differences between the groups. The greatest bone morphogenetic protein 2 release was observed in the 1% IP6 group, but there were no significant differences between the groups. Three days of adMSC seeding after dentin conditioning has made a dramatic increase in all of the growth factors, and phosphoric acid appeared to be the most effective agent with significant differences compared with the remaining groups. Scanning electron microscopic observations showed that none of the conditioning solutions had an adverse effect on stem cell proliferation and attachment to root dentin. Different cell morphologies like round, oblong, flat, and well-attached cells with developed filopodia were observed in the dentin-conditioned groups. Conclusions: Phosphoric acid conditioning could be useful and may have beneficial effects in regenerative endodontic treatments

TURK GOGUS KALP DAMAR CERRAHISI DERGISI-TURKISH JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of lower extremity ischemia reperfusion on the liver and the effect of ischemia-reperfusion on the liver itself in a rat model. Methods: Thirty Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into three groups including 10 in each group: sham (Group 1), lower limb ischemia-reperfusion (Group 2), and liver ischemia-reperfusion (Group 3). In Group 2, one hour of left lower limb ischemia was performed. In Group 3, one hour of ischemia in the liver was performed, followed by 24 hours of reperfusion. After reperfusion, the liver tissues were removed, and the groups were evaluated biochemically and histologically. Results: The liver malondialdehyde levels were significantly higher in Groups 2 and 3 than in the sham group (p0.05). Conclusion: Reperfusion injury in the liver after lower limb ischemia-reperfusion is as important as ischemia-reperfusion injury which is specifically induced in the liver. This should be taken into account, particularly in reperfusion surgeries following vascular trauma or in cases of leg tourniquets to stop bleeding after lower limb vascular trauma

Experimental and numerical behaviors of GFRP laminates under low velocity impact

The aim of the study is to investigate the behavior of laminated composites under low velocity impact both experimentally and numerically. With this aim, the effects of wide range impact energy values between 10 J and 60 J were evaluated experimentally and numerically for the laminate of [±45/(0/90)2]S oriented unidirectional E-glass as reinforcing material and epoxy resin for matrix material. Different impactor velocities were used to maintain the impact energy values and experimental impact tests were generated with drop weight impact testing machine at room temperature. Numerical simulations were performed using LS-DYNA finite element analysis software with a continuum damage mechanics-based material model MAT058. Contact force between impactor and laminate, and transverse deflection at the center of laminate results were obtained as a function of time and used to plot contact force–time curves, contact force–deflection curves and absorbed energy-impact energy curves. Also, delamination area was examined. Finally, numerical results were compared with experimental results and a good correlation between them was observed. © The Author(s) 2020

ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY

We interviewed 91 people who use plants for medicinal purposes regularly in Altinova (Balikesir) and Kozak (Izmir) during 2009-2010. We recorded the local names of plants, useful parts of plants, ailments treated, preparation and application methods during the interviews. We performed a use value (UV) calculation to assess the relative importance of local species. We carried out informant consensus factor (F-IC) analysis to find out the level of disease homogeneity. Finally, we identified 63 plant taxa belonging to 32 families. Among these were 47 wild and 16 cultivated. Lamiaceae (14.3%), Asteraceae (12.7%), Rosaceae (9.5%), Chenopodiaceae (6.3%) and Brassicaceae (4.8%) families were the most common. Use values showed Urtica dioica L. and Malva sylvestris L. were the most commonly used species. Homogeneity of diseases (F-IC) values were the highest for dermatological, gastrointestinal and blood disorders, 0.93, 0.92 and 0.91, respectively. In our study, herb medicinal species showed more ecological differences than shrub and tree species in terms of altitudinal range and flowering period. Our results also showed that herbal remedies are substantially important among the local people

The initial detection of Toscana virus in phlebotomine sandflies from Turkey

Toscana virus (TOSV) is a prominent arthropod-borne viral agent of human central nervous system infections occurring in the Mediterranean region. The main transmission route to susceptible individuals involves sandflies as vectors. Despite several reports revealing widespread TOSV activity in Turkey, vectors remained unidentified. A sandfly field survey was carried out in five provinces in Central, Southeast and Mediterranean Anatolia in 2017 to identify TOSV and related sandfly-borne phleboviruses and Leishmania parasites, with evidence for circulation in the region. A total of 7136 sandfly specimens, collected via standard methods, were evaluated in 163 pools. TOSV was detected in 11 pools (6.7%), comprising Phlebotomus major sensu lato, Sergentomyia dentata and Phlebotomus papatasi species. TOSV partial L and S segment sequences were characterized, that phylogenetically clustered with local and global genotype A strains. An amino acid substitution outside the conserved motifs of the viral polymerase, also present in previous TOSV sequences in endemic regions, was observed. Leishmania tropica was detected in a single pool of Ph. sergentii (0.6%). This is the first report of TOSV in sandflies from Turkey, and this study further provides evidence for additional sandfly species with the potential to transmit TOSV. © 2020 The Royal Entomological Societ

PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER

In this study, the structural and spectroscopic properties of orthorhombic PbNb2O6 doped with different concentrations of Eu3+ were studied. Interestingly, XRD analysis of undoped PbNb2O6 showed rhombohedral phase while Eu3+ doped structures exhibited an orthorhombic phase at 1250 degrees C. This difference was also observed in the morphology and composition of grains by SEM-EDS analysis. PL and RL emissions occurred between 550 and 850 nm owing to the 4f-4f transitions of Eu3+ . The Judd-Ofelt theory was applied to the experimental data for determination of the Judd-Ofelt parameters (Omega(2), Omega(4)), radiative transition rates (A(r)) and radiative lifetimes (tau(r)). TL glow curves were monitored by the peaks of 98 and 250 degrees C while emission increased up to 6 mol%. TL emission of 6 mol% phosphor depending on X-ray irradiation dose exhibited the highest intensity for 1200 Gy and appeared new peaks. Moreover, the TL emission of phosphor showed a linear relation with X-ray irradiation. The deconvolution peaks of 1200 Gy irradiated samples were determined by the CGCD method. Kinetic data of first peak (98 degrees C) depending on the dose increase were calculated by the PS method

Laguerre Matrix-Collocation Method to Solve Systems of Pantograph Type Delay Differential Equations

In this study, an improved matrix method based on collocation points is developed to obtain the approximate solutions of systems of high-order pantograph type delay differential equations with variable coefficients. These kinds of systems described by the existence of linear functional argument play a critical role in defining many different phenomena and particularly, arise in industrial applications and in studies based on biology, economy, electrodynamics, physics and chemistry. The technique we have used reduces the mentioned delay system solution with the initial conditions to the solution of a matrix equation with the unknown Laguerre coefficients. Thereby, the approximate solution is obtained in terms of Laguerre polynomials. In addition, several examples along with error analysis are given to illustrate the efficiency of the method; the obtained results are scrutinized and interpreted. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG

Pre-service teachers' achievement and perceptions of the classroom environment in flipped learning and traditional instruction classes

The aim of this study was to investigate whether flipped learning affects pre-service teachers' achievement and perceptions related to the classroom environment. This experimental study was conducted in the fall semester of 2017-2018 for 11 weeks at a state university in Turkey and included a total of 56 pre-service teachers. An achievement test and a scale were implemented to collect the data. The analyses through descriptive and inferential statistical analysis techniques showed that flipped learning group obtained significantly higher achievement test scores and final grades than the traditional instruction group. On the other hand, being in the flipped learning group or in the traditional group had no significant effect on the pre-service teachers' perceptions of the classroom environment. Implications for practice or policy: • University administrators may organise in-service training programs for instructors on computer applications, software, and games as implementing them in courses may increase learner satisfaction and contribute to a more positive classroom environment. • Instructors need to consider the duration of lecture videos as videos should not be too long. • Instructors need to consider the length and content of lecture videos-students are more likely to come to class prepared if videos are kept to a manageable length and the content is "chunked". © Articles published in the Australasian Journal of Educational Technology

ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A

Neutron shielding is used to protect personnel and equipment from the effect of neutron radiation. The effective neutron shielding should reduce the neutron energy by elastic and inelastic scattering until they can be absorbed. The interaction of neutron with the matter depends on neutron energy and the density of the shielding material. The best known construction and shielding material is concrete. The composition of concrete has an important effect on its neutron shielding properties. Neutron shielding performance of concrete can be improved by adding different materials such as ferro-boron and iron. In this study, neutron shielding properties of concrete were investigated by adding boron carbide B4C, ferro-boron FeB, and iron Fe in concrete. Neutron dose rate attenuation curves were determined by using FLUKA Monte Carlo code complemented with analytical predictions. The simulation results clearly showed that shielding performance of concrete was enhanced depending on the amounts of additional material and density

MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN THE APPLIED SCIENCES

The Allen-Cahn model equation is extended to the fractional form by using Atangana-Baleanu derivative. The modified nonlinear equation is analyzed via optimal perturbation iteration technique and Laplace transform. Some new analytical approximate solutions are derived for different cases of order alpha. Absolute residual errors of different order of approximations are presented to check the effectiveness and power of the proposed method and new derivative