Technical note: Productive variables of Pelibuey lambs and ewes induced to estrus with exogenous hormones and with different types of suckling

With the objective of analyzing the productive and reproductive response of lambs and ewes subjected to induced or synchronized estrus and to three different types of suckling, 60 Pelibuey ewes and their lambs were randomly assigned, at seven days postpartum, to one of three groups (n = 20); continuous suckling (AC), restricted suckling (AR) and early weaning (DP). The animals were weighed weekly from birth until the eighth week. At 30 d postpartum, the hormonal treatment applied was intravaginal progestagen (P4) plus 0.05 mg of PGF2á and 300 UI of eCG two days before the removal of P4. The percentage of estrus was higher (95%) in DP and AR groups compared with AC (60%; P < 0.05), as was fertility (DP, 80%; AR 75%) versus 40% in AC (P < 0.05), and prolificacy (lambs/ewe, 1.87 and 1.5; P < 0.05). Weight of lambs at 8 wk of age was higher for AC (16.8) and AR (16.5) than for DP (11.9 kg; P < 0.05). In conclusion, the restriction of suckling and early weaning, improved the reproductive efficiency in Pelibuey ewes. However, DP reduced weight gain of the lambs and increased their mortality rate relative to AC and AR

Caracteristicas reproductivas de ovejas Pelibuey sincronizadas e inducidas a la pubertad

El objetivo del experimento fue analizar las características reproductivas de ovejas Pelibuey sincronizadas (T1: n = 7) e inducidas a la pubertad (T2: n = 7). Las ovejas del T1 se presincronizaron, siete días después se aplicó a todas las ovejas FGA intravaginal durante 12 d y dos días antes de retirar el FGA se aplicó eCG. La incidencia de estro fue de 100 % en T1 y T2. El inicio del estro no fue diferente (P>0.05) con valores 21.4 ± 2.2 h y 24.2 ± 3.2 h para T1 y T2. La duración del estro fue de 60.5 ± 6.6 y 41.3 ± 3.6 para T1 y T2 (P<0.05). El inicio, duración y amplitud del pulso preovulatorio de LH no mostró diferencias con valores de 24.5 ± 1.7 y 24.2 ± 4.7 h, 13.4 ± 1.2 y 14.0 ± 0.6 h, 18.1 ± 2.7 y 21.3 ± 3.1 ng mL-1 para T1 y T2 respectivamente. La tasa de gestación no fue diferente con 100 y 85.71 % para T1 y T2. La tasa ovulatoria y prolificidad fue diferente (P<0.05) con valores de 4.4 ± 1.2 y 2.7 ± 0.4 y 2.5 ± 0.2 y 1.4 ± 0.4, para el T1 y T2 respectivamente. Se concluyó que el uso de FGA y eCG en ovejas Pelibuey es recomendable para inducir la pubertad, ya que las características reproductivas analizadas son aceptables, su implementación puede ser factible en programas de inseminación a tiempo fijo

Food, Nutrition and Agrobiodiversity Under Global Climate Change

Available evidence and predictions suggest overall negative effects on agricultural production as a result of climate change, especially when more food is required by a growing population. Information on the effects of global warming on pests and pathogens affecting agricultural crops is limited, though crop–pest models could offer means to predict changes in pest dynamics, and help design sound plant health management practices. Host-plant resistance should continue to receive high priority as global warming may favor emergence of new pest epidemics. There is increased risk, due to climate change, to food and feed contaminated by mycotoxin-producing fungi. Mycotoxin biosynthesis gene-specific microarray is being used to identify food-born fungi and associated mycotoxins, and investigate the influence of environmental parameters and their interactions for control of mycotoxin in food crops. Some crop wild relatives are threatened plant species and efforts should be made for their in situ conservation to ensure evolution of new variants, which may contribute to addressing new challenges to agricultural production. There should be more emphasis on germplasm enhancement to develop intermediate products with specific characteristics to support plant breeding. Abiotic stress response is routinely dissected to component physiological traits. Use of transgene(s) has led to the development of transgenic events, which could provide enhanced adaptation to abiotic stresses that are exacerbated by climate change. Global warming is also associated with declining nutritional quality of food crops. Micronutrient-dense cultivars have been released in selected areas of the developing world, while various nutritionally enhanced lines are in the release pipeline. The high-throughput phenomic platforms are allowing researchers to accurately measure plant growth and development, analyze nutritional traits, and assess response to stresses on large sets of individuals. Analogs for tomorrow’s agriculture offer a virtual natural laboratory to innovate and test technological options to develop climate resilience production systems. Increased use of agrobiodiversity is crucial to coping with adverse impacts of global warming on food and feed production and quality. No one solution will suffice to adapt to climate change and its variability. Suits of technological innovations, including climate-resilient crop cultivars, will be needed to feed 9 billion people who will be living in the Earth by the middle of the twenty-first century

The Constitution of Bilingual/ESL Education as a Disciplinary Practice: Genealogical Explorations

