La heráldica revolucionaria durante el interregno neogranadino (1810-1815)

El estudio de los símbolos y de las ceremonias oficiales ofrece un observatorio sin igual para conocer las filiaciones, las reivindicaciones y las esperanzas que sustentan todo régimen político. Dicho estudio provee igualmente un acceso incomparable a la mente de sus principales líderes, a sus referencias estéticas e intelectuales, a las ambiciones que guían sus pasos y a los lastres y contradicciones que los entorpecen. Guiado por tales objetivos, el presente artículo se interesa por los blasones neogranadinos de la primera fase de la revolución de independencia. Su autor es docente investigador del Centro de Estudios en Historia de la Universidad Externado de Colombia y autor de una tesis doctoral aún inédita, dirigida en la Universidad de París 1 por Annick Lempérière bajo el título Un Nouveau Royaume. Géographie politique, pactisme et diplomatie durant l’interrègne en Nouvelle Grenada (octubre de 2008, 2 vols.)

Alejandro M. Rabinovich. Anatomía del pánico. La batalla de Huaqui, o la derrota de la revolución (1811). Buenos Aires: Sudamericana, 2017, 283 páginas

Reseña de Alejandro M. Rabinovich. Anatomía del pánico. La batalla de Huaqui, o la derrota de la revolución (1811). Buenos Aires: Sudamericana, 2017, 283 páginas

Subcutaneous anti-COVID-19 hyperimmune immunoglobulin for prevention of disease in asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trialResearch in context

Summary: Background: Anti-COVID-19 hyperimmune immunoglobulin (hIG) can provide standardized and controlled antibody content. Data from controlled clinical trials using hIG for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19 outpatients have not been reported. We assessed the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous anti-COVID-19 hyperimmune immunoglobulin 20% (C19-IG20%) compared to placebo in preventing development of symptomatic COVID-19 in asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: We did a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, in asymptomatic unvaccinated adults (≥18 years of age) with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection within 5 days between April 28 and December 27, 2021. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive a blinded subcutaneous infusion of 10 mL with 1 g or 2 g of C19-IG20%, or an equivalent volume of saline as placebo. The primary endpoint was the proportion of participants who remained asymptomatic through day 14 after infusion. Secondary endpoints included the proportion of individuals who required oxygen supplementation, any medically attended visit, hospitalisation, or ICU, and viral load reduction and viral clearance in nasopharyngeal swabs. Safety was assessed as the proportion of patients with adverse events. The trial was terminated early due to a lack of potential benefit in the target population in a planned interim analysis conducted in December 2021. ClinicalTrials.gov registry: NCT04847141. Findings: 461 individuals (mean age 39.6 years [SD 12.8]) were randomized and received the intervention within a mean of 3.1 (SD 1.27) days from a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. In the prespecified modified intention-to-treat analysis that included only participants who received a subcutaneous infusion, the primary outcome occurred in 59.9% (91/152) of participants receiving 1 g C19-IG20%, 64.7% (99/153) receiving 2 g, and 63.5% (99/156) receiving placebo (difference in proportions 1 g C19-IG20% vs. placebo, −3.6%; 95% CI -14.6% to 7.3%, p = 0.53; 2 g C19-IG20% vs placebo, 1.1%; −9.6% to 11.9%, p = 0.85). None of the secondary clinical efficacy endpoints or virological endpoints were significantly different between study groups. Adverse event rate was similar between groups, and no severe or life-threatening adverse events related to investigational product infusion were reported. Interpretation: Our findings suggested that administration of subcutaneous human hyperimmune immunoglobulin C19-IG20% to asymptomatic individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection was safe but did not prevent development of symptomatic COVID-19. Funding: Grifols