Gestão do conhecimento e sustentabilidade no contexto organizacional: uma revisão sistemática na Ciência da Informação

This is a systematic review of studies that present discussions that intersect the themes of sustainability and knowledge management in organizations within the scope of Information Science. The method applied was the systematic review, carried out from the process of surveying intersecting research in the field of Information Science, collected from scientific journals in the area, under a descriptive-exploratory analysis of a qualitative nature. The data collection process was outlined from the inclusion and exclusion criteria, through the use of the following key terms: "Organizations" "Sustainability", "Sustainable development", "Organization", "Knowledge management", "Sustainability development" and "Sustainability". A total of 1,102 articles were identified, in which, after applying the search eligibility method, 07 articles adhering to the study's objective were analyzed. It was observed, as to the thematic relation of the studies from the perspective of knowledge management and sustainability in organizations, an intersectionality in the research objects, in which different axes of approach were treated: sustainable competitive advantage, innovation, environmental education, organizational systems, competitive intelligence, among others. It was concluded from the systematic review that there is an intersectionality of studies on knowledge management and sustainability in organizations published in journals of Information Science (Communication and Information - Platform Sucupira CNPq), even if in different niches of approach, noting that much of the research collected in the first phase of the review did not meet the eligibility criteria defined for the study proposal.Se trata de una revisión sistemática de estudios que presentan discusiones que entrecruzan los temas sobre la sostenibilidad y la gestión del conocimiento en las organizaciones en el ámbito de la Ciencia de la Información. El método aplicado fue la revisión sistemática, realizada a partir del proceso de relevamiento de investigaciones cruzadas en el campo de la Ciencia de la Información, recogidas de las revistas científicas del área, bajo un análisis descriptivo-exploratorio de carácter cualitativo. El proceso de recopilación de datos se perfiló a partir de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, mediante el uso de los siguientes términos clave: "Organizaciones" "Sostenibilidad", "Desarrollo sostenible", "Organización", "Gestión del conocimiento", "Desarrollo de la sostenibilidad" y "Sostenibilidad". Se identificaron 1.102 artículos, en los que, tras aplicar el método de elegibilidad de la investigación, se analizaron 07 artículos que cumplían el objetivo del estudio. Se observó, en cuanto a la relación temática de los estudios desde la perspectiva de la gestión del conocimiento y la sostenibilidad en las organizaciones, una interseccionalidad en los objetos de investigación, en los que se trataron diferentes ejes de abordaje: ventaja competitiva sostenible, innovación, educación ambiental, sistemas organizacionales, inteligencia competitiva, entre otros. Se concluyó, a partir de la revisión sistemática, que existe una interseccionalidad de estudios sobre la gestión del conocimiento y la sostenibilidad en las organizaciones publicados en revistas de Ciencias de la Información (Comunicación e Información - Plataforma Sucupira CNPq), aunque en diferentes nichos de abordaje, observando que gran parte de las investigaciones recogidas en la primera fase de la revisión no cumplían los criterios de elegibilidad definidos para la propuesta de estudio.Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática dos estudos que apresentam discussões que interseccionam as temáticas sobre sustentabilidade e gestão do conhecimento nas organizações no âmbito da Ciência da Informação. O método aplicado foi a revisão sistemática, realizada a partir do processo de levantamento de pesquisas interseccionadas no campo da Ciência da Informação, coletadas a partir dos periódicos científicos da área, sob uma análise descritiva-exploratória de natureza qualitativa. O processo de coleta de dados foi delineado a partir dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, por meio do uso dos seguintes termos-chaves: "Organizações" "Sustentabilidade", “Desenvolvimento sustentável”, “Organization”, “Knowledge management", “Sustainability development” e "Sustainability". Identificou-se um total de 1.102 artigos, nos quais, após a aplicação do método de elegibilidade na pesquisa, foram analisados 07 artigos aderentes ao objetivo do estudo. Observou-se, quanto a relação temática dos estudos sob a perspectiva da gestão do conhecimento e da sustentabilidade nas organizações, uma interseccionalidade nos objetos de pesquisa, nos quais diferentes eixos de abordagem foram tratados: vantagem competitiva sustentável, inovação, educação ambiental, sistemas organizacionais, inteligência competitiva, dentre outros. Concluiu-se, a partir da revisão sistemática, que há uma interseccionalidade dos estudos sobre a gestão do conhecimento e a sustentabilidade nas organizações publicados nos periódicos da Ciência da Informação (Comunicação e Informação – Plataforma Sucupira CNPq), mesmo que em nichos de abordagem diferentes, observando que grande parte das pesquisas coletadas na primeira fase da revisão não contemplavam os critérios de elegibilidade definidos para a proposta do estudo

Schistosoma mansoni rSm29 Antigen Induces a Regulatory Phenotype on Dendritic Cells and Lymphocytes From Patients With Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

The immune response induced by Schistosma mansoni antigens is able to prevent immune-mediated diseases. Conversely, the inflammatory response in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), although responsible for controlling the infection, is also associated with the pathogenesis of disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of the S. mansoni Sm29 antigen to change certain aspects of the profiles of monocyte derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) and lymphocytes from subjects with CL in vitro. Expression of surface molecules and intracellular cytokines in the MoDCs and lymphocytes as well as the proliferation of Leishmania braziliensis were evaluated by flow cytometry. Levels of cytokines were evaluated in culture supernatants by ELISA. It was observed that stimulation by rSm29 increased the frequency of expression of CD83, CD80, CD86, and IL-10R in MoDCs compared to non-stimulated cultures. Additionally rSm29 decreased the frequency CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing CD28 and increased the frequency of CD4+CD25hi and CD4+CTLA-4+ T lymphocytes. Addition of rSm29 to cultures increased IL-10 levels and decreased levels of IL-12p40 and IFN-γ, while not altering TNF levels compared to non-stimulated cultures. This study showed that rSm29 induced a regulatory profile in MoDCs and lymphocytes and thereby regulated the exaggerated inflammation observed in CL. Considering that there are few therapeutic options for leishmaniasis, the use of rSm29 may be an alternative to current treatment and may be an important strategy to reduce the healing time of lesions in patients with CL