This article provides a cultural and political critique of the constitution of bilingual/English-as-a-second-language (ESL) education as a disciplinary practice in the case of New Mexico. Using genealogy and postcolonial, post-structural, and critical frameworks, this article claims that the directions advanced by the Chicano/Chicana movement were lost. Instead, what emerged was a field that nurtured a mix of symbolic colonization and docilization through the construction of a settlement that controls thought and behavior, perpetuating misrecognition in a Bourdieuian sense. Illusion, collusion, and delusion have enabled the dominance of psycholinguistic approaches. Problematizing the constitution of bilingual/ESL education within a cultural and political sphere could foster an emancipatory education for marginalized students

Measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 5.02 TeV

International audienceThe inclusive jet cross section is measured as a function of jet transverse momentum $p_\mathrm{T}$ and rapidity $y$. The measurement is performed using proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 27.4 pb$^{-1}$. The jets are reconstructed with the anti-$k_\mathrm{T}$ algorithm using a distance parameter of $R$ = 0.4, within the rapidity interval $\lvert y\rvert$$\lt$ 2, and across the kinematic range 0.06 $\lt$$p_\mathrm{T}$$\lt$ 1 TeV. The jet cross section is unfolded from detector to particle level using the determined jet response and resolution. The results are compared to predictions of perturbative quantum chromodynamics, calculated at both next-to-leading order and next-to-next-to-leading order. The predictions are corrected for nonperturbative effects, and presented for a variety of parton distribution functions and choices of the renormalization/factorization scales and the strong coupling $\alpha_\mathrm{S}$

Two-particle Bose-Einstein correlations and their Lévy parameters in PbPb collisions at sNN\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} = 5.02 TeV

Two-particle Bose-Einstein momentum correlation functions are studied for charged-hadron pairs in lead-lead collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV. The data sample, containing 4.27$\times10^{9}$ minimum bias events corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.607 nb$^{-1}$, was collected by the CMS experiment in 2018. The experimental results are discussed in terms of a L\'evy-type source distribution. The parameters of this distribution are extracted as functions of particle pair average transverse mass and collision centrality. These parameters include the L\'evy index or shape parameter ($\alpha$), the L\'evy scale parameter ($R$), and the correlation strength parameter ($\lambda$). The source shape, characterized by $\alpha$, is found to be neither Cauchy nor Gaussian, implying the need for a full L\'evy analysis. Similarly to what was previously found for systems characterized by Gaussian source radii, a hydrodynamical scaling is observed for the L\'evy $R$ parameter. The $\lambda$ parameter is studied in terms of the core-halo model.Comment: Submitted to Physical Review C. All figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIN-21-011 (CMS Public Pages

Measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section in proton-proton collisions at s= \sqrt{s} = 5.02 TeV

The inclusive jet cross section is measured as a function of jet transverse momentum $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and rapidity $y$. The measurement is performed using proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s} =$ 5.02 TeV, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 27.4$\,\text{pb}^{-1}$. The jets are reconstructed with the anti-$k_{\mathrm{T}}$ algorithm using a distance parameter of $R=$ 0.4, within the rapidity interval $|y| <$ 2, and across the kinematic range 0.06 $< p_{\mathrm{T}} <$ 1 TeV. The jet cross section is unfolded from detector to particle level using the determined jet response and resolution. The results are compared to predictions of perturbative quantum chromodynamics, calculated at both next-to-leading order and next-to-next-to-leading order. The predictions are corrected for nonperturbative effects, and presented for a variety of parton distribution functions and choices of the renormalization/factorization scales and the strong coupling $\alpha_\mathrm{S}$.The inclusive jet cross section is measured as a function of jet transverse momentum $p_\mathrm{T}$ and rapidity $y$. The measurement is performed using proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 27.4 pb$^{-1}$. The jets are reconstructed with the anti-$k_\mathrm{T}$ algorithm using a distance parameter of $R$ = 0.4, within the rapidity interval $\lvert y\rvert$$\lt$ 2, and across the kinematic range 0.06 $\lt$$p_\mathrm{T}$$\lt$ 1 TeV. The jet cross section is unfolded from detector to particle level using the determined jet response and resolution. The results are compared to predictions of perturbative quantum chromodynamics, calculated at both next-to-leading order and next-to-next-to-leading order. The predictions are corrected for nonperturbative effects, and presented for a variety of parton distribution functions and choices of the renormalization/factorization scales and the strong coupling $\alpha_\mathrm{S}$

Measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 5.02 TeV

International audienceThe inclusive jet cross section is measured as a function of jet transverse momentum $p_\mathrm{T}$ and rapidity $y$. The measurement is performed using proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 27.4 pb$^{-1}$. The jets are reconstructed with the anti-$k_\mathrm{T}$ algorithm using a distance parameter of $R$ = 0.4, within the rapidity interval $\lvert y\rvert$$\lt$ 2, and across the kinematic range 0.06 $\lt$$p_\mathrm{T}$$\lt$ 1 TeV. The jet cross section is unfolded from detector to particle level using the determined jet response and resolution. The results are compared to predictions of perturbative quantum chromodynamics, calculated at both next-to-leading order and next-to-next-to-leading order. The predictions are corrected for nonperturbative effects, and presented for a variety of parton distribution functions and choices of the renormalization/factorization scales and the strong coupling $\alpha_\mathrm{S}$