4,752 research outputs found
Transforming N-ary relationships to database schemas: an old and forgotten problem
The N-ary relationships, have been traditionally a source of
confusion and still are. One important source of confusion is that the
term cardinality in a relationship has several interpretations, two of
them being very popular. But none of the two approaches, nor the two
together, allow us to express all the possible cardinality patterns. The
transformations from all the possible relationships to database schemas
have never been described by the existing literature. Using the 14
ternary patterns as example, we discuss these transformations
particularly the transformations from the patterns ignored in the
literature.Postprint (published version
From ternary relationship to relational tables: a case against common beliefs
The transformation from n-ary relationships to a relational database
schema has never been really fully analyzed. This paper presents one of
the several ternary cases ignored by the ER-to-RM literature. The case
shows that the following common belief is wrong: Given a set of FDs over
a table resulting in a non-3NF situation, it is always possible to
obtain a fully equivalent set of 3NF tables, without adding other
restrictions than candidate keys and inclusion dependencies.Postprint (published version
âShe didnât ask me about my grandmaâ. Using process drama to explore issues of cultural exclusion and educational leadership.
Purpose â This purpose of this paper is to describe a collaborative project from the University of Waikato, Hamilton New Zealand, in which the authors used process drama to engage final year teaching students with complex issues of cultural diversity, enabling them to âgrow intoâ different kinds of leadership positions in an imagined educational setting. The paper describes the project and makes a case for process drama as a means of providing opportunities for leadership and as a potent tool for learning about issues of social justice. Design/methodology/approach â The drama was based on a fictional scenario described by Hall and Bishop, where a beginner teacher (of European descent) unwittingly diminishes the experiences of Maori and other non-European children in her class. Using a three-phase process planning model and with facilitators in role alongside the students, the drama explored the scenario from all points of view. Students were encouraged to build empathy for the beginner teacher and for the children and also to explore the dilemma faced by the teacher's tutor in deciding whether, and how, to confront the teacher on the issue. Findings â Through the drama, students built a sense of empathy for all sides of the issue and engaged in deep thinking about the experience of cultural exclusion. The safety and distance provided by the drama âframeâ spurred students to take leadership roles and âstand upâ for issues of social justice. The authors suggest that through such dramas students gain skills and perspectives that they may carry into their professional lives. Research limitations/implications â The paper describes a small project, over one lesson with a specific group of students. More research is needed into the effectiveness of process drama as a sustained strategy for teacher education. Originality/value â This scenario explored in the drama has currency in Aotearoa New Zealand, where the population is increasingly culturally diverse, where underachievement of Maori students continues to be of concern, and where research has shown the centrality of teacher-student relations in raising educational achievement for Maori. The authors believe this paper makes a compelling case for the value of drama as a tool for student teachers to encounter social justice issues in a meaningful way, and suggest that the paper is a valuable contribution to more than one discipline, as it straddles the fields of professional practice and drama as pedagogy
Searching by approximate personal-name matching
We discuss the design, building and evaluation of a method to access theinformation of a person, using his name as a search key, even if it has deformations. We present a similarity function, the DEA function, based
on the probabilities of the edit operations accordingly to the involved
letters and their position, and using a variable threshold. The efficacy
of DEA is quantitatively evaluated, without human relevance judgments,
very superior to the efficacy of known methods. A very efficient
approximate search technique for the DEA function is also presented
based on a compacted trie-tree structure.Postprint (published version
CERITA PENDEK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MEMBACA SISWA SMA KELAS XI (SEBUAH USULAN)
The research with the title "short stories in read learning " aims to describe the usage of short stories in read learning of German language for high school students of class XI. This study was conducted to determine the usage of short stories in read learning.
This research is qualitative descriptive type which describes the usage of short stories in learning German language. This research is based on the theory of the selection of short stories by Sutawijaya. In this theory sutawijaya said that there are two criteria of choosing stories rhe first one is legibility criteria that include clarity of language, clarity of theme, the simplicity of the plot, the simplicityof character, the simplicity of backdrop, the clarity of central narrative, and the second one is suitability criteria that include curriculum. From the theory of selection of short story then arranged researcher of learning to read by using short stories that have been selected and analyzed.
The result is a creative design of learning to read by using short stories that encourage students to understand the short story by using their senses. And the conclusion is a lesson plan by use short stories can be applied by a teacher in the high school students of class XI. Then in terms of the selection of short stories selected short stories titled "Tante Anna" by Karl-Heinz Ganser had met the criteria of legibility but do not meet the criteria of suitability.
Key words: short stories, learning, rea
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