Effects of in vitro short- and long-term treatment with telomerase inhibitor in U-251 glioma cells

BACKGROUND: The inhibition of the enzyme telomerase (TERT) has been widely investigated as a new pharmacological approach for cancer treatment, but its real potential and the biochemical consequences are not totally understood. OBJECTIVE: Here, we investigated the effects of the telomerase inhibitor MST-312 on a human glioma cell line after both short- and long-term (290 days) treatments. METHODS: Effects on cell growth, viability, cell cycle, morphology, cell death and genes expression were assessed. RESULTS: We found that short-term treatment promoted cell cycle arrest followed by apoptosis. Importantly, cells with telomerase knock-down revealed that the toxic effects of MST-312 are partially TERT dependent. In contrast, although the long-term treatment decreased cell proliferation at first, it also caused adaptations potentially related to treatment resistance and tumor aggressiveness after long time of exposition. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the short-term effects of telomerase inhibition not being due to telomere erosion, they are at least partially related to the enzyme inhibition, which may represent an important strategy to pave the way for tumor growth control, especially through modulation of the non-canonical functions of telomerase. On the other hand, long-term exposure to the inhibitor had the potential to induce cell adaptations with possible negative clinical implications

Neoliberalismo e conservadorismo: quem são os “cidadãos de bem” ressentidos? / Neoliberalism and conservatism: who are the resentful "good citizens"?

Nos últimos anos, candidatos de extrema direita, que flertam com o autoritarismo e põem em risco a democracia, ascenderam ao poder em diversos países do mundo. No Brasil, esse processo também aconteceu, e, nas eleições presidenciais de 2018, Jair Bolsonaro foi eleito com o discurso que prometia um governo “conservador nos costumes e liberal na economia”. Após dois anos e meio de mandato marcado por múltiplas crises e polêmicas, sua popularidade atingiu o grau mais baixo em maio de 2021. Contudo, de acordo com a pesquisa de opinião realizada pelo Instituto Datafolha neste mesmo mês, 24% dos entrevistados continuam avaliando seu governo como “ótimo/bom”. A partir disso, o presente estudo visa a investigar o que motiva esse apoio ao Presidente, lançando-se, para tanto, mão de estudos da Filosofia Política, da Psicanálise e da Antropologia. Conclui-se que é possível explicar pelo viés psicanalítico a motivação do grupo que permanece apoiando Jair Bolsonaro, valendo-se da categoria do ressentimento, paixão condizente com a subjetividade forjada no contexto neoliberal

Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants

Summary Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks

Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults

Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities(.)(1,2) This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity(3-6). Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55% of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017-and more than 80% in some low- and middle-income regions-was due to increases in BMI in rural areas. This large contribution stems from the fact that, with the exception of women in sub-Saharan Africa, BMI is increasing at the same rate or faster in rural areas than in cities in low- and middle-income regions. These trends have in turn resulted in a closing-and in some countries reversal-of the gap in BMI between urban and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries, especially for women. In high-income and industrialized countries, we noted a persistently higher rural BMI, especially for women. There is an urgent need for an integrated approach to rural nutrition that enhances financial and physical access to healthy foods, to avoid replacing the rural undernutrition disadvantage in poor countries with a more general malnutrition disadvantage that entails excessive consumption of low-quality calories.Peer reviewe

Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

Background Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For schoolaged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median). Findings From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. Interpretation The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesit

Search for new particles in events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for new particles produced at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, using events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb(-1), collected in 2017-2018 with the CMS detector. Machine learning techniques are used to define separate categories for events with narrow jets from initial-state radiation and events with large-radius jets consistent with a hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. A statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data sample of 36 fb(-1), collected in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the standard model background expectation determined from control samples in data. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the branching fraction of an invisible decay of the Higgs boson, as well as constraints on simplified models of dark matter, on first-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying to quarks and neutrinos, and on models with large extra dimensions. Several of the new limits, specifically for spin-1 dark matter mediators, pseudoscalar mediators, colored mediators, and leptoquarks, are the most restrictive to date.Peer reviewe

Combined searches for the production of supersymmetric top quark partners in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A combination of searches for top squark pair production using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb(-1) collected by the CMS experiment, is presented. Signatures with at least 2 jets and large missing transverse momentum are categorized into events with 0, 1, or 2 leptons. New results for regions of parameter space where the kinematical properties of top squark pair production and top quark pair production are very similar are presented. Depending on themodel, the combined result excludes a top squarkmass up to 1325 GeV for amassless neutralino, and a neutralinomass up to 700 GeV for a top squarkmass of 1150 GeV. Top squarks with masses from 145 to 295 GeV, for neutralino masses from 0 to 100 GeV, with a mass difference between the top squark and the neutralino in a window of 30 GeV around the mass of the top quark, are excluded for the first time with CMS data. The results of theses searches are also interpreted in an alternative signal model of dark matter production via a spin-0 mediator in association with a top quark pair. Upper limits are set on the cross section for mediator particle masses of up to 420 GeV