Henri Temianka Correspondence; (minghetti)

https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/temianka_correspondence/2502/thumbnail.jp

Henri Temianka Correspondence; (minghetti)

https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/temianka_correspondence/2501/thumbnail.jp

Generations on the move: intergenerational exercise and health promotion

Background In light of demographic and societal changes as well as increasing inactivity within the last decades, the intergenerational exercise setting has been gaining attraction as it possesses the potential to becoming an innovative strategy to promote physical activity in children and seniors. Nevertheless, the effects of such intergenerational exercise programs on physical and psychosocial health have not been examined yet. Aim This PhD project aimed to examine the effects of an intergenerational exercise intervention on physical and psychosocial health-outcomes in preschool children and residential seniors. In this regard, the effects of the exercise setting were compared to peer-group exercise and control conditions in both generations. Furthermore, specific research on the relationship between various health outcomes and physical activity in children and seniors were evaluated. Methods The Generations on the Move Study is a five-armed controlled trial with a 25-week physical exercise training intervention and pre- and post-intervention assessments. Six kindergartens with 68 healthy children and five senior homes with 47 residential seniors from Basel-Stadt and surroundings participated in this study. The kindergartens and senior homes were assigned either to an intergenerational (IG), a peer (PG) or a control group (CON). Children were assessed in gross motor skills (TGMD-2), jump performance, handgrip strength as well as micro- and macrovascular health. Social-emotional skills were assessed by kindergarten teachers with a questionnaire (KOMPIK). Seniors performed the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), including gait speed. Central hemodynamics as well as arterial stiffness were also examined. Questionnaires assessing psychosocial wellbeing (SF-36; FES; AQoL-8) were filled in with staff. IG and PG received one comparable exercise session a week lasting 45 minutes for 25 weeks. The training sessions were conducted in the respective institutions, whereby IG children were accompanied to their partnering residence home. Both CON groups received no intervention and were asked to uphold daily habits. Measurements were performed before and after the intervention. Between group differences were calculated using linear regression models. Results Children: Our analyses show at least moderate improvements of IG over CON in most main physical performance parameters (0.45<d≤1.07) and no relevant differences in social-emotional skills (-0.12<d≤0.14). Compared to PG, IG showed moderate effects in gross motor skills (TGMD-2: d=0.58 [0.13;1.03]) and handgrip strength (d=0.66 [0.26;1.07]). Small effects for IG over PG were found in all social-emotional dimensions (0.25<d≤0.40). Seniors: Moderate to very large improvements in IG compared to CON were found in all physical performance parameters (0.76<d≤2.53) as well as in markers of cardiovascular health (0.35<d≤0.56). Small to large differences in favor of IG over CON are compatible with data in all questionnaires (SF-36: d=0.94 [0.28;1.59]; FES: d=0.89 [0.21;1.58]; AQoL-8: d=1.20 [0.62;1.79]). Data comparing IG to PG show compatibility with trivial to at least moderate effects in favor of IG in SPPB (d=0.45 [0.04;0.86]), single task gait speed (d=0.40; [0.05;0.74]) and blood pressure (0.58<d≤0.63). IG showed moderate effects in general health score (d=0.68 [0.07;1.29]) and small to moderate effects over PG in all AQoL-8 dimensions (0.23<d≤0.51) whereby data is compatible with small to large effects. Conclusion Children in the intergenerational group show largest improvements in motor skills while intergenerational seniors benefit especially in functional mobility necessary for everyday life and psychosocial wellbeing. The intergenerational exercise setting is comparable and in certain dimensions superior to peer-group training and is, therefore, a promising strategy to promote physical performance parameters essential for lifelong fitness and health in children while simultaneously challenging their social-emotional learning skills. The maintenance and, more importantly, the improvements in physical health in seniors are very promising insights, speaking in favor of this setting, especially in combination with the improvements in mental health and quality of life. Future fields of research should examine the underlying mechanisms, long-term effects as well as different populations of children and seniors

Prikupljanje statističkih podataka međunarodnog turističkog prometa na otvorenom prostoru: metodologija i primjena - slučaj Regije Veneto

