130 research outputs found
The extraction of nuclear sea quark distribution and energy loss effect in Drell-Yan experiment
The next-to-leading order and leading order analysis are performed on the
differential cross section ratio from Drell-Yan process. It is found that the
effect of next-to-leading order corrections can be negligible on the
differential cross section ratios as a function of the quark momentum fraction
in the beam proton and the target nuclei for the current Fermilab and future
lower beam proton energy. The nuclear Drell-Yan reaction is an ideal tool to
study the energy loss of the fast quark moving through cold nuclei. In the
leading order analysis, the theoretical results with quark energy loss are in
good agreement with the Fermilab E866 experimental data on the Drell-Yan
differential cross section ratios as a function of the momentum fraction of the
target parton. It is shown that the quark energy loss effect has significant
impact on the Drell-Yan differential cross section ratios. The nuclear
Drell-Yan experiment at current Fermilab and future lower energy proton beam
can not provide us with more information on the nuclear sea quark distribution.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figure
Nuclear effects on J/{\psi} production in proton-nucleus collisions
The study of nuclear effects for J/{\psi} production in proton-nucleus
collisions is crucial for a correct interpretation of the J/{\psi} suppression
patterns experimentally observed in heavy-ion collisions. By means of three
representative sets of nuclear parton distribution, the energy loss effect in
the initial state and the nuclear absorption effect in the final state are
taken into account in the uniform framework of the Glauber model. A leading
order phenomenological analysis is performed on J/{\psi} production
cross-section ratios RW/Be(xF) for the E866 experimental data. The J/{\psi}
suppression is investigated quantitatively due to the different nuclear
effects. It is shown that the energy loss effect with resulting in the
suppression on RW/Be(xF) is more important than the nuclear effects on parton
distributions in high xF region. The E866 data in the small xF keep out the
nuclear gluon distribution with a large anti-shadowing effect. However, the new
HERA-B measurement is not in support of the anti-shadowing effect in the
nuclear gluon distribution. It is found that the J/{\psi}-nucleon inelastic
cross section {\sigma} J/{\psi} abs depends on the kinematical variable xF, and
increases as xF in the region xF > 0.2. 1 Introductio
Molecular dynamics simulation of the order-disorder phase transition in solid NaNO
We present molecular dynamics simulations of solid NaNO using pair
potentials with the rigid-ion model. The crystal potential surface is
calculated by using an \emph{a priori} method which integrates the \emph{ab
initio} calculations with the Gordon-Kim electron gas theory. This approach is
carefully examined by using different population analysis methods and comparing
the intermolecular interactions resulting from this approach with those from
the \emph{ab initio} Hartree-Fock calculations. Our numerics shows that the
ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition in solid NaNO is triggered by
rotation of the nitrite ions around the crystallographical c axis, in agreement
with recent X-ray experiments [Gohda \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. B \textbf{63},
14101 (2000)]. The crystal-field effects on the nitrite ion are also addressed.
Remarkable internal charge-transfer effect is found.Comment: RevTeX 4.0, 11 figure
Low-light-level nonlinear optics with slow light
Electromagnetically induced transparency in an optically thick, cold medium
creates a unique system where pulse-propagation velocities may be orders of
magnitude less than and optical nonlinearities become exceedingly large. As
a result, nonlinear processes may be efficient at low-light levels. Using an
atomic system with three, independent channels, we demonstrate a quantum
interference switch where a laser pulse with an energy density of
photons per causes a 1/e absorption of a second pulse.Comment: to be published in PR
Low Energy Theory for 2 flavors at High Density QCD
We construct the effective Lagrangian describing the low energy excitations
for Quantum Chromodynamics with two flavors at high density. The non-linear
realization framework is employed to properly construct the low energy
effective theory. The light degrees of freedom, as required by 't Hooft anomaly
conditions, contain massless fermions which we properly include in the
effective Lagrangian. We also provide a discussion of the linearly realized
Lagrangian.Comment: 17 pages, RevTeX format, references added. To appear in Phys. Rev.
Quantitative Treatment of Decoherence
We outline different approaches to define and quantify decoherence. We argue
that a measure based on a properly defined norm of deviation of the density
matrix is appropriate for quantifying decoherence in quantum registers. For a
semiconductor double quantum dot qubit, evaluation of this measure is reviewed.
For a general class of decoherence processes, including those occurring in
semiconductor qubits, we argue that this measure is additive: It scales
linearly with the number of qubits.Comment: Revised version, 26 pages, in LaTeX, 3 EPS figure
A domesticated harbinger transposase forms a complex with HDA6 and promotes histone H3 deacetylation at genes but not TEs in Arabidopsis
Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search
Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe
Combination of searches for Higgs boson pairs in pp collisions at \sqrts = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
This letter presents a combination of searches for Higgs boson pair production using up to 36.1 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy root s = 13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The combination is performed using six analyses searching for Higgs boson pairs decaying into the b (b) over barb (b) over bar, b (b) over barW(+)W(-), b (b) over bar tau(+)tau(-), W+W-W+W-, b (b) over bar gamma gamma and W+W-gamma gamma final states. Results are presented for non-resonant and resonant Higgs boson pair production modes. No statistically significant excess in data above the Standard Model predictions is found. The combined observed (expected) limit at 95% confidence level on the non-resonant Higgs boson pair production cross-section is 6.9 (10) times the predicted Standard Model cross-section. Limits are also set on the ratio (kappa(lambda)) of the Higgs boson self-coupling to its Standard Model value. This ratio is constrained at 95% confidence level in observation (expectation) to -5.0 < kappa(lambda) < 12.0 (-5.8 < kappa(lambda) < 12.0). In addition, limits are set on the production of narrow scalar resonances and spin-2 Kaluza-Klein Randall-Sundrum gravitons. Exclusion regions are also provided in the parameter space of the habemus Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model and the Electroweak Singlet Model. For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2019.135103</p
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