13 research outputs found
Green space factor as a planning tool : development of the courtyard over time
I en tid dÄ vi blir fler och fler mÀnniskor pÄ jorden
talas det mycket om hÄllbar utveckling. Det tÀta
stadsidealet föresprÄkas av mÄnga men i spÄret
av stadsförtÀtning försvinner mÄnga grönytor.
För att frÀmja vÀxt- och djurliv i stÀderna finns
det olika planeringsverktyg. Ett av dom kallas för
grönytefaktorn och anvÀndes för första gÄngen i
Sverige till bomÀssan Bo01 i Malmö.
Vid anlÀggandet av Bo01 stÀllde man mÄnga krav
pÄ utemiljön. Ett av kraven var att alla gÄrdar skulle
uppnÄ 0.5 i grönytefaktor. Det fanns dock inga
möjligheter att ge pÄföljder till de som inte levde
upp till kraven. Inte heller kunde man krÀva att
grönytefaktorn skulle upprÀtthÄllas. Hur har detta
pÄverkat grönytefaktorn? Kan grönytefaktorn anses
vara ett hÄllbart planeringsverktyg sett över tid?
För att svara pÄ mina frÄgor har jag gjort en fallstudie
pÄ Bo01 i Malmö dÀr jag besökt 17 bostadsgÄrdar
och inventerat de förÀndringar som skett pÄ tio Är.
MÄlet med studien Àr att undersöka hur utvecklingen
av bostadsgÄrdarna pÄ Bo01 har skett över tid och
diskutera vad vi kan lÀra oss av utvecklingen.
Studien har visat att gÄrdarna inte har förÀndrats
sÄ mycket i den övergripande strukturen. Bara en
gÄrd har fÄtt en helt ny gestaltning. I övrigt har
smÄ förÀndringar skett och det Àr framför allt
vÀxtmaterialet som har förÀndrats. Av fallstudien kan
man se att vissa ytor Àr mer robusta Àn andra ytor.
Det gÀller de ytor som representerar markytor. De
ytor som representerar vÀxtlighetet Àr inte sÄ robusta
och har förÀndrats mer.
Den genomsnittliga grönytefaktorn för gÄrdarna har
blivit lÀgre sedan Är 2002. MÄnga gÄrdar levde inte
upp till kravet pÄ 0.5 varken Är 2002 eller Är 2012.
DÀrför kan grönytefaktorn, sÄ som den anvÀndes pÄ
Bo01 inte anses vara ett hÄllbart planeringsverktyg
sett över tid. Ăven om faktorn har minskat pĂ„ Bo01
finns det mycket potential i att utveckla verktyget.In a time when we are becoming more and more
people on earth, sustainable development is a hot
topic. A dense urban structure is today promoted
by many. A lot of green spaces disappears when we
build denser. There are various planning tools to
promote plant and animal life in the cities. One of
them is called the green space factor. The exhibition
Bo01 in Malmö was the first place in Sweden to use a
planning tool like this.
Under the construction of Bo01 there were many
demands on the outdoor environment. One of the
requirements was that all courtyards would reach
0.5 in green space factor. However, there were no
possibilities to provide sanctions for those who did
not live up to the requirements. How has this affected
the green space factor? Can green space factor be
considered as a sustainable planning tool seen over
time?
To answer my questions, I have done a study on the
Bo01 in Malmö where I visited 17 courtyards and
observed the changes that has happened over ten
years. The aim of the study is to examine how the
development of courtyards at Bo01 has occurred
over time and discuss what we can learn from that.
The study has shown that the courtyards have not
changed that much in the overall structure. Only one
courtyard has been completely re-design. Otherwise,
small changes has occurred and it is mainly the
surfaces for plants that has changed. The study
shows that some surfaces are more solid than other
surfaces. These are the surfaces that represent ground
surfaces. The surfaces that represents plants is not as
solid and has changed more.
The average green space factor for the courtyards
is lower today. Many courtyards did not meet
the requirement of 0.5 either in 2002 or in 2012.
Therefore, the green space factor, as it was used at
Bo01 cannot be considered a sustainable planning
tool seen over time. Although the green space factor
has decreased at Bo01, there is potential in developing
the tool
Learn with all the senses : the value of outdoor environment for childrens health and development
Den hÀr kandidatuppsatsen syftar till att undersöka pÄ vilka sÀtt utomhusvistelse Àr bra för barns utveckling och hÀlsa. Uppsatsen undersöker vad utomhuspedagogik innebÀr och pÄ vilket sÀtt utomhusleken skiljer sig frÄn inomhusleken. Den behandlar vilka hinder och möjligheter som finns med utomhuspedagogik och hur barn pÄverkas av att vara utomhus. MÄlet med den hÀr kandidatuppsatsen Àr att undersöka vad som kÀnnetecknar en bra och stimulerande utomhusmiljö för barn. Och hur man som landskapsarkitekt kan utforma bra och stimulerande utomhusmiljöer för barn i förskolans verksamhet. Uppsatsen Àr baserad pÄ en litteraturstudie i kombination med en exempelstudie.