It is now generally acknowledged the need of collecting information on the expenditure behaviour of inbound tourists, which is crucial for estimating the macro-economic impact of tourism in an area (open or closed) in terms of GDP, employment and balance of payments. The survey on inbound tourist expenditure in the Veneto region here described represents the first step towards the development of a Regional Tourism Information System, useful not only for researchers but also for all public and private operators involved in tourism management, marketing and planning. The paper describes objectives, methodology and organisation of this survey, by providing the analytical framework for the systematic collection of data on characteristics and consumption behaviour of inbound tourists.Danas je opće poznata potreba za prikupljanjem informacija o potrošnji stranih turista, što je ključno za ocjenjivanje makroekonomskog utjecaja turizma na GDP, zaposlenost i bilancu plaćanja u jednom području (otvorenom ili zatvorenom). Prikaz istraživanja o potrošnji stranih turista u Regiji Veneto, koje je u radu prezentirano, predstavlja prvi korak prema razvoju informacijskog sustava same regije, koji ne samo daje koristan istraživačima i znanstvenicima nego i svim javnim i privatnim poduzetnicima turističkog menadžmenta, marketinga i planiranja. U radu su opisani ciljevi, metodologija i organizacija tog istraživanja, koje je dalo odgovarajući analitički okvir za sustavno prikupljanje podataka o karakteristikama i potrošnji stranih turista

A novel method for pair-matching using three-dimensional digital models of bone:mesh-to-mesh value comparison

The commingling of human remains often hinders forensic/physical anthropologists during the identification process, as there are limited methods to accurately sort these remains. This study investigates a new method for pair-matching, a common individualization technique, which uses digital three-dimensional models of bone: mesh-to-mesh value comparison (MVC). The MVC method digitally compares the entire three-dimensional geometry of two bones at once to produce a single value to indicate their similarity. Two different versions of this method, one manual and the other automated, were created and then tested for how well they accurately pair-matched humeri. Each version was assessed using sensitivity and specificity. The manual mesh-to-mesh value comparison method was 100 % sensitive and 100 % specific. The automated mesh-to-mesh value comparison method was 95 % sensitive and 60 % specific. Our results indicate that the mesh-to-mesh value comparison method overall is a powerful new tool for accurately pair-matching commingled skeletal elements, although the automated version still needs improvement. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00414-016-1334-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Multiple Cu-ATPase genes are differentially expressed and transcriptionally regulated by Cu exposure in sea bream, Sparus aurata

Copper (Cu) is an essential metal, although in excess is highly toxic due to its redox properties and, therefore intracellular Cu homeostasis is a highly regulated process. Cu-ATPases are pivotal regulatory, proteins of intracellular and bodily Cu homeostasis. Two Cu-ATPases, ATP7A and ATP7B with distinct, functions are found in mammals and herein we report the structure and expression under Cu stress of, homologues of ATP7A and ATP7B in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), the first such report for any, fish. The deduced protein sequences of S. aurata ATP7A (saATP7A) and ATP7B (saATP7B), displayed 63% and 75% identity respectively to their human homologues. All characteristic structural, features of Cu-ATPases were conserved between fish and mammals, although the number of Cu-binding, domains was less in fish ATP7B than in mammalian ATP7B. The tissue expression of sea bream, Cu-ATPases was similar to that observed in mammals, saATP7A being ubiquitously expressed, although low in liver, whilst saATP7B was mainly expressed in the intestine and liver. By analysis of the sequenced genomes of other species we have confirmed the presence of ATP7A and ATP7B genes in fish and propose that the presence of two Cu-ATPase genes in vertebrates represents a retention and neo-functionalization of a duplicated ancestral gene coincident with the development of a closed circulatory system and discrete hepato-biliary system. Expression of Cu-ATPase mRNA was changed after exposure to excess Cu in a manner dependent on exposure route and tissue type. Excess dietary Cu (130mgkg−1 Cu dry diet) reduced saATP7A mRNA levels in intestine, gill, kidney and liver, and increased hepatic saATP7B mRNA consistent with increased biliary excretion. Whilst after waterborne Cu exposure (0.3mgL−1 Cu), expression of ATP7A mRNA was increased in intestine and liver and toxic responses were observed in gill and liver. Our results indicate that Cu-ATPases in both fish and mammals have similar functions in maintenance of Cu homeostasis and are consistent with previous physiological evidence from various fish species for the involvement of multiple Cu-ATPases in Cu transport. Furthermore, our evidence suggests that fish can detoxify excess dietary Cu relatively efficiently but are unable to cope with excess dissolved Cu in the water, demonstrating that the exposure route is critical to toxicity

Transcriptional control mechanisms of genes of lipid and fatty acid metabolism in the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) established cell line, SHK-1

