How Does Leadership Structure Affect the Bottom Line?

Key Findings Investment in High-commitment HR practices lead to key employee-based outcomes. When companies invest in employees with a system of high-commitment HR practices (see examples of these practices below) they are able to build a workforce with higher human capital and motivation to exert discretionary effort for the benefit of the organization. In particular, higher use of these high-commitment HR (HCHR) practices were significantly related to higher levels of employee education, company tenure/experience, collaboration, and helping behaviors. Higher employee human capital and motivation are resources that lead to competitive advantage. In return, these employee outcomes appear to be key organizational resources for driving competitive advantage. Specifically, higher levels of employee company tenure (i.e., firm-specific experience and knowledge), collaboration, and helping behaviors were all significantly related to higher company sales growth and perceived performance (performance relative to competitors as rated by the company CEO). Leaders make a diff in the extent to which these employee-based resources lead to competitive advantage. In general, these employee-based resources were related to higher performance, but CEOs with greater levels of human capital seemed to be able to leverage these resources for even greater performance. Compared to companies with CEOs with less experience, companies with CEOs with higher average industry and company experience and higher levels of employee human capital and motivation had significantly higher performance, suggesting that CEOs with higher experience seem to understand how to take advantage of the employee-based resources that have been built through the investment in HCHR practices

Clock Quantum Monte Carlo: an imaginary-time method for real-time quantum dynamics

In quantum information theory, there is an explicit mapping between general unitary dynamics and Hermitian ground state eigenvalue problems known as the Feynman-Kitaev Clock. A prominent family of methods for the study of quantum ground states are quantum Monte Carlo methods, and recently the full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo (FCIQMC) method has demonstrated great promise for practical systems. We combine the Feynman-Kitaev Clock with FCIQMC to formulate a new technique for the study of quantum dynamics problems. Numerical examples using quantum circuits are provided as well as a technique to further mitigate the sign problem through time-dependent basis rotations. Moreover, this method allows one to combine the parallelism of Monte Carlo techniques with the locality of time to yield an effective parallel-in-time simulation technique

Computer‐based teaching and evaluation of introductory statistics for health science students: Some lessons learned

In recent years, it has become possible to introduce health science students to statistical packages at an increasingly early stage in their undergraduate studies. This has enabled teaching to take place in a computer laboratory, using real data, and encouraging an exploratory and research‐oriented approach. This paper briefly describes a hypertext Computer Based Tutorial (CBT) concerned with descriptive statistics and introductory data analysis. The CBT has three primary objectives: the introduction of concepts, the facilitation of revision, and the acquisition of skills for project work. Objective testing is incorporated and used for both self‐assessment and formal examination. Evaluation was carried out with a large group of Health Science students, heterogeneous with regard to their IT skills and basic numeracy. The results of the evaluation contain valuable lessons

The ECHR, the HRA and Protecting Human Rights in the UK: A view from international law

As a working paper, it reflects on the interplay between the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) and the Human Rights Act (HRA) as human rights laws protecting human rights in the UK. It is centred on the premise that the interplay is one of a relationship between international law and domestic law, specifically the implementation of international law via a domestic statut

The Responsibility to Protect: A 'just' intervention?

This working paper examines the responsibility to protect from the perspective of the just war tradition

Negotiating the Nation: Knowledge and Meaning at Vaucluse House in its First Curatorial Period

Inaugurated during World War I, Vaucluse House museum aimed to educate visitors of the work of nineteenth century parliamentarian William Charles Wentworth, in particular his role in the installation of responsible government in New South Wales, indeed his writing of the first Constitution, for this and other Wentworth projects were among those which underpinned twentieth century democracy. This article uses museum theory concerning the character of the modern disciplinary museum, and also the tendency of that institution to shape knowledge, to investigate the experience offered to audiences at Vaucluse House over the museum’s first curatorial period. It argues that, in the context of war and an official need to press empire nationalist identity, particular curatorial practices and museological assumptions shaped the themes available and assumed certain audience responses. In the absence of any contemporary methods for assessing museum work in detail, the decision to install a major thematic display of constitutional history intermingled with a house museum interpretation produced mixed messages. Unexpected new evidence and ingenuous curatorial expansion of the rooms available for inspection soon produced unintended consequences. In a changing historical and cultural context, the major theme and rationale of the museum began to be undermined and the house museum interpretation began to dominate. It was this focus which was finally and belatedly endorsed by the museum Trustees in the mid 1950s