Genom min litteraturstudie har jag kunnat konstatera att utomhusvistelse har positiva effekter pÄ hÀlsa och vÀlbefinnande. Utomhusvistelsen kan ocksÄ leda till bÀttre koncentrationsförmÄga och bÀttre inlÀrningsförmÄga. Utomhuspedagogik bygger pÄ att skapa sig egna erfarenheter genom upplevelser utomhus. Litteraturstudien har ocksÄ visat att det finns skillnader mellan leken utomhus och leken inomhus. Leken utomhus Àr friare, och hÀndelseförloppet i leken styrs inte bara av barnen sjÀlva utan ocksÄ av naturens processer. Inomhus Àr leken mer fokuserad och ofta mer organiserad av vuxna. En bra utomhusmiljö lockar barnen till lek och fysisk aktivitet. Viktiga faktorer Àr en tillrÀckligt stor friyta för barnen att vistas pÄ. I utemiljön bör det ocksÄ finnas olika lekmiljöer som kan delas upp i olika zoner med olika karaktÀrer. De olika karaktÀrerna pÄ zonerna hjÀlper barnet att vÄga utforska och upptÀcka sin omvÀrld pÄ egen hand.
Litteraturstudien har resulterat i Ätta kriterier för en god utomhusmiljö för barn.
o Friyta för lek och utevistelse
o Zoner och karaktÀrsdrag
o Platser för bÄde lek och lugn och ro
o Vegetation och topografi
o Lekutrustning
o Löst material och flexibilitet
o Odling
o Platser skyddade frÄn sol, vind och regn.
För att testa kriterierna och anknyta litteraturstudien till en verklig situation har en exempelstudie genomförts med kriterierna som analysredskap. Exempelstudien genomfördes pÄ Asarumsdalens förskola i Karlshamns kommun.This bachelor thesis aims to investigate the ways in which outdoor living is good for children's development and health. The essay examines what outdoor education means and how the outdoor play differs from indoor play. It deals with the obstacles and opportunities that exist with outdoor education and how children are affected by being outdoors. The aim of this thesis is to study what characterizes a good and stimulating outdoor environment for children. And how a landscape architect can design good and stimulating outdoor environments for children in preschool. The thesis is based on a literature study in combination with a case study.
Through my literature study, I have found that children that spends a lot of time outdoor has positive effects on health and well-being. Spending time outside can also lead to better concentration and better learning ability. Outdoor education is based on creating own experiences while being outdoors. The literature study has also shown that there are differences between the play outdoors and the play indoors. The outdoor play is freer, and the course of events in the play is not only controlled by the children themselves but also by the processes in nature. Indoors the play is more focused and often more organized by adults. A good outdoor environment helps children to play and be physical active. Important factors are a sufficiently space for the children. In the outdoor environment, there should also be different types of environments that can be divided into different zones with different characteristics. The different characteristics of the zones help the child dare to explore and discover their surroundings on their own.
The literature study has resulted in eight criteria for a good outdoor environment for children.
o Free space for playing outside
o Zones and characteristics
o Places for both play and peace and quiet
o Vegetation and topography
o Playground equipment
o Loose materials and flexibility
o Garden plot
o Places protected from sun, wind and rain
In order to test the criteria and link the literature study to a real situation, a case study has been carried out with the criteria as an analytical tool. The case study was conducted at Asarumsdalens preschool in Karlshamn, Sweden
South Scandinavian grave- and settlement areas in the shadow of UppÄkra
In relation to last yearâs introduction of Digital Archaeological Process this study is supposed to investigate the opportunities of using quantitative methods on the archaeological material. The subject of the investigation is to problematize and process the concept of âcentral placesâ. The investigation is based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods executed on seven different grave- and settlement areas during the Iron Age in SkĂ„ne. The archeological material is gathered through archaeological reports and later processed in tables. The concept of central places is often based on luxury finds and places with much archaeological material. Quantitative methods on archaeological material are a possibility by many reasons. For example by getting an overview of each grave- and settlement area which is an opportunity for more interpretations. DAP is an opportunity to restore the archaeological material during excavations for future research. The introduction of DAP is a step in the right direction for future archaeology
South Scandinavian grave- and settlement areas in the shadow of UppÄkra
In relation to last yearâs introduction of Digital Archaeological Process this study is supposed to investigate the opportunities of using quantitative methods on the archaeological material. The subject of the investigation is to problematize and process the concept of âcentral placesâ. The investigation is based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods executed on seven different grave- and settlement areas during the Iron Age in SkĂ„ne. The archeological material is gathered through archaeological reports and later processed in tables. The concept of central places is often based on luxury finds and places with much archaeological material. Quantitative methods on archaeological material are a possibility by many reasons. For example by getting an overview of each grave- and settlement area which is an opportunity for more interpretations. DAP is an opportunity to restore the archaeological material during excavations for future research. The introduction of DAP is a step in the right direction for future archaeology
Distriktssköterskans upplevelse av den egna yrkeskompetensen
Validerat; 20101217 (root
On estimating true change interrelationships with other variables
Longitudinal research design, measurement of change, correlates and predictors of latent growth or decline, structural equation modeling methodology,