The regulatory control mechanisms of lipid and fatty acid metabolism were investigated in Atlantic salmon. We identified sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) genes in salmon and characterised their response, and the response of potential target and other regulatory genes including liver X receptor (LXR), to cholesterol and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) in the salmon established cell line, SHK-1. Two cDNAs for SREBPs homologous to mammalian SREBP-1 and SREBP-2 were characterised. We identified three groups of genes whose expression responded differently to the treatments. One group of genes, including cholesterol biosynthetic genes, showed increased expression in response to lipid depletion but supplementary cholesterol or LC-PUFA had no further effect. The expression of a second group of genes belonging to fatty acid biosynthetic pathways, included fatty acid synthase, Δ6 and Δ5 fatty acyl desaturases, also increased after lipid depletion but this was negated by cholesterol or by LC-PUFA supplementation. The expression of a third group of genes including acyl-CoA oxidase, HMG-CoA reductase and Elovl5 elongase was increased by cholesterol treatment but was not affected by lipid depletion or by LC-PUFA. This same pattern of expression was also shown by liver X receptor (LXR), indicating that acyl-CoA oxidase, HMG-CoA reductase and Elovl5 are possible direct targets of LXR. This suggests that salmon Elovl5 may be regulated differently from mammalian Elovl5, which is an indirect target of LXR, responding to LXR-dependent increases in SREBP-1

Agentes penitenciarios en transición : Una aproximación a las transformaciones en la cultura organizacional en un instituto de formación de las fuerzas de seguridad

La presente ponencia surge del trabajo final de la materia Sociología de las Organizaciones donde se propone a los alumnos realizar un abordaje de los contenidos aprendidos a lo largo del cuatrimestre de manera empírica. Se busca que a partir de la selección de una organización, a preferencia de los alumnos, se pueda hacer uso de los conceptos y categorías analíticas vistas en clase, ya sea para plasmarlos sobre la organización o bien para ponerlos en tensión con esta. La organización que seleccionamos, es un Instituto Superior de Formación y Capacitación del Personal Penitenciario. Desde sus orígenes, este Instituto se propuso como meta la formación integral de sus alumnos mediante actividades áulicas, prácticas deportivas, el cuidado por la salud, la asistencia social, psicológica, pedagógica, y religiosa, la educación complementaria, a través de la participación en diversos acontecimientos de índole social y cultural y, también, a partir de los viajes de egreso de las distintas promociones que en los últimos años se efectuaron fuera del país, aunando intereses profesionales y culturales.Mesa 24: Imágenes de la organización: su importancia como objeto de estudio para las ciencias sociales.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Medicated foams and film forming dosage forms as tools to improve the thermodynamic activity of drugs to be administered through the skin

Medicated foams and film forming systems are dosage forms formulated to undergo to a controlled metamorphosis when applied on the skin. Indeed, due to the presence of propellant or a particular air-spray foam pump, a liquid can generate a foam when applied on the stratum corneum, or a liquid or conventional dosage form can form on the skin a continuous film as a consequence of the solvent evaporation. Thanks to these controlled modifications, the drug thermodynamic activity increases favoring the skin penetration and, therefore, the bioavailability with respect to conventional semi-solid and liquid dosage forms. Furthermore, the available clinical data also evidence that these dosage forms improve the patient's compliance. The main formulative aspects of medicated foams and film forming systems are reviewed with the aim to underline the possible advantages in terms of biopharmaceutical performances and patient's adherence

Copper transporter 1, metallothionein and glutathione reductase genes are differentially expressed in tissues of sea bream (Sparus aurata) after exposure to dietary or waterborne copper

The high affinity copper transporter 1 (Ctr1), metallothionein (MT) and glutathione reductase (GR) are essential for copper uptake, sequestration and defense respectively. Following rearing on a normal commercial diet (12.6±0.2 mgKg-1Cu), sea bream were fed an experimental control diet lacking mineral mix (7.7±0.3 mgKg-1Cu), an experimental diet enhanced with Cu (135±4 mgKg-1 Cu) or an experimental diet (7.7±0.3 mgKg-1Cu) while exposed to Cu in water (0.294±0.013mgL-1). Fish were sampled at 0, 15 and 30 d after exposures. Fish fed the Cu-enhanced experimental diet showed lower levels of expression of Ctr1 in the intestine and liver compared to fish fed control experimental diets, whilst Ctr1 expression in the gill and kidney was unaffected by excess dietary Cu exposure. Waterborne Cu-exposure increased Ctr1 mRNA levels in the intestine and the kidney compared to experimental controls. Excess dietary Cu exposure had no effect on levels of metallothionein (MT) mRNA, and the only effect of dietary excess Cu on glutathione reductase (GR) mRNA was a decrease in the intestine. Both MT mRNA and GR were increased in the liver and gill after waterborne Cu exposure, compared to levels in fish fed experimental control low Cu diets. Thus, Ctr1, MT and GR mRNA expression in response to excess Cu is dependent on the route of exposure. Furthermore, the tissue expression profile of sea bream Ctr1 is consistent with the known physiology of copper exposure in fish and indicates a role both in essential copper uptake and in avoidance of excess dietary and waterborne copper influx