Risk and injury portrayal in boys' and girls' favourite television programmes

Objectives: To analyse the injury-related content of children’s television programmes preferred by boys and by girls, and to determine whether there are more televised models of unsafe behaviour in programmes preferred by boys. Methods: Parents of 4–11-year-old children identified their children’s favourite television programmes. Content analysis of 120 episodes of children’s favourite programmes was used to quantify safe and risky behaviours, actual injuries and potential injuries. The gender of the characters portraying the behaviours was also analysed. Results: More risky behaviour was portrayed in the boys’ favourite programmes (mean per episode =6.40) than in the girls’ favourite programmes (mean=2.57). There were almost twice as many potential injuries (n=310) as actual injuries (n=157). Potential injuries were portrayed more often by male characters (mean=1.92) than female characters (mean=0.98), mostly in the boys’ favourite programmes. Actual injuries occurred more often to male characters (mean=1.04) than to female characters (mean=0.27) overall. Conclusions: Television programmes preferred by this sample of boys portrayed male role models engaging in risky behaviours and injuries more often than the programmes preferred by the sample of girls

Southern Ocean Aerosol Optical Depth - instrument comparison and Maine Aerosol Network Validation

A series of atmospheric instruments were deployed aboard the research vessel RV Investigator for a 42-day campaign in 2018 to quantify aerosol optical depth and the properties associated with aerosol in the Southern Ocean marine boundary layer between Australia and Antarctica. The optical depth measurements collected via Microtops sun photometers and LiDAR were analysed for data compatibility to increase the dataset. It was found that aerosol optical depth that was derived from the day-time LiDAR measurements were too noisy to be compatible with the known optical depth measurements. However, an analysis exploring optical depth measurements derived from night-time data indicated moderate compatibility with the known measurements and could be analysed in future studies. Three cases studies, two high aerosol optical depth periods (means of 0.22 and 0.198) and one low period (mean of 0.061), were identified for analyses from the data collected by the Microtops II sun photometer. Data reviewed from LiDAR including cloud type and attenuated backscatter alongside backward trajectory wind path models showed physical mechanisms that were consistent with sea spray aerosol production for the two high periods. The third period which experienced low optical depth and was the closest period to Antarctica indicated sea ice and continental influence, reducing the aerosol formatio

A Comparison Of The Recreational And Leisure Time Pursuits of Selected Negro And White Aged Citizens Of Nacogdoches County, Texas

Until recent years the aged citizens of our population have been neglected as a topic of study, even though other segments have been the center of extensive surveys and have received a great deal of attention from social workers, socially conscious individuals in many walks of life, as well as scientists and lawmakers. The sociologists, whose concern is the study of human society, believe that there are two possible reasons for the neglect of the aged as a special topic of study, First it has been only recently that this category of people has composed any appreciable percentage of the total population of this country. Even now, in the total world population, the aged are of little statistical importance. Second, it will be noted that the categories which have come into the public eye for study are primarily those which seem to constitute problems in the American society

Review of \u3ci\u3eInequity in the Technopolis: Race, Class, Gender, and the Digital Divide in Austin\u3c/i\u3e edited by Joseph Straubhaar, Jeremiah Spence, Zeynep Thfekci, and Roberta G. Lentz

Austin, Texas, by most accounts, is one of the most attractive cities in America. It is said by many people and magazines to be one of the best cities in which to live. Outside of Silicon Valley, it possesses some of the best high-tech companies and the most generous investors in high technology. Young people from across the country attend the University of Texas at Austin- and few of them ever seem to leave. It has become the Urbantopia of our age, the model for the new creative economy. But is it? How much of what we know about Austin is simply its branding, not its substance? This book by Joseph Straubhaar and his colleagues from the University of Texas suggests that all is not perfect in Urbantopia

Optical coherence tomography findings in conversion disorder: are there any differences in the etiopathogenesis of subtypes?

Background: Optical coherence tomography is a contactless and fast neuroimaging method. Previous Studies have observed thinning of the ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer in many neurodegenerative diseases. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the layers of ganglion cell complex in conversion disorder. Methods: This study involved 50 conversion disorder patients and 50 healthy volunteers as the control. The parameters were measured and recorded automatically by a spectral optical coherence tomography device. Results: There was no difference in the retinal nerve fiber layers between the conversion disorder group and the control group (p > 0.05). The left and right choroid layer thickness acquired from three regions of the choroid layer was higher in patients compared with controls (p < 0.05). The ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer volumes were also significantly lower in the patient group (p < 0.05). Discussion: These ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer findings suggest that neurodegeneration occurs during the course of conversion disorder especially in subtype involved motor component. The choroid seems to be more related to the sensory component and it may be used to determine the active stage of the disease and to monitor inflammatory process like other inflammation markers used in systemic inflammatory diseases